• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.262-267
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to research for anti-oxidation and anti-wrinkle effects of Acar mono Sap (AM). To cosmetic effect of AM, safety effect (MTT assay), anti-wrinkle effect (elastase, MMP-1 inhibition assay) and anti-oxidant effect (DPPH assay) were measured. When water extract of AM was used for cell viability, it was over 100% at 6% (6 ml/100 ml in phosphate buffer) concentration. AM showed 45.7% elastase inhibition and 23.7% MMP-1 inhibition at 50% (50 ml/100 ml in phosphate buffer) concentration so that it had good anti-wrinkle characteristic. And AM showed 68.9% antioxidation capacity at 50% concentration by using a DPPH assay. Consequently, AM can be used as natural materials or additives for human skin owing to their beneficial biologic functions, including the anti-wrinkle effect, for cosmetic compositions.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.59-69
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• 2016

Objectives: The mushroom Ganoderma lucidum has been widely used as a traditional herbal medicine for many years. Although several studies have focused on the anti-oxidative activity of this mushroom, the molecular mechanisms underlying its activity have not yet been clearly established. The present study investigated the cytoprotective effect of ethanol extract of Ganoderma lucidum (EGL) against oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxide, $H_2O_2$) and elucidated the underlying mechanisms in a C2C12 myoblast cell line. Methods: Oxidative stress markers were determined by using the comet assay to measure reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage. Cell viability and Western blotting analyses were employed to evaluate the cellular response to EGL and $H_2O_2$ in C2C12 cells. Transfection with nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-specific small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) was conducted to understand the relationship between Nrf2 expression and $H_2O_2$-induced growth inhibition. Results: The results showed that EGL effectively inhibited $H_2O_2$-induced growth and the generation of ROS. EGL markedly suppressed $H_2O_2$-induced comet-like DNA formation and phosphorylation of histone H2AX at serine 139 ($p-{\gamma}H2AX$), a widely used marker of DNA damage, suggesting that EGL prevented $H_2O_2$-induced DNA damage. Furthermore, the EGL treatment effectively induced the expression of Nrf2, as well as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), with parallel phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in the C2C12 myoblasts. However, zinc protoporphyrin IX, a HO-1 inhibitor, significantly abolished the protective effects of EGL against $H_2O_2$-induced accumulation of ROS and reduced cell growth. Notably, transient transfection with Nrf2-specific siRNA attenuated the cytoprotective effects and HO-1 induction by EGL, indicating that EGL induced the expression of HO-1 in an Nrf2-dependent manner. Conclusion: Collectively, these results demonstrate that EGL augments the cellular anti-oxidant defense capacity through activation of Nrf2/HO-1, thereby protecting C2C12 myoblasts from $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative cytotoxicity.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.1168-1178
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• 2018

The present study aimed to characterise anti-oxidant peptides from water-soluble protein extracts of Hanwoo beef and evaluate their anti-proliferative effect on human colorectal carcinoma cells (HCT116). Antioxidant peptides were purified from the low-molecular-weight fraction (<3 kDa) of Hanwoo beef extract. Antioxidant activity of peptide fractions was determined using the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. Purified peptide (P3) displayed higher ORAC activity than the low-molecular-weight fraction ($202.66{\mu}M\;TE/g$ vs $167.38{\mu}M\;TE/g$ of dry matter, respectively) (p<0.05). The peptide sequence of P3 was Cys-Cys-Cys-Cys-Ser-Val-Gln-Lys (888.30 Da). The novel peptide P3, at $250{\mu}g/mL$, also significantly inhibited HCT116 cell proliferation up to 25.24% through phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and p38 kinase (p<0.05). Hence, antioxidant peptide P3 from Hanwoo beef extract can be used as an antioxidative and anticancer agent in the functional food industry.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.498-505
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• 2009

The plant Agastache rugosa Kuntze has various physiological and pharmacological activities. Especially, it has been regarded as a valuable source for the treatment of anti-inflammatory and oxidative stress-induced disorders. However, little has been known about the functional role of it on oxidative damage in mammalian cells by ROS. In this study, we investigated the DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide and intracellular ROS scavenging capacity, and $Fe^{2+}$ chelating activity of the extracts from Agastache rugosa. In addition, we evaluated whether the extract can be capable of reducing $H_2O_2$-induced DNA and cell damage in NIH 3T3 cells. These extracts showed a dose-dependent free radical scavenging capacity and a protective effect on DNA damage and the lipid peroxidation causing the cell damage by $H_2O_2$. Therefore, these results suggest that Agastache rugosa is useful as a herbal medicine for the chemoprevention against oxidative carcinogenesis.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.83-101
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• 2015

Objective : In order to establish the scientific research methods to prove the effects of korean traditional medicine about ultraviolet induced skin damage, we investigated the research on ultraviolet induced skin damage in the korean traditional medicine field. Method : We searched the papers about ultraviolet induced skin damage published in the journals of korean traditional medicine. The searching end date was on June 29, 2015. Results : Thirty papers about ultraviolet induced skin damage were found. Twenty nine papers were experimental research, and one paper was clinical research. Sixty-three percent of papers were written the years after 2011. Fifty-seven percent of papers were published in the korean journal of oriental physiology & pathology and the journal of korean oriental medical ophthalmology & otolaryngology & dermatology. Main outcome measures of experimental research were anti-wrinkle effects, anti-oxidant capacity, anti-apoptosis effects, whitening effects and anti-inflammatory effects. Conclusion : We need more systematic research in order to prove the effects of korean traditional medicine, and use extensively.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.19-29
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• 2021

Objective : This study was designed to investigate anti-oxidative, anti-aging and anti-inflammatory activities of Zingiber officinale Roscoe water (ZD) and 50% ethanol extracts (ZE). Method : The antioxidant capacity of ZD or ZE was analyzed by DPPH, ABTS scavenging activities and reducing power, respectively. The anti-aging efficacy was performed with tyrosinase and collagenase inhibition activities. The anti-inflammatory activities were confirmed through inhibition of nitric oxide production and TNF-�� expression in LPS-treated Raw 264.7 cells. Result : As a result of measuring DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities, both ZD and ZE extracts increased in concentration-dependent manners. The ABTS radical scavenging activities of water and 50% ethanol extract were similar to that of positive control at high concentration. On reducing power, both ZD and ZE showed higher activities than the positive control at high concentration. On inhibition activities of tyrosinase and collagenase both ZD and ZE showed the large inhibition rates at low concentration. Also, the inhibitory efficacy of ZD on NO and TNF-�� production was better than ZE in RAW 264.7 cells. Conclusion : These results suggest that ZD and ZE have anti-oxidative, anti-aging and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro. Especially, ZD was more effective than ZE. Thus, Ginger extract is considered to be highly useful as a cosmetic or food material with anti-oxidative, anti-aging (prevention of whitening and wrinkle) and anti-inflammatory effects. Also these effects may vary depending on the extraction solvent.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.41-45
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• 2008

Algal fucoidan is a marine polysaccharide containing sulfur with a wide variety of biological activities including anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic effects. Although antioxidants can inhibit inflammatory signals through inhibiting activator protein-1 and/or nuclear factor-kappaB activation, it is obscure whether fucoidan directly scavenges oxy-radicals or indirectly regulates oxidant production and/or antioxidant defense system. The antioxidant activities of fucoidan against peroxyl radicals, peroxynitrites and hydroxyl radicals were determined by the total oxy-radical scavenging capacity (TOSC) assay. The specific TOSC values of fucoidan against peroxyl radicals, peroxynitrites or hydroxyl radicals were $282{\pm}60$, $43{\pm}1$ or $40{\pm}1\;TOSC/mg/mL$, respectively. These specific TOSC values against peroxyl radicals, peroxynitrites or hydroxyl radicals are 23, 12, or 13% of the specific TOSC values of glutathione, a positive control, respectively. These results suggest that fucoidan has direct oxy-radical scavenging capacity, which may be related with anti-inflammatory effect of fucoidan.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.277-284
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• 2009

The methanol extract of Dillenia indica was tested for antioxidant activity as determined by free radical scavenging of DPPH radical scavenging assay, reducing power, total antioxidant capacity measured by phosphomolybdenum method, total phenolic content and total flavonoids content determination assays. The extract showed significant activities in all antioxidant assays compared to the standard antioxidant in a dose dependent manner. In DPPH radical scavenging assay the $IC_{50}$ value of the extract was found to be 100.53${\mu}g/ml$ while ascorbic acid has the $IC_{50}$ value 58.92${\mu}g/ml$. Dillenia indica extract showed strong reducing power and total antioxidant capacity. Moreover, methanol extracts also possess high amount of phenolics and flavovonoids and expressed as gallic acid and rutin equivalent respectively. The remarkable activities exhibited in reactive oxygen species scavenging may attributed to the high amount of hydrophilic phenolics present in Dillenia indica.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.204-210
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• 2016

Phytochemical investigation of the 80% MeOH extract from the stems of Lagerstroemia indica resulted in the isolation of eighteen compounds; four norsesquiterpenes, fourteen phenolic derivatives. Their chemical structures were characterized by spectroscopic methods to be tachioside (1), isotachioside (2), 2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl ${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (3), gallic acid 4-methyl ether (4), protocatechuic acid (5), gallic acid (6), vanillic acid (7), vanillin (8), 2-methoxy-5-hydroxymethyl-phenyl-1-O-(6"-galloyl)-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (9), 2,4,6-trimethoxyphenol-1-O-${\beta}$-D-(6'-O-galloyl)-glucopyranoside (10), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl-1-O-(6'-O-galloyl)-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (11), vomifoliol (12), vomifoliol 9-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (13), 6R,9R-3-oxo-${\alpha}$-ionol-9-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (14), dihydrophaseic acid 4'-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (15), ${\beta}$-hydroxypropiovanillone 3-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (16), myrciaphenone A (17), and coumaric acid (18). Compounds 1-5 and 7-18 were isolated for the first time from this plant. Compounds 1-18 were investigated for their antioxidant properties using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging capacity assay, $Fe^{2+}$ chelating, and FRAP assay. It was found that 4, 6, and 11 possessed the highest antioxidant capacities.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.624-633
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• 2021

This study was conducted to determine the supplemental effects of two insect meals, mealworm (MW) and black soldier fly (BSF), with high or low lipid levels in diets, on Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Sardine and tuna by-product meals were used as the fish meal source in a control (Con) diet. The fish meals were replaced with MW, defatted MW (deMW), BSF or defatted BSF (deBSF), respectively. The shrimp (body weight: 0.47 g) were stocked into 20 acryl tanks (215 L) and fed the diets six times a day. After 45 days of the feeding trial, the shrimp that were fed insect meals had significantly higher phenoloxidase and superoxide dismutase activities than the shrimp fed Con diet. The gene expressions of prophenoloxidase, crustin and penaeidine-3c in shrimp hepatopancrease were also higher in shrimp that were fed the insect diets, regardless of defatting than those in shirmp that were fed Con diet. The survival against Vibrio parahaemolyticus was higher in shrimp that were fed the diets containing defatted insect meals than in shrimp that were fed Con diet. These results indicate that MW and BSF, regardless of lipid levels, could be good protein sources for the enhancement of innate immunity and anti-oxidant capacity of the shrimp.