• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보교육학회 2021년도 학술논문집
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• pp.149-157
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• 2021

2022년 개정 교육과정에 인공지능 교육 도입을 앞두고 인공지능을 학습 소재로 한 다양한 수업들이 개발되어야 하는 시점이다. 본 연구에서는 설계기반연구를 활용하여 설명가능한 인공지능을 기반한 인공지능 교육 프로그램을 개발하였다. 인공지능의 기초, 활용, 윤리 세 분야를 골고루 포괄하며 실생활 사례와도 쉽게 연결시킬 수 있는 설명가능한 인공지능을 핵심 주제로 설정하였다. 일반적인 설계기반연구(Design-based research, DBR)에서는 3차 이상의 반복적인 과정이 이루어지지만 본 연구 결과는 1차 설계, 적용 및 평가에 대한 결과를 바탕으로 연구가 진행되었다. 추후 학교 현장에 적용하여 3차 수정 및 보완을 바탕으로 더욱 완성된 설명가능한 인공지능을 주제로 한 프로그램을 개발하고자 한다. 본 연구가 학교 현장에 도입되는 인공지능 교육의 발전에 도움이 되기를 기대한다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제62권1호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2019

Objective : This study is a retrospective cost-benefit analysis of cervical anterior interbody fusion and cervical artificial disc replacement, which are the main surgical methods to treat degenerative cervical disc disease. Methods : We analyzed 156 patients who underwent anterior cervical disc fusion and cervical artificial disc replacement from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2009, diagnosed with degenerative cervical disc disorder. In this study, the costs and benefits were analyzed by using quality adjusted life year (QALY) as the outcome index for patients undergoing surgery, and a Markov model was used for the analysis. Only direct medical costs were included in the analysis; indirect medical costs were excluded. Data were analyzed with TreeAge Pro $2015^{TM}$ (TreeAge Software, Inc, Williamstown, MA, USA). Results : Patients who underwent cervical anterior fusion had a total cost of KRW 2501807/USD 2357 over 5 years and obtained a utility of 3.72 QALY. Patients who underwent cervical artificial disc replacement received 4.18 QALY for a total of KRW 3685949/USD 3473 over 5 years. The cumulative cost-effectiveness ratio of cervical spine replacement surgery was KRW 2549511/QALY (USD 2402/QALY), which was lower than the general Korean payment standard. Conclusion : Both cervical anterior fusion and cervical artificial disc replacement are cost-effective treatments for patients with degenerative cervical disc disease. Cervical artificial disc replacement may be an effective alternative to obtain more benefits.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2002년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.333-337
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• 2002

All the outdoor and indoor spaces are connected with each other. The human being moves toward those spaces and experiences temperature fluctuation between the natural and artificial temperature. We conducted an experiment which subjects are the college students wearing the data logger in urban life, and measured 24 hours' exposed temperature and thermal comfort in summer. Results were as follows. 1. Most subjects get weather information(84.6％). Fashion(46.2％) and weather (30.8％) are the reasons to select clothes. They spend their time in indoor environment for 84.92％ hours of a day and have an air-conditioner(61.5％) in their houses. 2. Exposed temperature fluctuation were from 33.8$^{\circ}C$ to 15.6$^{\circ}C$. The median value of experienced temperature were 26-27$^{\circ}C$ and average temperature was 26.3$^{\circ}C$. Subjects experienced cold shock of 3.96 times in a day and 67.21％ of all evaluated thermal comfort in the range of -1 and 1 by ASHRAE 7 Category Scales. Artificial environment which connected with outside let people experienced temperature fluctuation in wide range.

• International Journal of Stem Cells
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.283-290
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• 2022

Background and Objectives: Difficulties often encountered in separating and purifying active muscle satellite cells (MSCs) from skeletal muscle tissues have limited the supply of cells for muscle therapy and artificial meat production. Here, we report an effective isolation protocol to economically and conveniently retrieve active MSCs from skeletal muscle tissues in mice. Methods and Results: We optimized an enzyme-based tissue digestion protocol for isolating skeletal muscle-derived primary cell population having a large number of active MSCs and described a method of differential plating (DP) for improving purity of active MSCs from skeletal muscle-derived primary cell population. Then, the age of the mouse appropriate to the isolation of a large number of active MSCs was elucidated. The best isolation yield of active MSCs from mouse skeletal muscle tissues was induced by the application of DP method to the primary cell population harvested from skeletal muscle tissues of 2-week-old mice digested in 0.2% (w/v) collagenase type II for 30 min at 37℃ and then in 0.1% (w/v) pronase for 5 min at 37℃. Conclusions: The protocol we developed not only facilitates the isolation of MSCs but also maximizes the retrieval of active MSCs. Our expectation is that this protocol will contribute to the development of original technologies essential for muscle therapy and artificial meat industrialization in the future.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.209-217
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• 2023

Objective: The conservation of Bali bulls, the Indonesian native breed of cattle, is crucial for cattle breeding in Indonesia. To guarantee the spread of Bali bulls through artificial insemination the quality of the frozen semen must be high. To this end, adding an extender material to semen that increases spermatozoa's survival during cryopreservation is important. Green tea extract (GTE) can be used as cryoprotectant because its high antioxidant activity can help avoid reactive oxygen species formation. Methods: Semen of five Bali bulls from the National Artificial Insemination Center at Singosari, Indonesia was collected routinely twice a week. First, fresh semen inspection was performed to determine the feasibility of using Bali bulls as animal samples. The extender used in this study was Tris-based egg yolk. The samples were divided into four treatments: T0, no GTE added to the extender; T1, 0.05 mg GTE plus 100 mL extender; T2, 0.10 mg GTE plus 100 mL extender; and T3, 0.15 mg GTE plus 100 mL extender. The semen freezing process was conducted according to standard procedures and sperm quality parameters, i.e., sperm motility, viability, abnormalities, and membrane integrity observed pre-freezing and post-thawing. Results: There were significant differences in total motility, progressive motility, viability, and integrity membrane of Bali bull sperm at both pre-freezing and post-thawing after adding GTE into the extender. In contrast, there were no differences in abnormalities among treatments. Conclusion: Adding GTE at a 0.15 mg into 100 mL Tris-based egg yolk extender can improve the quality of cryopreserved Bali bull sperm.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.505-508
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• 2022

인공지능은 존재 자체로서 기술의 약진이라는 가치를 가지며, 여러 산업 분야에 이용되어 각종 산업에서 생산하는 상품 및 서비스의 부가 가치를 증진시키는 역할을 한다. 따라서 인공지능과 관련된 규제와 정책에 대해서 보다 넓은 시각에서 고려되어야 한다. 그러나 연구자 간 이해도가 상이하며, 어떻게 인공지능을 규제할지에 대한 합의는 이뤄지지 않고 있다. 이에 인공지능 기술에 대한 정부규제 방향을 탐색적으로 고찰해 본다. 먼저 인공지능 규제의 목표로 책무성, 투명성, 안정성, 공정성을 도출하고 규제 범위로 시스템 자체, 개발과정 및 활용 과정을 설정하며, 이용자와 개발자가 규제의 준수 대상임을 보인다. 본 연구의 학술적 의의는 인공지능 현재 기술수준을 분석하여 이를 바탕으로 향후 일관된 인공지능 규제 논의의 기반을 마련한 것으로 볼 수 있다. 인공지능 개발에서 응용에 이르는 생애주기를 고려할 때, 중요한 것은 인공지능 산업을 촉진하기 위한 진흥 정책과 그에 따른 리스크에 대해 대응하는 규제 정책의 균형이다. 개발자, 기업 및 사용자 등 모든 참여 주체에게 긍정적인 방향으로 인공지능이 수용될 수 있는 체계를 마련하는 것이 인공지능과 관련된 법학의 목표이다.

• 약학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.347-353
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• 2000

To examine influence of artificial digestive juice on the antitumor activity of Ganoderma lucidum-A(GL-A), protein-bound polysaccharide from Ganoderma lucidum, we compared the digested protein-bound polysaccharide with undigested one both on immunopotentiating activity and influence of digestive juices. Protein-bound polysaccharide GL-B was obtained by digesting the antitumor component GL-A with artificial digestive Juices in vitro. When GL-A was administered orally to sarcoma 180 tumor-bearing ICR mice, the life prolonging effect was exhibited in a dose dependent manner Not only GL-A but GL-B increased the production of colony forming unit (CFU) to 10- and 8-fold of that of the control, respectively. Both of the protein-bound polysaccharides also showed the secretion of nitric oxide in RAW 264.7 cell lines to 3.5-and 3.7-fold of that of the control, respectively: GL-A activated components of the alternative complement pathway, whereas GL-B did not. In humoral immunity GL-A increased the activity of alkaline phosphatase in differentiated B cells to 3 times and GL-B to 4 times of that of the control. These results showed that the artificial digestive juices had no influence on the antitumor activity of the protein-bound polysaccharide from Ganoderma lucidum and that its immunomodulating activity retained after treatment with artificial digestive juice. And this provides a basis of the protein-bound polysaccharide of Ganoderma lucidum as an peroral anticancer drug.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.170-176
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• 2022

Cell separation from a heterogenous mixture sample is an essential process for downstream analysis in biological, chemical, and clinical applications. This study demonstrates an integrated hybrid device of the viscoelastic focusing in a straight rectangular channel and subsequent size-based separation using acoustophoresis to attain high efficiency and separation tunability. For particle pre-alignment in a viscoelastic fluid, the flow rate higher than 10 μl/min was required. Surface acoustic wave-based lateral migration of particles with different sizes (13 and 27 ㎛) was examined at various applied voltages and flow rate conditions. Therefore, the flow rate of 100 μl/min and the applied voltage of 20 V_pp can be used for size-based particle separation.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.1879-1885
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• 2021

Objective: Owing to the lack of a breeding index for efficient and quick fertility evaluations of Holstein bulls when using traditional or genome-wide detection methods, this study aimed to determine whether in vitro fertilization (IVF) could be used as an indicator of conception rate of artificial insemination (AI). Methods: Conventional and sexed frozen semen from nine bulls were used for IVF and AI. Results: The IVF and AI conception rates of each bull were confirmed to be positively correlated between the conventional frozen and sexed frozen semen. The correlation coefficient R values of nine bulls between IVF and AI methods were 0.73 and 0.97 for the conventional frozen and sexed frozen semen, respectively. The average conception rate of three bulls undergoing AI was 69.5% and 64.2%, 61.8% and 58.8%, and 48.2% and 46.2% in first-, second-, and third-born cows when conventional frozen and sexed frozen semen were used, respectively, which showed a positive correlation with the fertilization rate in the same parity. We propose an evaluation standard to assess the fertilization ability of bulls based on their IVF test results, which is categorized into three grades: grade one, normal fertility bull with an AI conception rate of 40%±5% and IVF rate of 45% to 60%; grade two, higher fertility bull with an AI conception rate of 50%±5% and IVF rate of 61% to 80%; and grade three, highest fertility bull with an AI conception rate of 60%±5% and IVF rate of >80%. Conclusion: These findings reveal that IVF results can be used as a breeding index for bulls to evaluate their AI conception ability, which may shorten the time required to select bulls for breeding.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 2000년도 THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY ENGINEERING. V.III
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• pp.707-714
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• 2000

For self-guiding track-type orchard sprayer, a low-cost steering controller was developed using two ultrasonic sensors, two DC motors and 80196kc microprocessor. The operating principle of controller was to travel the sprayer between artificial targets such as wood stick placed every 1 m along both sides of the demanded path of speed sprayer. Measuring distances to both targets ahead with the ultrasonic sensors mounted on the front end of sprayer, the controller could determine how much offset the position of sprayer was laterally. Then the steering angle was calculated to actuate DC motors connected to the steering clutches, where the fuzzy control algorithm was used. Equipped with the controller developed in this research, the sprayer could be traveled along demanded path, the centerline between targets, at speeds of up to 0.4m/sec with an accuracy of ${\pm}$20cm.