• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 1988

To study the effect of Sopoungwhalwheol-tang and Sopoungwhalwheol-tang with cheon chung on the "Tong poung" "yeouk Geul poung" inoriental medicine (Rheumatoid arthrits) measure cure effect on the Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory anti-phlogistic and concentration of albumin's Test. The results are Summarized as follows, 1. Sopoungwhalwheol-tang liquid reduced significantly the pain by acetic acid in accordance with the increase of double dosages, and Sopoungwhalwheol-tang with cheon chung (which was similar with Aspring Group) was more marked effective. 2. Sopoungwhalwheol-tang with cheon chung reduced the edema by carragenine and at 60 minutes, two groups all reduced the edema and at 180 minutes, Sopoungwhalwheol-tang was recognized some effectiveness and Sopoungwhalwheol-tang with cheon chung was recognized excellent effectiveness. 3. Sopoungwhalwheol-tang with cheon chung has more continued Antiphlogistic effect against the fever by yeast which was fallen after 60 minutes of prescription of medicine than Sopoungwhalwheol-tang. 4. Sopoungwhalwheol-tang with cheon chung was more effective against the concentration of albumin by $1\%$ bovine serum albumin than Sopoungwhalwheol-tang. 5. According to the above experiments. Sopoungwhalwheol-tang with cheon chung has greater anti-inflammatory, antiphlogistic Analgestic effect than Sopoungwhalwheol-tang.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.32 no.4 s.127
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• pp.330-337
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• 2001

Prickly pear(Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten Makino, Cactaceae) is a tropical or subtropical plant, which is widely used as folk medicine for burned wound, edema and indigestion. Screening on the biological properties of the fruits(OFS-Fr) and stems(OFS-St) of the plant was carried out to prove the pharmacological significance. By hot plate and acetic acid-inducing writhing methods, significant analgesic effects of OFS-Fr and OFS-St were found in mice and anti-edemic effect was observed in carrageenin-induced inflammatory rats. However, the extracts showed no significant actions on central and autonomic nervous system and blood circulatory system, which imply no toxic effects to animal.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.57-63
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• 2003

Background : This study was to investigate existing studies on the mushroom Phellinus linteus for possible applications in treating hard to cure diseases and uses in herbal acupuncture as the above is known to have an anti-cancer effects and stimulating the immune system. Results : Based on the literary consideration, the following results were obtained : 1. Proteins and polysaccharides of the Class Basidiomycetes activate the host immune system for anti-cancer action without known side effects, thus it can be given for the prevention and treatment of cancer as a supplement. Phellinus linteus mushroom showed the most significant effects. 2. The Phellinus linteus mushroom is a fungi in the family Hymenochaetaceae and Phellinus, under the class Basidiomycetes. Phellinus linteus can be often found on the trunk of mulberry trees and other latifoliate trees. 3. The characteristics of Phellinus linteus are sweet, neutral in temperature, non-toxic, dissipate the stagnated blood, stop bleeding, invigorate the blood circulation and remove stasis, and nourish qi. It has been used for treating continuous menstrual discharge among the female patients and removing masses in the abdomen to name a few. 4. Phellinus linteus contains agaric acid, fatty acid, C23 and other numerous enzymes. 5. Phellinus linteus is known to have anti-cancer and anti-oxidant effects, stimulation of the immune system, as well as anti-inflammatory effects, inhibition of angiogenesis, and analgesic actions.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 2013

Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) is one of the most widely used therapeutic agents based on its pharmacological actions, including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-pyretic, and anti-thrombotic effects. In this study, we investigated the effects of aspirin on seizure susceptibility and hippocampal neuropathology following pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE). SE was induced by pilocarpine hydrochloride (280 mg/kg, i.p.) administration in C57BL/6 mice (aged 8 weeks). Aspirin was administered daily (15 mg/kg or 150 mg/kg, i.p.) for 10 days starting 3 days before SE, continuing until 6 days after SE. After pilocarpine injection, SE onset time and mortality were recorded. Neuronal cell death was examined using cresyl violet and Fluoro-Jade staining, and glial responses were observed 7 days post SE using immunohistochemistry. In the aspirin-treated group, the onset time of SE was significantly shortened and mortality was markedly increased compared to the control group. However, in this study, aspirin treatment did not affect SE-induced neuronal cell death or astroglial and microglial responses in the hippocampus. In conclusion, these results suggest that the safety of aspirin should be reevaluated in some patients, especially with neurological disorders such as temporal lobe epilepsy.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.74-86
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• 2005

Background: There are increasing neuro-degenerative disorders with aging. Paeoniae Radix(PR) possesses various pharmacological effects such as sedative, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-stress and neuro-protective actions. Also antiaging and anti-cancer effects of PR were reported. Our purpose was to investigate whether PR is useful on the treatment of Parkinson's disease, one of the neuro-degenerative disorders. Objective: We investigated whether Paeonia Radix possesses a protective effect against 1-methyl-4 phenylpyridine(MPP+)-induced cytotoxicity in neuronal cells. Methods: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay, flow cytometry, DNA fragmentation assay, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR), and Western blotting were performed on SK-N-MC neuroblastoma cells. Results: Cells treated with MPP+ exhibited several apoptotic features, while cells pre-treated with Paeonia Radix prior to MPP+ exposure showed s decrease in the occurrence of apoptotic features. Conclusions: These results suggest that Paeonia Radix may exert a protective effect against MPP+-induced apoptosis in SK-N-MC neuroblastoma cells.

• CELLMED
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.7.1-7.8
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• 2022

The Unani System of Medicine (USM) is one of the traditional systems of medicine that deals with plants. Plants are large source of medicine. JIRJEER (Eruca sativa) is one of the plant origin drugs, has been used for various therapeutic purposes in USM. It contains Erucic acid (major contain), oleic acid, linoleic acid, saturated Fatty acids, Flavonoids, Phenolics, Glucosinolate, Vitamin C and Carotenoids. These active constituents are responsible for their actions described in Unani classical literature such as Muqqawwi-e-bah (Aphrodisiac), Muwallid-e-mani (Spermatomatogenic), Daf-e-sumoom (Antidote), Kasir-e-riyah (Carminative), Jaali (Cleanser/Detergent), Mudirr-e-bawl (Diuretic) wo Mudirr-e-hayd (Emmenogoggue), Muhammir (Rubefacient), Hazim (Digestive), Mulaiyan (Laxative), Muzliq-e-mani (Lubricant), Muddir-e-shir (Galactopoietic), Mufattih-e-Sudad (Deobstruent), Musakhin (Analgesic), Mulattif (Demulcent), Mufattit-i-hasah (Lithotriptic) and whole plant is considered as aphrodisiac. This is a review paper which discusses morphology, pharmacological action, ethno-medicinal and therapeutic uses of this medicinal plant in perspective of Unani medicine. This review has been done through online searches of databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, science direct and hand search for classical textbook available in different libraries. It concluded that JIRJEER (Eruca sativa) is one of the best herbal medicines in treatment of Antiulcer, Antibacterial, Fertility, Hepato-protective, Hyperlipidemic, Antioxidant, Antihypertensive, Anti-inflammatory and Anti-edema, Nephro-protective, Antidiabetic, Antifungal and Anticancer properties.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.199-205
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• 2009

Background: A major ingredient of green tea is epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), and this is known to have many beneficial effects for cancer prevention and also on the cardiovascular system and neurodegenerative diseases through its anti-oxidant, anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, lipid-lowering and neuroprotective properties. Its actions on nociception and the spinal nervous system have been examined in only a few studies, and in these studies EGCG showed an antinociceptive effect on inflammatory and neuropathic pain, and a neuroprotective effect in motor neuron disease. This study was performed to investigate the effect of EGCG on acute thermal pain and the development of morphine tolerance at the spinal level. Methods: The experimental subjects were male Sprague-Dawley rats and the Hot-Box test was employed. A single or double-lumen intrathecal catheter was implanted at the lumbar enlargement for drug administration. An osmotic pump was used to infuse morphine for 7 days for induction of morphine tolerance. EGCG was injected repeatedly for 7 days at twice a day through the intrathecal catheter. Results: Intrathecal EGCG increased the paw withdrawal latency (PWL) after repeated administration for 7 days at twice a day, but this did not happen with administering on single bolus injection of EGCG. In addition, the antinociceptive effect of intrathecal morphine was not affected by co-administration with EGCG. A continuous 7-day infusion of morphine caused a significant decrease of the PWL in the control group (M + S, morphine plus saline). In contrast, intrathecal EGCG injection over 7 days blocked the decrease of the PWL in the experiment group (M + E, morphine plus EGCG). Conclusions: Intrathecal ECGC produced a weak antinociceptive effect for acute thermal pain, but it did not change the morphine's analgesic effect. However, the development of antinociceptive tolerance to morphine was attenuated by administering intrathecal EGCG.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.7-11
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• 1985

The extract of Galgun-tang at oral doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg showed remarkable inhibition of 42.5% and 45.0%, respectively, on the carrageenin edema in rat paw. In case of combined oral administration of the extract at each dose of 100, 200 and 400mg/kg with 100mg/kg of aspirin, the inhibitions were 70.5%, 83.6% and 80.7% respectively. These results showed the remarkable effects as compared with those of aspirin which showed 50.3% and 69.4% of inhibition at doses of 100 and 200mg/kg, respectively. On the other hand, on the writhing syndrome in mice induced by 0.7% acetic acid solution, the oral administration of the extract showed remarkable inhibition of 18.5 and 47.7% at doses of 200 and 400mg/kg, respectively. In case of combined oral administration of the extract at each dose of 100, 200 and 400mg/kg with 100mg/kg of aspirin, the inhibition percentages of writhing syndromes were 66.6, 72.3 and 80.8, respectively, whereas the inhibition at doses of 100 and 200mg/kg of aspirin showed 59.9 and 69.5%, respectively.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.262-267
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• 2006

The term temporomandibular disorders is used to describe a group of conditions that involve the temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles, and associated structures. Many modalities have been proposed for treating temporomandibular disorders, including medication, physical therapy, occlusal stabilization splints with or without manual repositioning, surgery, and arthrocentesis. Temporomandibular disorders are treated in a step-wise manner. Initially, conservative treatment is used. Depending on the response, more aggressive interventions may be necessary. This usually takes the form of arthrocentesis. Arthrocentesis is used in the treatment of not only acute, closed, and locked TMJs but also various other temporomandibular disorders. Recently, the intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate after arthrocentesis was shown to have long-term palliative effects on TMJ symptoms. Synovial fluid consists of plasma and glycosaminoglycan, including hyaluronic acid derived from synovial cells. Sodium hyaluronate, the sodium salt of hyaluronic acid, is a high-molecular-weight polysaccharide and a major component of synovial fluid. This highly viscous substance has analgesic properties, lubricant effects, and anti-inflammatory actions; it causes cartilage formation and plays a role in the nutrition of avascular parts of the disc and condylar cartilage. We conclude that the intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate is effective for treating temporomandibular disorders.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.12-17
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• 1985

The extract of Mawhang-tang showed considerable inhibition of 70.7 and 57.2% at oral doses of 200 and 400mg/kg, respectively, on carrageenin edema in rat paw. In case of combined oral administration of the extract at each dose of 100, 200 and 400mg/kg with 100mg/kg of aspirin, the inhibition percentages were 78.2, 87.2 and 72.5%, respectively. The combined oral administration of 200mg/kg of the extract with 200mg/kg of aspirin exhibited 87.6% inhibition of the edema. On the writhing syndrome induced by 0.7% acetic acid solution, the oral administration of 200mg/kg of the extract with 200mg/kg of aspirin showed remarkable inhibition of 90.3%. In the inhibitory effect of the leakage of dye into peritoneal cavity were shown to be 51.9, 56.6 and 58.1% at the combined administration of the extract at the doses of 100, 200 and 400mg/kg with 100mg/kg of aspirin, respectively.