• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06d
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• pp.961-966
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• 2001

The Wells turbine is one of the simplest and most promising self-rectifying air turbines which are useful for the systems of alternative energy development in near future, and it is economically desirable from the point of view of the practical use, as well. To investigate the effect of blade sweep on the performance of the Wells turbine, computations of a fully 3-D Navier-Stokes are carried out under steady flow conditions of NACA0020 blade. It is known that the performance of the Wells turbine is considerably influenced by the blade sweep. An optimum blade sweep ratio(f=0.35) for the NACA0020 is found to be the most promising for the practical use, and this value is in good agreement with the previous experiments. It is also found that the overall turbine performance for the NACA0020 is better than that for the CA9.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.126-134
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• 2024

Biogas, composed mainly of methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂), is a renewable gas that can serve as an alternative energy source. In this study, we developed a new microwave reformer and analyzed its reforming characteristics. We observed that higher temperatures of the microwave receptor led to increased reforming efficiency. By supplying appropriate amounts of methane and steam, we could prevent carbon generated from the thermal decomposition reaction of carbon dioxide from depositing on the catalytic active layer, thus avoiding the inhibition of catalytic activity. Hydrogen generation was enhanced when maintaining the biogas ratio and steam supply at adequate levels. Increasing the SiC ratio in the receptor improved the uniformity of temperature distribution and growth rate, resulting in higher conversion rates of the reforming process.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.93-99
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• 2012

The investigation of clean and environment-friendly coal utilization technology is actively progressed due to high oil price and serious climate change caused by greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, the plasma gasification was performed using a 6kW microwave plasma unit under various reaction conditions: the particle sizes of coal ($45{\mu}m-150{\mu}m$), $O_2$/fuel ratio (0 - 1.3), and steam/fuel ratio (0 - 1.5). The $H_2$ composition decreases with decreasing coal particle size. With increasing $O_2$/fuel ratio, the $H_2$ composition in the syngas decreased while the $CO_2$ composition increased. As the steam/fuel ratio increased from 0 to 1.5, the $H_2$ composition in the syngas increased while the $CO_2$ composition decreased. From the results, it was proven that the variation of syngas composition greatly affected by $O_2$/fuel ratio than steam/fuel ratio. The $H_2$ composition in the syngas, carbon conversion, and cold gas efficiency increased with increasing plasma power.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.89-92
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• 2007

Partail oxidation(POX) of n-butane was investigated in this research by employing ceria-promoted Ni/calcium hydroxyapatite catalysts ($Ce_xNi_{2.5}Ca_{10}(OH)_2(PO_4)_6$ ; x = $0.1{\sim}0.3$) which had recently been reported to exhibit good catalytic performance in POX of methane and propane. The experiments were carried out with changing ceria content, $O_2/n-C_4H_{10}$ ratio and temperature. As the $O_2/n-C_4H_{10}$ feed ratio increased up to 2.75, n-$C_4H_{10}$ conversion and $H_2$ yield increased and the selectivity of methane and other hydrocarbons decreased. But with $O_2/n-C_4H_{10}$ = 3.0, $n-C_4H_{10}$ conversion and $H_2$ yield decreased. This is considered due to that too much oxygen may inhibit the reduction of Ni or induce the oxidation of Ni, which results in poor catalytic activity. The optimum $O_2/n-C_4H_{10}$ ratio lay between 2.50 and 2.75. $Ce_{0.1}Ni_{2.5}Ca_{10}(OH)_2(PO_4)_6$ showed the highest $n-C_4H_{10}$ conversion and $H-2$ yield on the whole. In durability tests, higher hydrogen yield and better catalyst stability were obtained with the $O_2/n-C_4H_{10}$ ratio of 2.75 than with the ratio of 2.5.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.204-213
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• 2002

In this work, hydrogen production by a 2-step water-spritting thermochemical cycle based on metal oxides redox pairs was investigated on the bases of the thermodynamics and technical feasibility. Also, a 2nd-law analysis performed on the closed cyclic process indicates a maximum exergy conversion efficiency of 7.1% when using a solar cavity-receiver operated at 2300K and air/Fe3O4 molar ratio = 10.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2009

A numerical investigation was performed based on the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) equations for the two-dimensional unsteady flow around a vertical axis turbine(VAT) with three or four blades. VAT is one of the promising devices for tidal current energy conversion. The geometry of the turbine blade was $NACA65_3$-018 airfoil, for which CFD analysis using Fluent was carried out at several angles of attack and the results were compared with the corresponding experimental data for validation and calibration. Then CFD simulations were carried out for the whole vertical axis turbine with a two-dimensional setup. The CFD simulation demonstrated the usefulness of the method to study the typical unsteady flows around VATs and the results showed that the optimum turbine efficiency could be achieved for carefully selected combinations of the number of blade and Tip-Speed Ratio(TSR).

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.458-465
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• 2018

This study reports the fabrication of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) containing two kinds of functional groups: i) trimethylphosphite (TMP) and ii) trimethylamine (TMA). We carried out the synthesis of polymers to enhance thermal stability and ion conductivity. The alternative polymer was prepared using 2,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)propane and decafluorobiphenyl. The membrane was fabricated by solution casting method. The thermal stability of membranes was examined by TGA. The physiochemical properties of membranes were also investigated in terms of water uptake, swelling ratio, ion exchange capacity, and ion conductivity. The hydroxide ion conductivity of the membranes reached about 20.2 mS/cm for quaternary ammonium poly(arylene ether) (QA-PAE) containing TMA moiety and 5.1 mS/cm for quaternary phosphonium PAE (QP-PAE) containing TMP moiety at $90^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.13-19
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• 2005

The reaction of steam reforming of methane with commercial catalysts was conducted for thermochemical heat storage. The reaction conditions were investigated for temperature range of 700 to $900\;^{\circ}C$ and steam to carbon mole ratios between 3.0 and 5.0. The reactor was made of stainless steel and it's dimension was 12 cm inside diameter and 6cm long. The effects of space velocity and reactants mole ratio and temperature on the methane conversion and CO selectivity were examined. Optimum reaction condition was determined. There was not a significant difference of methane conversion and CO selectivity compared to conventional reactor.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.356-363
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• 2005

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the optimal condition of the Syngas production by reforming of fuel using plasmatron. Plasma was generated by air and arc discharge. The effects of applied steam, $CO_2$ or Ni-catalyst on fuel conversion, as well as hydrogen yield and $H_2$/CO ratio were studied. When the variations of $O_2$/fuel ratio, $H_2O$/fuel flow ratio and $CO_2$/fuel flow ratio were $0.94{\sim}1.48$, $4.3{\sim}10$ and $0.8{\sim}3.05$, respectively. Under the condition mentioned above, result of $H_2O$/fuel flow ratio was maximum $H_2$ concentration, or $28.2{\sim}31.6%$, and result of $H_2O$/fuel flow ratio with catalyst was minimum CO concentration or $6.6{\sim}7.1%$. and $H_2$/CO ratio were $3.89{\sim}4.86$.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.89-94
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• 2012

Pyrolysis/gasification technology utilizes an energy conversion technique from various waste resources, such as biomass, solid waste, sewage sludge, and etc. to generating a syngas (synthesis gas). However, one of the major problems for the pyrolysis gasification is the presence of tar in the product gas. The tar produced might cause damages and operating problems on the facility. In this study, a gliding arc plasma reformer was developed to solve the previously acknowledged issues. An experiment was conducted using surrogate benzene and naphthalene, which are generated during the pyrolysis and/or gasification, as the representative tar substance. To identify the characteristics of the influential parameters of tar decomposition, tests were performed on the steam feed amount (steam/carbon ratio), input discharge power (specific energy input, SEI), total feed gas amount and the input tar concentration. In benzene, the optimal operating conditions of the gliding arc plasma 2 in steam to carbon (S/C) ratio, 0.98 $kWh/m^3$ in SEI, 14 L/min in total gas feed rate and 3.6% in benzene concentration. In naphthalene, 2.5 in S/C ratio, 1 $kWh/m^3$ in SEI, 18.4 L/min in total gas feed rate and 1% in naphthalene concentration. The benzene decomposition efficiency was 95%, and the energy efficiency was 120 g/kWh. The naphthalene decomposition efficiency was 79%, and the energy yield was 68 g/kWh.