• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.166-172
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• 2006

Metallized Polyimide films are extensively used as base materials in microelectronics, optical and automotive applications. However it is difficult to deposit metals on those because of their structural stabilities. In this work, polyimide films are modified by a wet process with alkalinemetalhydroxide and additives to introduce functional groups. The surface molecular structures of polyimide are investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), fourier transform infrared reflection spectroscopy(FTIR-ATR), atomic force micro-scopic(AFM). XPS spectra and FTIR spectra show that the surface structure of polyimide is converted into potassium polyamate. AFM image and AFM cross-sectional analyses reveal the increased roughness on the modified surface of polyimide films. As a result, it is shown that the adhesion strength between polyimide surface and electroless nickel layer is increased by the nano-anchoring effect.

• Carbon letters
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• 제26권
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• pp.107-111
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• 2018

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.914-922
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• 2003

The FFS (fringe-field switching) mode was known to exhibit both a wide viewing angle and high transmittance, especially when using a liquid crystal with negative dielectric anisotropy. We have studied cell gap-dependent electrode-optic characteristics of the FFS mode using the LC with negative dielectric anisotropy. In case of a small cell gap of 2 ${\mu}$m, the transmittance at the center of pixel and common electrodes is relatively low because effect of surface anchoring that holds the LC to the initial state is larger than that in a large cell gap of 4 .urn such that the LCs in those regions cannot rotate enough. However, in case of a large cell gap of 4 .urn, the effect of surface anchoring becomes relatively small so that the LCs at the center of pixel and common electrode can be twisted enough by applied voltage, giving rise to high transmittance. Therefore, we can conclude that the light efficiency is dependent on the cell gap.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.259-275
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• 2021

This study analyzed the decision-making process in ship finance for the choice between fixed and floating interest rates using behavioral finance theories. Results confirmed that causes and background of decision-making processes could be explicitly explained by the framework of behavioral finance theories. This study also determined whether decisions were irrational. A case-study research was applied as the methodology. Decision-making data on ship finance collected through narrative and questionnaire responses were analyzed and evaluated using behavioral finance theories. Theories of behavioral finance used in the analysis and research of this study included availability heuristic, anchoring effect, and opportunity cost theory. Narrative and survey responses were clearly explained by theories of behavioral finance. It was found that a shipping company suffered additional losses owing to decisions that included behavioral finance errors. Behavioral finance theories largely influenced the decision-making process of choosing between a fixed interest rate and a floating interest rate. Shipping finance decisions related to interest rate selections could be clearly explained by behavioral finance theories. Errors related to behavioral finance could result in irrational decisions. Thus, managers who are responsible for shipping finance should remain vigilant toward any behavioral finance errors when making shipping finance decisions.

• 폴리머
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.104-110
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• 2012

LCD 컬러필터에서 안료의 분산은 컬러 강도를 증가시키는 중요한 요소이므로, 안료를 분산시키기 위한 안료 분산제의 첨가는 필수적이라 할 수 있다. 안료 분산제로서의 고분자는 안료와의 친화성을 가지는 anchoring group과 매체와의 혼화성을 가지는 stabilizing group을 포함하고 있다. 원자 이동 라디칼 중합은 잘 규정된 고분자 합성을 가능하게 하는 중합법으로, 이러한 구조를 포함하는 고분자형 안료 분산제를 얻기 위한 적절한 수단이 될 수 있다. Anchor로서 (2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate를, stabilizer로서 oligo(ethylene oxide)methyl ether methacrylate를 각각 선택해 고분자 분산제를 합성하였다. 고분자의 구조 및 조성이 안료 분산에 미치는 영향을 연구하기 위해 다양한 길이의 stabilizing group을 가지는 diblock copolymer를 합성하여 비교하였다.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.59-84
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• 2005

보통 사람들이 보이는 인지적 방략(cognitive heuristic)인 정박 방략(anchoring heuristic), 대표성 방략(representativeness heuristic), 그리고 사고 틀 효과(framing effect)가 고도의 판단 전문가인 현역 판사들의 의사결정 과정과 대학생들로 구성된 집단의 의사결정 과정에서도 발견되는지를 알아보기 위해 세 개의 연구가 수행되었다. 연구1에서는 한국의 법률상황에 맞는 시나리오를 구성하여, 전문영역에서 많은 경험과 정형화된 훈련을 통해 증거를 평가하는 고도의 판단 전문가인 158명의 현역판사들의 의사결정 과정에서도 이러한 인지적 방략이 발견되는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 2에서는 토의과정을 거쳐서 만장일치에 의해 도출되는 집단적 판단에서도 인지적 방략의 효과가 발생할 것인가를 검증해 보고자 하였다. 연구 3에서는 연구 2의 집단판단에 관한 결과를 보다 명확히 해석하기 위한 목적으로 일반인들의 개인판단을 알아보았다. 연구 1의 결과, 현역 판사들의 판단에서는 '저 정박점'에 의한 정박 방략 효과가 강하게 나타나는 것이 확인되었으나, '고 정박점'에 의한 정박 방략 효과는 나타나지 않았다. 사고 틀 효과는 전혀 발견되지 않았으며, 판사들의 사후확률 추론은 조건확률보다는 사전확률에 의해 더 크게 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 연구 2와 연구3의 결과에 따르면, 정방 방략 효과는 개인판단과 집단판단에서 모두 나타났으나, 개인판단보다 집단판단에서 더 크게 나타났다. 사고 틀 효과는 개인판단에서 부분적으로 나타났으나, 집단판단에서는 전혀 나타나지 않았다. 대표성 방략 효과는 현역판사의 판단과 모의배심 판단에서 모두 발견되지 않았다. 각 연구의 결과가 사법제도에 대하여 가지는 시사점이 논의되었다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.1231-1240
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• 2021

A shift in perspective from standard finance to behavioral finance has taken place in the past two decades that explains how cognition and emotions are associated with financial decision making. This study aims to investigate the influence of various psychological factors on investment decision-making. The psychological factors that are investigated are differentiated into two aspects, cognitive and emotional aspects. From the cognitive aspect, we examine the influence of anchoring, representativeness, loss aversion, overconfidence, and optimism biases on investor decisions. Meanwhile, from the emotional aspect, the influence of herding behavior on investment decisions is analyzed. A quantitative approach is used based on a survey method and a snowball sampling that result in 165 questionnaires from individual investors in Yogyakarta. Further, we use the One-Sample t-test in testing all hypotheses. The research findings show that all of the variables, anchoring bias, representativeness bias, loss aversion bias, overconfidence bias, optimism bias, and herding behavior have a significant effect on investment decisions. This result emphasizes the influence of behavioral factors on investor's decisions. It contributes to the existing literature in understanding the dynamics of investor's behaviors and enhance the ability of investors in making more informed decision by reducing all potential biases.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.241-246
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• 1999

In this study, we consider the effect of nonionic surfactants on the rheological responses of emulsion systems under the action of a uniform do electric field. The model emulsions consist of a less conducting dispersed phase and a more conducting continuous phase. When the shear flow is weak, the positive viscosity effect is produced due to the formation of chain-like morphology. The nonionic surfactants used here generate two distinctively different effects. Specifically, first, the steric hindrance induced by the surfactant molecules renders the structure unstable, and thereby reduces the degree of positive viscosity effect. Secondly, the presence of surfactant molecules also prevents the rotation of the dispersed droplets by anchoring across the interface or by decreasing the size of dispersed phase. The second effect suppresses the negative viscosity effect.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.30-37
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• 1992

The displacement and pressure field of liquid crystals are analyzed numerically and compared with classical Reynolds theory. A plane slider bearing is employed as a simple example considering elasticity, permeability and splay effect which are the inherent characteristics of layered liquid crystals. Due to the geometric constraint of thin wedge and the strong anchoring behavior of the liquid crystals dislocations are inevitable. A finite element method is used to solve five coupled nonlinear equations. The load characteristics based on the pressure distribution along the gap shows that the liquid crystals can carry large load compared to the conventional lubricants.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2005년도 International Meeting on Information Displayvol.I
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• pp.446-449
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• 2005

The alignment property of liquid crystals on the two-easy axes substrate is investigated. The two-easy axes substrate frustrates the orientation of the LCs next to the substrate, and hence influences the birefringence of the LC cell. Experimental findings reveal that the ratio of the rubbing strengths in the different rubbing directions and the cell thickness substantially influence the birefringence of the LC cell. The surface anchoring energetic competition between the different rubbing directions contributes to the observed results.