• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2023

Fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) is a metabolic disorder found in caged layer hens and causes reduced egg production and sudden death. Dandelion (Taraxacum coreanum, TC) and milk thistle (Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense, CJ) are well known wild herbs inhabiting Korean peninsula and presenting antioxidative effects. This study investigated alleviate effects of these herbal mixture (6:4, w/w) composed of dried powder of TC and CJ against fatty liver in laying hens. The herbs mixture 5.0, 10.0, 20.0 or 40.0 g/kg feed was provided via feed admixture for 3 weeks to laying hens having FLHS. FLHS was induced by intramuscular injection of β-estradiol (2 mg/kg bw) 2 times per week for 3 weeks and supply with high caloric feed. Egg production rate was reduced from 76.2% at pre-treatment to 49.4% at 1 week and further decreased according to β-estradiol treatment. Increment of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol (T-Chol) and total bilirubin (T-Bil) and decrement of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) with fatty liver were found by the treatment of β-estradiol. Supplementation of TC and CJ mixture via feed admixture recovered the reduction of egg production and attenuated serological changes and gross and pathological lesions of fatty liver with the best amelioration effects at 5 and 10 g TC and CJ mixture per kg feed. In conclusion, TC and CJ mixture attenuates FLHS by means of antioxidative effects. Further mechanistic study is required to explain TC and CJ's amelioration effects against FLHS in laying hens.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2023

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of baicalein (BA) on the production of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide (NO) in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages stimulated with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly-IC) and lipoteichoic acid. Methods : RAW 264.7 co-stimulated with poly-IC and lipoteichoic acid were incubated with baicalein at concentrations of 25 and 50 μM. Incubation time is 16 h, 18 h, 20 h, 22 h, and 24 h. After incubation, The production of hydrogen peroxide in RAW 264.7 was measured with dihydrorhodamine 123 assay. Chrysin was used as a comparative material. NO production was evaluated by griess assay. Results : For 16 h, 18 h, 20 h, 22 h, and 24 h incubation, BA at the concentration of 25 and 50 μM significantly inhibited the production of hydrogen peroxide in RAW 264.7 stimulated by poly-IC and lipoteichoic acid (p <0.001). In details, production of hydrogen peroxide in 'poly-IC and lipoteichoic acid'-stimulated RAW 264.7 treated for 16 h with BA at concentrations of 25 and 50 μM was 82.36% and 77.24% of the control group treated with poly-IC and lipoteichoic acid only, respectively; the production of hydrogen peroxide for 18 h was 83.15% and 77.91%, respectively;production of hydrogen peroxide for 20 h was 82.88% and 77.82%, respectively; production of hydrogen peroxide for 22 h was 83.27% and 78.17%, respectively; production of hydrogen peroxide for 24 h was 83.54% and 78.35%, respectively. Additionally, BA at the concentration of 50 and 100 μM significantly inhibited NO production in lipoteichoic acid-induced RAW 264.7 (p <0.001). Conclusions : BA might have anti-oxidative activity related to its inhibition of hydrogen peroxide production in 'poly-IC and lipoteichoic acid'-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages.

• 대한중풍순환신경학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2014

■ Objectives This study was designed to investigate the effects of Ephedra Herba hexane fraction on lipid levels in serum and lipid accumulation in liver tissue in Hyperlipidemic mice. ■ Methods Hyperlipidemia was induced by providing high fat diet for 4 weeks. Normal group was provided with normal diet. CTL groupwas provided with high fat diet. Ephedra Herba hexane fraction group was provieded with high fat diet and administered orally in the concentration of 1.5mg/kg body weight/day for 2 weeks. In this experiment, effects on total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, AST, ALT, fasting blood glucose in serum were measured. In addition histopathological changes in liver tissue were also observed. ■ Results Ephedra Herba hexane fraction did not affects weight gain, serum AST and ALT in hyperlipidemic mice. Oral administration of Ephedra Herba hexane fraction lowered levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride, which were elevated by induction of hyperlipidemia. In addition, Ephedra Herba hexane fraction group showed downward tendency of lipid accumulation compared with CTL group. Finally, administration of Ephedra Herba hexane fraction lowered fasting blood glucose significantly. And Ephedra Herba hexane fraction also ameliorates anti-oxidative stress systems in internal organs which play key role in disease prevention. ■ Conclusion These results suggest that Ephedra Herba hexane fraction can prevent lipid accumulation in liver tissue through regulation of dyslipidemia and hyperglycaemia.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.524-533
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• 2023

Background: Obesity is a risk factor for aging and many diseases, and the disorder of lipid metabolism makes it prominent. This study aims to investigate the effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on aging, lipid metabolism and stress resistance Methods: Rg1 was administered to Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) cultured in NGM or GNGM. The lifespan, locomotory activity, lipid accumulation, cold and heat stress resistance and related mRNA expression of the worms were examined. Gene knockout mutants were used to clarify the effect on lipid metabolism of Rg1. GFP-binding mutants were used to observe the changes in protein expression Results: We reported that Rg1 reduced lipid accumulation and improved stress resistance in C. elegans. Rg1 significantly reduced the expression of fatty acid synthesis-related genes and lipid metabolism-related genes in C. elegans. However, Rg1 did not affect the fat storage in fat-5/fat-6 double mutant or nhr-49 mutant. Combined with network pharmacology, we clarified the possible pathways and targets of Rg1 in lipid metabolism. In addition, Rg1-treated C. elegans showed a higher expression of anti-oxidative genes and heat shock proteins, which might contribute to stress resistance Conclusion: Rg1 reduced fat accumulation by regulating lipid metabolism via nhr-49 and enhanced stress resistance by its antioxidant effect in C. elegans.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.39-52
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• 2019

To evaluate the protective effect of collagen peptide-coated coffee extract on skin aging, cell viability was measured with a MTT assay using cultured CCD-986sk fibroblasts, and its effect on wrinkles in the skin of hairless mice induced by UVB-irradiation was examined. In addition, its effect on procollagen synthesis and anti-oxidative, and its inhibitory activity against collagenase, elastase, tyrosinase and MMP-1 were analysed. After the 30-minute topical treatment, the animals were exposed to UVB irradiation (60-100 mJ/cm²) for 4 weeks and its intensity increased during the period. Under the experimental conditions set in this study, the skin thickness of hairless mice significantly decreased (11.8-21.3%) compared to the control group. Based on these results, the prolonged oral intake of a collagen peptide mixture with coffee is expected to significantly increase the synthesis of procollagen in dermal fibroblasts, thereby contributing to the alleviation of wrinkling and lowered elasticity due to structural damage to the dermal layer caused by UV. The oral intake of collagen-coated coffee contributes to increasing collagen biosynthesis in a dose-dependent manner and alleviates the symptoms of thickened keratin caused by UV irradiation. However, it did not inhibit the enzymes involved in skin aging, whitening, wrinkle improvement, and antioxidation. Based on the these results, it can be concluded that the intake of collagen peptide-coated coffee extract can be utilized as an alternative material for the prevention or treatment of diseases associated with photoaging.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.161-172
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• 2024

For sustainable development, better performance, and less gas pollution during rumen fermentation, there is a need to find a green and safe feed additive for ruminants. Cysteamine (CS) is a biological compound naturally produced in mammalian cells. It is widely used as a growth promoter in ruminants because of its ability to control hormone secretions. It mainly controls the circulating concentration of somatostatin and enhances growth hormone production, leading to improved growth performance. CS modulates the rumen fermentation process in a way beneficial for the animals and environment, leading to less methane production and nutrients loss. Another beneficial effect of using CS is that it improves the availability of nutrients to the animals and enhances their absorption. CS also works as an antioxidant and protects the cells from oxidative damage. In addition, CS has no adverse effects on bacterial and fungal alpha diversity in ruminants. Dietary supplementation of CS enhances the population of beneficial microorganisms. Still, no data is available on the use of CS on reproductive performance in ruminants, so there is a need to evaluate the effects of using CS in breeding animals for an extended period. In this review, the action mode of CS was updated according to recently published data to highlight the beneficial effects of using CS in ruminants.

• International Journal of Stem Cells
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.168-179
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• 2023

Background and Objectives: We evaluated the effect of adipose-derived stem cell-derived conditioned medium (ADSC-CM) on the renal function of rats with renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI)-induced acute kidney injury. Methods and Results: Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham, nephrectomy control, IRI control, ADSC-CM. The ADSC-CM was prepared using the three-dimensional spheroid culture system and injected into renal parenchyme. The renal function of the rats was evaluated 28 days before and 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, and 14 days after surgical procedures. The rats were sacrificed 14 days after surgical procedures, and kidney tissues were collected for histological examination. The renal parenchymal injection of ADSC-CM significantly reduced the serum blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels compared with the IRI control group on days 1, 2, 3, and 4 after IRI. The renal parenchymal injection of ADSC-CM significantly increased the level of creatinine clearance compared with the IRI control group 1 day after IRI. Collagen content was significantly lower in the ADSC-CM group than in the IRI control group in the cortex and medulla. Apoptosis was significantly decreased, and proliferation was significantly increased in the ADSC-CM group compared to the IRI control group in the cortex and medulla. The expressions of anti-oxidative makers were higher in the ADSC-CM group than in the IRI control group in the cortex and medulla. Conclusions: The renal function was effectively rescued through the renal parenchymal injection of ADSC-CM prepared using a three-dimensional spheroid culture system.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.557-563
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 Fuji 사과의 기능성 확인을 위해 산지별, 부위별 일반 성분 및 항산화 성분을 비교 분석하였다. 에탄올 추출물을 이용하여 항산화 활성을 분석한 결과 DPPH radical 소거 활성은 충주지역 사과에서 과피 82.84%, 과피근접 과육 26.98%, 과육 18.89% 등으로 다른 지역에 비해 낮은 값을 나타냈으나(P<0.01) 과심은 48.64%로 과피근접과육이나 과육보다 높았다. ABTS radical 소거 활성 측정 결과 과피는 안동지역 사과가 79.80%, 과피근접과육 및 과육은 예산지역이 각각 30.29%, 30.48%로 가장 높게 나타났으나(P<0.01) 과심은 충주지역이 52.34%로 타 지역에 비해 2배 이상의 높은 활성을 보였다. 총 페놀 함량의 경우 무주지역 사과의 과피에서 12.03 mg GAE/g, 안동지역 과피근접과육 6.01 mg GAE/g, 예산지역 과육 5.57 mg GAE/g 등에서 유의적으로 높은 함량을 보였으나 과심에서는 과피, 과피근접과육, 과육에서 유의적으로 가장 낮은 충주지역의 사과가 6.53 mg GAE/g으로 상대적으로 높은 활성(P<0.01)을 보여주었다. 총 플라보노이드의 경우 과피, 과피근접과육 및 과심에서는 예산지역의 사과가 각각 56.23 mg QE/g(P<0.01), 4.05 mg QE/g(P<0.05), 4.00 mg QE/g(P<0.01)으로 높은 함량을 보였으며, 과육에서는 안동지역의 사과가 4.35 mg QE/g(P<0.01)으로 비교적 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과를 통해 전통적으로 후지 사과의 주 재배지로 인식하고 있는 경남지역과 비교할 때 나머지 지역이 후지 사과의 품질 특성 및 항산화 활성에 있어 충분한 경쟁력을 갖고 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 5개 지역 모두 부위별로는 과육에 비하여 과피 부분의 항산화 활성이 상대적으로 높게 나타났으며 과피근접 부분의 항산화 활성 역시 높게 나타나 섭취 시 과실의 가식 부위를 최대화시킬 필요가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 과심 부분 역시 과육에 상당하는 항산화 활성이 나타나 식량자원의 효과적인 활용을 위해 비가식부위로 인식되는 사과 부산물의 적극적인 활용방안 및 제품개발 제고의 필요성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.142-150
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• 2005

연구배경 : Peroxiredoxin (Prx) 은 최근에 알려진 항산화제로 세포의 증식과 분화, 세포사멸이나 발암과정에 관여하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 하지만, 현재까지 폐암을 비롯한 각종 질병에서의 이들 Prx단백의 역할은 잘 규명되어 있지 않다. 이에 본 연구는 폐암 조직과 정상폐조직에서 Prx 단백의 발현 양상과 분포를 연구하여 이들의 병태 생리학적인 의미를 찾아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 아주대학교 병원에서 폐암으로 진단된 환자의 폐암조직과, 동일 환자의 정상 폐조직에서, 1 차원전기영동 (reducing 조건과 non-reducing 조건에서의 SDSPAGE) 혹은 2차원전기영동을 시행한 후 Western blot으로 Prx, Trx 및 TR의 발현 양상을 분석 하였으며, 백서의 정상 폐조직과, 환자의 폐암 조직에서 anti-Prx rabbit polyclonal 항체로 하여 면역조직화학염색법을 통해, Prx 단백의 분포를 관찰하였다. 결 과 : 면역조직화학염색법 결과 백서의 정상 폐조직에서는 Prx I, II, III 및 V 유형이, 주로 기관지상피세포, 폐포상피세포 및 폐포대식세포에서 발현되고 있음을 관찰하였다. 인체 폐암조직에서는, 정상 폐조직 부위에 비해서 Prx I 과 Prx III 유형 및 Trx단백의 발현이 선택적으로 증가되어 있고, 특히, 2차원 전기영동을 통한 프로티옴 분석에서 산화된 형태의 Prx I 과 Prx II가 증가 한 것을 비롯하여, 분자량과 등전점(pI)이 약간 변화된 형태의 Prx III가 폐암조직에 존재함을 알 수 있었다. 한편, 폐암 조직의 non-reducing 전기영동 후 Western blot에서는, monomer와 dimer 사이의 중간 크기에 해당하는 약 40 kDa과 200 kDa 이상 크기의, 항 Prx 항체와 반응하는 단백 띠 (reactive bands)가 관찰되었다. 결 론 : 폐암 조직에서 관찰되는 Prx I 과 Prx III 유형 및 Trx의 과발현 양상은, 종양 세포들이 주변의 미세 환경으로부터 겪는 여러 스트레스에 대하여 단백질을 보호하고 세포의 생명력을 유지하는데 있어 주요한 역할을 하는 것으로 사료된다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.183-192
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• 2015

본 연구는 가정에서 즐겨 먹는 대표적인 근채류인 연근과 도라지의 당추출 발효액을 제조하고, 이를 젖산발효시켜 발효액을 제조한 후 생리활성과 항산화 활성을 확인하고, 관능 검사를 통해 기능성 음료 제조 가능성을 대한 기초 자료로 조사하고자 하였다. 최종 당 농도는 도라지가 $48.1^{\circ}brix$, 연근이 $52.0^{\circ}brix$로 나타났다. 당추출 발효액을 $12^{\circ}brix$로 희석한 후 젖산발효하는 동안 변화하는 당 농도는 도라지가 $11.5{\sim}12.1^{\circ}brix$, 연근이 $11.9{\sim}12.4^{\circ}brix$ 범위로 나타났다. 젖산 발효기간 동안 초기 젖산균은 $10^{9{\sim}10}CFU/mL$ 수준이었으나, 연근 및 도라지 젖산발효액 둘 다 발효기간이 늘어날수록 감소하는 경향이었다. DPPH radical scavenging ability을 조사한 결과, 젖산발효하지 않은 control인 경우 연근이 도라지보다 3배 이상 우수한 것으로 나타났고, 젖산발효시 도라지인 경우 control보다 각각 L. acidophilus(77%), L. brevis(90%), L. delbrueckii(177%) 정도 유의적으로 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 총 폴리페놀함량 역시 연근이 도라지보다 함량이 많았으며, control과 비슷하게 나타난 L. delbrueckii 발효액을 제외하고는 젖산발효시 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 도라지인 경우 CUPRAC 측정시 L. brevis에서, FRAP 측정시는 L. delbrueckii로 젖산발효시 유의적으로 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 환원력은 도라지에서 L. brevis로 젖산발효한 경우를 제외하고 모두 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 연근과 도라지 젖산발효액의 관능검사 결과, 두 발효액 모두 control이나 L. acidophilus 보다 L. brevis, L. delbrueckii로 젖산발효한 액의 관능검사 결과가 모든 면에서 좋게 나타났다. 이상의 관능검사 결과, 연근이나 도라지를 이용한 당추출 젖산발효 음료로써의 개발 가능성이 높을 것으로 판단되었으며, 특히 L. delbrueckii와 L. brevis 같은 일부 젖산균은 전반적으로 활성이 좋게 나타나, 기능성 젖산발효 음료로 제조하는데 우수할 것으로 판단되었다.