• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제22권11호
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• pp.1465-1471
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• 2013

To develop the protein materials by the reutilization of dead flatfish from fish farms in Jeju island, the physicochemical characteristics and the functional activities of collagen peptide extracts were investigated. Flatfish skin collagen peptide (FSCP) and flatfish protein hydrolysate (FPH) were manufactured from dead flatfish. The differences of pH, moisture and fat contents between FSCP and FPH were not significant, fat contents were analyzed less than 0.3%, and trans-fat, saturated fat and cholesterol were not detected in both samples. Protein contents of FSCP and FPH showed about 92% and 95%, respectively. In the analysis of amino acids, glycine and hydroxy proline content in FSCP was 24.22% and 6.15%, respectively, showed a typical characteristics of the collagen protein, but essential amino acids contents such as threonine, valine, methionine, isoleusine, leusine and phenylalanine were relatively higher than those of FPH. Average molecular weight of FSCP was measured as 1,102 which was almost equal value with that of tuna collagen peptide. The antioxidant activities and functional properties showed high but did not show significant difference between two samples.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2002

본 연구는 닭고기의 중량별 영양적인 특성을 규명하고자 현재 국내에서 유통되고 있는 5호∼16호의 중량규격으로 분류하여 닭고기에 대한 지방산 및 아미노산 조성, 콜라겐 함량에 대하여 분석하였다. 가슴육의 지방산 조성에 있어서 포화지방산과 불포화지방산의 비율은 닭고기의 도체 중량에 따라 큰 변화는 나타내지 않았으나 n6 계열지방산/n3 계열지방산의 비율은 중량이 증가할수록 감소하였으며 특히 15호에서는 6 : 1까지 저하되어 세계보건기구(WHO)에서 권유하고 있는 5 : 1에 근접하였다. Eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)는 5호부터 9호에서는 검출되지 않았으나 10호부터 검출되어 15호의 EPA함량은 0.43%으로 비교적 높은 수치를 나타냈다. Docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)는 13호 까지는 미검출되었으나 14호부터 검출되어 15호의 DHA 함량은 0.94%를 나타내었다. 아미노산에서 닭고기의 맛에 영향을 미친다는 glutamic acid의 함량은 전체적으로2.94∼3.59%의 분포를나타내었으며 닭고기의 중량이 증가할수록 유의적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 그리고 methionine 등 여러가지 아미노산들도 중량이 증가할수록 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 콜라겐의 함량은 유통 규격별(5호∼16호)로 일정한 분포를 나타내지 않았으며, 부분육에 있어서는 가슴살이나 날개살 보다 다리살에서 높은 분포를 나타내었다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.457-466
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• 2009

This study is manufacturing method and analysis of feasibility about collagen peptide from fish scale. This is processed by enzyme hydrolysis, isolating and refining etc. The results of analysis of nutritional composition showed protein content of collagen peptide. In the analysis of constitutive amino acids, the ratio of contents of hydroxyproline and glycine, the characteristics of collagen peptides appeared similar and the contents of glutamic acid and aspartic acid which are involved in protein metabolism. As a result of measurement of total polyphenol content and total flavonoid, it showed that collagen peptide had more contents generally, and the effect of bioactivity of pig-skin collagen peptide appeared higher although different kinds of scale collagen peptide showed a little DPPH radical scavenging ability, total antioxidant capacity by ABTS, ACE inhibitory.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.717-724
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• 2013

To characterize the food components of two mussels (wild hard-shelled mussel (HM) Mytilus coruscus, and cultured sea mussel (SM) Mytilus edulis) in Korea, we examined the proximate composition, fatty composition, amino acid/mineral content, texture, collagen content and chemical and taste compounds. Regarding the proximate composition, HM had lower moisture levels and higher crude protein and carbohydrate contents than SM. The amino nitrogen, volatile basic nitrogen and total amino acid contents of HM and SM were 250.6 and 227.3 mg/100 g, 11.2 and 12.0 mg/100 g, and 17,451.1 and 15,334.8 mg/100 g, respectively. The major amino acids were glutamic acid, aspartic acid, glycine, alanine, lysine and arginine. The major fatty acids of HM and SM were 14:0, 16:0, 16:1n-7, 20:5n-3, and 22:6n-3, which did not differ significantly between the two mussels. HM had a higher n-3 polyene ratio, and a lower saturate and monoene ratio than SM. Regarding the taste-active compounds, the free amino acid contents of HM and SM were 1,116.5 and 961.8 mg/100 g, respectively, and the major free amino acids were taurine, glutamic acid, glutamine, glycine, citrulline, lysine and arginine. The primary minerals in both HM and SM were Na, Cl, K and P which did not differ significantly between the two mussels. The soluble and insolube collagen contents of HM and SM were 265.8 and 228.4 mg/100 g, and 119.5 and 121.8 mg/100 g, respectively.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.474-480
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• 2013

This study was performed to investigate the effects of high pressure/high temperature (HPHT) treatment on the recovery efficiency and characteristics of porcine placenta hydrolysates. The placenta hydrolysates were characterized by solubility, free amino acid contents, gel electrophoresis, gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and amino acid composition. Placenta was treated at 37.5 MPa of pressure combined with various temperatures (150, 170, and $200^{\circ}C$) or various holding times (0, 30, and 60 min at $170^{\circ}C$). Insoluble raw placenta collagen was partially solubilized (> 60% solubility) by the HPHT treatment. Free amino group content of placenta collagen was increased from 0.1 mM/g collagen to > 0.3 mM/g collagen after HPHT treatment, reflecting partial hydrolysis of collagen. The molecular weight ($M_w$) distribution showed evidence of collagen hydrolysis by shifting of $M_w$ peaks toward low molecular weight when treated temperature or holding time was increased. Alanine (Ala), glycine (Gly), hydroxyproline (Hyp), and proline (Pro) contents increased after the HPHT treatments compared to a decrease in the others. In particular, the increase in Gly was obvious, followed by Hyp and Pro, reflecting that placenta hydrolysates were mainly composed of these amino acids. However, increasing temperature or holding time hardly affected the amino acid compositions. These results indicate that the HPHT treatment is advantageous to hydrolyze collagen derived from animal by-products.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.1638-1644
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• 2001

The objective of this research was to evaluate alternative treatments for the best extraction condition for collagen from chicken feet. Various properties such as chemical composition, amino acid, pH, swelling percentage, yield and pure collagen, collagen loss, color (Hunter L, a and b) and electrophoresis of collagen from chicken feet treated by 5% acids (acetic acid, citric acid. hydrochloric acid and lactic acid) and soaking times (12, 24, 36 and 48 h) were evaluated. The crude protein, fat, ash and moisture contents of chicken feet was 17.42, 12.04, 5.98 and 62.05%, respectively. Amino acid composition of collagen from chicken feet indicated that the protein of collagen was markedly hydrolized by the hydrochloric acid treatment. The result of electrophoresis also supported this phenomenon. Both the swelling percentage of lactic acid and citric acid treatments were significantly higher than that of acetic acid and HC1 treatment. The pH of the acid treatments ranged from 2.43-3.62. According to the result of yield, pure collagen and loss of collagen, the best condition of extracting collagen from chicken feet was soaked in 5% lactic acid for 36 h. However, a brighter yellow color of collagen from all treatments was observed with a longer soaking time.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.441-450
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• 2013

전복의 기능성과 성분에 대한 연구와 한국 전복의 지역별 성분특성에 대한 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 한국의 주요 전복 생산지인 완도를 중심으로 남쪽인 제주도와 북쪽인 흑산도 전복의 육과 내장에 대하여 일반성분, 미네랄, 아미노산, 지방산 및 콜라겐 함량을 비교 분석하였다. 전복내장 중의 수분과 단백질 함량은 전복육에 비하여 낮은 경향을 보였으나 지방과 탄수화물 함량은 더 높았다. 지역간 전복의 일반성분과 미네랄 함량은 다소 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으며 수온이 낮은 지역일수록 지방함량이 약간 높았다. 전복내장의 구성아미노산 함량은 93.6~127.02 mg/g이었으며 이는 전복육의 평균 145 mg/g에 비해 낮은 편이었다. 반면에 전복내장의 유리아미노산 함량은 16.81~20.10 mg/g으로 전복육의 7.90~10.59 mg/g에 비하여 2배 높은 값을 보였다. 전복육의 총 구성아미노산 지역별 차이는 없으며 전복내장의 결과를 살펴볼 때 완도와 흑산도 높고 제주도 낮은 것을 나타났다. 전복육 총 유리아미노산은 완도 전복은 가장 높았으며 이어서 흑산도와 제주도 순이었고 내장의 경우는 완도, 제주도와 흑산도 순으로 총 유리아미노산 함량이 낮아졌다. 전복육의 지방산조성은 불포화지방산이 약 41%로 포화지방산 약 31%에 비하여 높았으며, 전복육보다 전복내장이 높은 결과를 보였다. 콜라겐 함량은 완도 전복육에서 $2.26{\pm}0.46mg/g$으로 가장 높았으며 이어서 제주도와 흑산도 순이었다. 전복내장에서는 $0.20{\pm}0.03{\sim}0.37{\pm}0.15mg/g$으로 전복육보다 낮은 값을 보였다. 본 연구 결과는 향후 전복에 관한 연구에서 유용한 정보로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.486-493
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• 2017

The effects of slaughter age (28, 32, or 38 mon) on the proximate composition, collagen content, fatty acid composition, amino acid content, and mineral contents of horse leg bone (femur and tibia) extracts (HLBE) obtained from Jeju crossbred horses (n=14) in Korea. HLBE was extracted for 24 h with boiling water. At those ages, the respective proximate compositions of the HLBE were found as follows: 5.20-6.42% crude protein; fat 0.61-1.65% crude; and 0.10-0.22% crude ash. At 32 and 38 mon, the HLBE showed higher levels of both crude protein and collagen than at 28 mon. The major fatty acids of the horse leg bone extract powder (HLBP) were palmitic acid and oleic acid. Palmitoleic acid and the essential fatty acids were higher in the HLBP at 38 mon compared to that at 28 mon. Nearly all the amino acids were found at higher levels in the HLBP at 38 mon than at 28 mon, except histidine. The P, K, Zn, Se and Fe contents in the HLBP increased significantly with age. These results suggest that some nutrients in the HLBE increase with age, and that extracts from horses older than 32 mon would be more nutritious for human consumers.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.679-692
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• 2018

The effects of high-pressure processing (HPP) treatment on the quality characteristics of low graded Hanwoo beef marinated with five different sauces (soy, fish, fish-soy, soy-fish and fish-soy-meat sauces) obtained from Asian countries were studied. The Hanwoo beef striploins were marinated with the aforementioned sauces (at ratio: 3:1 w/w) for 3 days at $4^{\circ}C$ before they were treated with HPP at 550 MPa for 5 min at $10^{\circ}C$. All the sauces used were equalized to a same salt level of 12.5%, and the samples marinated with a 12.5% brine solution were served as a control. After treating with the HPP, all the samples were stored for further 7 days at $4^{\circ}C$ for analyses. Results revealed that HPP treatments showed some effects on technological quality traits (pH, cooking loss and color) but had no effect on the collagen contents of the marinated beef. Noticeably, the HPP treatment led to the increases in amounts of free amino acids associated with monosodium glutamate-like taste and sweet taste in the samples marinated with fish sauce or soy-fish sauce, fish-soy sauce and fish-soy-meat sauce whereas, it only reduced these amino acids in the samples marinated with soy sauce or control. Furthermore, the total bacteria count in all the marinated beef samples treated with HPP were significantly (p<0.05) lower than those of the non-HPP-treated samples throughout the storage periods. It is concluded that HPP could be applied for enhancing the taste-active compounds production such as free amino acids, and improving the shelflife stability of the marinated beef.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.249-256
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• 2019

Objective: The present study aimed at comparing the nutritional composition and color traits between two meat types: Horse meat and pork from Korean native black pigs raised in Jeju Island. Methods: After slaughter 24 h, the longissimus dorsi samples were taken from left side carcasses of the 32-mo-old Jeju female breed horses and the 6-mo-old Korean native black pigs (n = 10 each). The samples were then placed into cool boxes containing ice packs and transported to the Laboratory of Meat Science where all visual fats and connective tissues were trimmed off and then the samples were ground. All the samples were analyzed for nutritional composition (proximate composition, minerals, vitamins, fatty acids, and amino acids) and color traits. Results: The horse meat contained significantly higher collagen, moisture and protein than the pork (p<0.05). The Jeju horse meat showed more desirable fatty acid profiles such as containing significantly lower saturated fatty acids (SFA), higher polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) contents and PUFA/SFA ratios than the pork (p<0.05). Differences in concentrations of ten amino acids existed between the two meat types in which the horse meat had higher values for all these amino acids, total amino acids (20.33 g/100 g) and essential amino acids (10.06 g/100 g) than the pork (p<0.05). Also, the horse meat showed significantly higher concentrations of Fe (34.21 mg/100 g) and Cu (2.47 mg/100 g) than the pork (Fe, 17.42 mg/100 g and Cu, 1.51 mg/100 g) (p<0.05). All the vitamins detected showed statistical differences between the two meat types in which the horse meat had higher concentrations of vitamin B1 (25.19 mg/100 g), B2 (92.32 mg/100 g), B3 (2,115.51 mg/100 g), and B5 (67.13 mg/100 g) than the pork (p<0.05). Conclusion: Based on the results obtained in the study, it is concluded that the two meat types studied are rich in nutrients and the animal species strongly affected the nutritional values and color traits of the muscle tissues.