• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.933-938
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• 2005

To investigate pertinent packaging treatment of fresh-cut potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.), potato cubes were subjected to passive, gas exchange, and vacuum packaging conditions. Low density polyethylene film (LDPE), polypropylene film (PP), anti-fogging film (AP), and perforated film (PF) were used as passive packaging treatments. Mixed gases of 5% $CO_2/5%\;O_2$ (MA1) and 10% $CO_2/5%\;O_2$ (MA2) were applied as gas exchange packaging. Packs filled with cubes were kept at $5^{\circ}C$, and changes in weight loss, surface color, vitamin C content and sensory quality of cubes were analyzed during storage. Respiration rate of cubes was 2.11 times higher than that of intact raw potatoes at $5^{\circ}C$. Gas concentrations in passive packaging was maintained at 1-2% $O_2$ and 4-14% $CO_2$ after 7 days. Gas levels changed depending on films used. Cubes packed in PP and MA2 showed lowest weight loss and browning during storage. Firmness of cubes was not affected by packaging treatment. Vitamin C content was highest in cubes packed with AF. Cubes packed in MA2 showed highest quality upto 10days storage, followed by those packed in PP and AF.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.125-131
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• 2018

Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) has been widely used in skin care formulations. Due to its remarkable effects on anti-oxidation, collagen biosynthesis and whitening, ascorbic acid is considered as an effectible anti-aging active ingredient. But, the instability problems of ascorbic acid in cosmetic formulation such as oxidation, browning and changes in smell is the difficult issue to be overcome for the application of high concentration of ascorbic acid. We tried to stabilize the ascorbic acid in non-aqueous liquid formulation that contains polyol solvent at first. The non-aqueous system was effectible to reduce oxidation. But, ascorbic acid was crystallized in the non-aqueous formulation at the low temperature below $5^{\circ}C$. We tried to develop way to stabilize the ascorbic acid in aqueous solutions to solve the crystallizing problem. In this study, we search the optimal ratio of antioxidant combination, such as zinc sulfate, glutathione and curcuma longa (turmeric) root extract. Formulations were stored at - $16^{\circ}C$, $5^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$, $40^{\circ}C$, $50^{\circ}C$ and cycle($5-40^{\circ}C$) (in incubator) for a period of eight weeks to investigate their stability. In the stability analysis, the test parameters consisted of color, scent, phase separation and sedimentation. Ascorbic acid stability was checked by HPLC analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.9
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• pp.1174-1181
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• 2008

Garlics were aged at 60, 70, 80, and $90^{\circ}C$ for 1, 3 and 6 days. Samples were analyzed for physico-chemical components and antioxidant activities, such as DPPH scavenging activity and reducing power of hot water and ethanol extracts. The Hunter L, a and b values were significantly lower in sample aged at higher temperature and for longer time. In initiation of aging, the share force was the lowest in sample aged at $90^{\circ}C(85.70{\pm}1.44\;kg/cm^2)$ and it increased for 6 days to $411.30{\pm}13.90\;kg/cm^2$ in aging. The pH of garlic was acidified at increasing aged temperature and periods. In sample aged for 6 days at $60^{\circ}C$ and $90^{\circ}C$, pH was 6.12 and 3.90, respectively. Contents of total phenolics and flavonoids also increased in sample aged at higher temperature and for longer time. Their contents increased about 3.5 and 9.1 times higher in sample aged for 6 days at $90^{\circ}C$ than sample aged for 6 days at $60^{\circ}C$, respectively. Total pyruvate contents were fluctuated by aging temperature and periods. DPPH scavenging activity was increased in sample aged at higher temperature and longer time. The highest activity of DPPH scavenging showed $87.48{\pm}0.20%$ in sample aged for 6 days at $90^{\circ}C$. Similar results were observed in reducing power activity. It was estimated that such increases in anti-oxidant activities in aged garlics may come from actions of phenolics, flavonoids and browning compounds in them.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.95-99
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• 2019

In the modified atmosphere packaging of powdered infant formula, the oxygen inside the package may cause its quality deterioration and needs to be minimized for quality preservation. A way of oxygen scavenger inclusion in the single-serve package without contacting the product was devised for removing oxygen residing initially and permeating through the seal layer during the storage. A polyethylene/pulp multi-layer porous filter bag of 5 × 7 cm containing 13 g of powdered infant formula was packaged in an 8 × 9 cm size aluminium laminated film package with a Fe-based oxygen scavenger of 1.8 g. After nitrogen flushed packaging, the active packages were stored at 30℃ for 254 days with periodical quality measurement. The active package could remove the initial residual oxygen of 1.4% completely and maintain absence of oxygen for the whole storage, which contributed to reduced oxidation observed in lower product peroxide value compared to that of the product in the control package. There was no influence of packaging treatment on content of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, reaction product of initial nonenzymatic browning. The devised oxygen-scavenging single-serve package showed a potential to improve the preservation of infant formula powder and extend the shelf life.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.519-523
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• 2005

Soybean paste (Doenjang) was prepared by adding Lotus root powder (LRP) at $5\~15\%$ (w/w) to improve quality of the Doenjang and to give some functional properties. Moisture content was ranged about $50.05\~54.04\%$ and amino nitrogen content was $635\~648\;mg\%$ following the LRP contents. Crude protein amounts were $11.55\~12.56\%$ that was no difference between test samples. Carbohydrates contents increased $1.5\~2$ times in the test samples than the control depending on the LRP contents. However, contents of crude lipid $(6.99\~8.55\%)$ and ash $(13.99\~15.17\%)$ were decreased as increased the amounts of LRP. The pH of the product was decreased until 45 days during aging period and then slightly increased without significantly differences among test samples. The values of acidity were $1.85\~2.18\%$ at the early stage of aging but slightly increased with further aging. The total phenolic content in the Doenjang adding $15\%$ LRP was $461.8\;mg\%$ which is higher than $368.6\;mg\%$ in the control. Doenjang prepared with LRP showed an anti-browning effect of the product itself.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.394-401
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• 2020

As embryonic stem cells become pluripotent, they may cause tumor development when injected into a host. Therefore, researchers are focusing heavily on the therapeutic potential of tissue-specific stem cells (adult stem cells) without resultant tumor formation. Adult stem cells can proliferate for a limited number of generations and are restricted to certain cell types (multipotent). Mature tissue cell types in mammals cannot be intrinsically dedifferentiated or transdifferentiated to adult stem cells. Hence, the technology of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) for reprogramming adult somatic cells was introduced in 2006, ushering in a new era in adult stem cell research. Although iPSCs have been widely used in the field, the approach has several limitations: instability of the reprogramming process, risk of incomplete reprogramming, and exposure to transgenes integrated into the cell genome. Two years before the introduction of the iPSC technique, the synthetic small molecule 2,6-disubstituted purine, called reversine, was introduced. Reversine can induce the dedifferentiation of committed cells into multipotent progenitor-type cells by reprogramming and converting adult cells to other cell types under appropriate stimuli. Thus, it can be used as a chemically induced multipotent cell agent to overcome the limitations of iPSCs. Also, as an alternative therapeutic approach for treating obesity, it can be used to generate beige cells by browning white adipocytes. While reversine has the potential to act as an anti-cancer agent, this review focuses on its role in differentiation, dedifferentiation, and transdifferentiation in somatic cells.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.526-532
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• 2013

In this study, we investigated the effect of 88 marine algae extracts on melanin synthesis to develop new whitening agents. Among varieties of marine algae tested, the ethyl acetate extracts from Endarachne binghamiae (EB), Scytosiphon lomentaria, Sargassum yezoense, Ecklonia cava and Sargassum fusiforme inhibited melanin synthesis in melan-a cells. EB treatment showed the strongest inhibitory activity in melanin synthesis, compared with that of other extracts. EB-mediated inhibition of melanin synthesis appeared to be associated with inhibition of ${\alpha}$-glucosidase-dependent glycosylation of tyrosinase in melan-a cells. In addition, EB treatment did not affect mushroom tyrosinase or cell-extracted tyrosinase activity in vitro. Taken together, our findings suggest that anti-browning effect of EB on skin is mediated through regulation of ${\alpha}$-glucosidase activity and subsequent inhibition of tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis, and further development of EB as a potential agent for skin whitening.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.10
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• pp.1503-1508
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate physicochemical characteristics, antioxidant activities, and sensory evaluation of water extracts from Liriopis tuber (Liriope platyphylla Wang et Tang; LP) treated with roasting over various temperatures ($150{\sim}190^{\circ}C$). The LP water extracts showed increase of total sugar, reducing sugar, total protein, and total saponins except pH as roasting temperature was elevated. The browning index, and a and b values of color were increased, however, L value was decreased as temperature was elevated. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, superoxide anion radical, and nitrite scavenging activities and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity of LP water extracts were increased by 6.77, 2.37, 4.02, and 4.92 times, respectively, after roasting at $190^{\circ}C$. In sensory evaluation, LP water extracts roasted at $170^{\circ}C$ showed the highest scores in color, savory taste, flavor, and overall acceptability.