• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.637-652
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• 2012

The protector with the shape of '${\sqcap}$' in cross section can be set up in the tunnel, which can be constructed for enlargement of cross section, to keep traffic flow in the tunnel. It is impossible to install the rockbolt in the side wall of tunnel due to a limited space between the protector and cutting surface of side wall. The objective of this study is to suggest the optimum thickness of shotcrete lining without rockbolt on the side wall and to evaluate the stability of tunnel enlarged. Numerical analysis was performed to evaluate the displacement at the center of tunnel, the convergence of tunnel, and the stress in shotcrete lining in 4-lane NATM road tunnel enlarged from 3-lane NATM road tunnel. The vertical displacement at the center of tunnel and the convergence of crown in the tunnel with rockbolt in the side wall were almost similar to those in the tunnel without rockbolt in the side wall. The convergence of bench/invert and the stress in shotcrete lining without rockbolt on the side wall were greater maximum 0.57 mm and 1,300 kN/$m^2$ than those with rockbolt in the side wall. The increased convergence and the stress in shotcrete lining can be reduced in incerasing of thickness of shotcrete lining about 20% (5 cm) of standard thickness, 25 cm, of shotcrete lining.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.512-521
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• 2013

This paper presents the user needs analysis and information visualization for the development of a semantic-based national R&D information navigation service in information service planning phase, which converges and fuses NDSL databases and NTIS databases. To investigate and analyze the user needs for improving usability, we make an improvement plan for R&D information services via a survey targeted at 30 persons, and on-site interviews targeted at 12 persons, almost of who are researchers in industries, universities and government-funded institutes. To design new information visualization service, we propose an interactive national R&D information visualization service, which is provided in navigation type, and prescribe persona and screen prototyping according to the user needs analysis. We design the national R&D information convergence/fusion architecture based on the NDSL databases, including 345,411 academic articles, 620,555 co-authors and 49,958 reports and NTIS databases including 187,466 national R&D projects. We expect that the national R&D information convergence/fusion architecture contributes to R&D information convergence/fusion as a leading model/standard and the interactive navigation-typed information visualization service strengthens usability continuously.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.439-444
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• 2015

This study analyzes the chicken-related prescription shown in the literature summarized by standing tradition deliberate aims to investigate the clinical efficacy of native chickens. Therefore, The old traditional medicine books of native chickens translate and organize the relevant prescriptions. The manuscript old documents is prescribed by the old central documents sourced directly from generation to generation descendants technical publishing contemporary situation sake of the development of this unique formulation not only contemporary who established himself through numerous trials and errors. Browse almost circular in traditional medicine prescription, which is scattered throughout the country is difficult, and because of the loss can not be confirmed even its existence. This study is to establish the analysis and separated by organized to establish a database on the basis of prescription and mixed herbs in a variety of functional foods developed through usability evaluation methods of treatment. Therefore, the management systems of native chickens related to lack of knowledge and information to foster the continued expansion and specialized training and knowledge of the future growth engine industry through the added value of cultural projects of national knowledge resources. Finally, convergence research and evaluate the usefulness of native chickens through interdisciplinary research systems, and practical measures of functional foods and alternative medicine are presented as well.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.121-130
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• 2009

Traditionally, Korean Medicine put emphasis on the treatment and health-preserve method that corresponds with circulation of nature. And acupuncture is no exception to this rule. In "Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經)", some chapters present method that is changed according to the seasons. Among the chapters, there are some difference, but we can find a general theory. In spring, Yanggi(陽氣) is coming out but not strong and cannot diffuse. so the Yanggi(陽氣) hang up the middle of outer layer. Therefore, we can take some acupoints around the muscle interspace[分腠] or tiny branches of Meridian[孫絡]. In summer, Yanggi(陽氣) flourish and boil all around of the outer layer. So, we can take some acupunctural points from skin to the yang-meridian. In both fall and winter, five su point[五輸穴] make up almost of point. in fall, yanggi begin convergence. we can remove the Eum-pathogen[陰邪] and help the normal convergence by using Stream point[腧穴], River point[經穴] and Sea point[合穴]. In winter, Eum surround so solidly that the neo Yanggi(陽氣) cannot come out. So, we can break the yin by using Well point[井穴] and make be strong by Spring point[滎穴]. If we Study the method that correspond with the seasonal circulation more, we will be able to treat diseases more minutely.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.375-385
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• 2016

Recently, several implantable hearing aids such as cochlear implant, middle ear implant, etc., which have a module receiving power and signal from outside the body, are frequently used to treat the hearing impaired patients. Most of implantable hearing aids are adopted permanent magnet pairs to couple between internal and external devices for the enhancement of power transmission. Generally, the internal device which containing the magnet in the center of receiving coil is implanted under the skin of human temporal bone. In case of MRI scanning of a patient with the implantable hearing aid, however, homogeneous magnetic fields of the MRI might be interfered by the implanted magnet. For the above reasons, the MR image is degraded by large area of artifact, so that diagnostics are almost impossible in deteriorated region. In this paper, we proposed an external coil system that can reduce the artifact of MR image due to the internal coupling magnet. By finite element analysis estimating area of MR artifact according to varying current and shape of the external coil, optimal coil parameters were extracted. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed external coil system was verified by confirming the artifact at real MRI scan.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.232-237
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• 2020

Given the recent pace of development and expansion of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology, the influence and ripple effects of AI technology on the whole of our lives will be very large and spread rapidly. The National Artificial Intelligence R&D Strategy, published in 2019, emphasizes the importance of artificial intelligence education for K-12 students. It also mentions STEM education, AI convergence curriculum, and budget for supporting the development of teaching materials and tools. However, it is necessary to create a new type of curriculum at a time when artificial intelligence curriculum has never existed before. With many attempts and discussions going very fast in all countries on almost the same starting line. Also, there is no suitable professor for K-12 students, and it is difficult to make K-12 students understand the concept of AI. In particular, it is difficult to teach elementary school students through professional programming in AI education. It is also difficult to learn tools that can teach AI concepts. In this paper, we propose an educational model for elementary school students to improve their understanding of AI through play or experience. This an experiential education model that combineds exploratory learning and discovery learning using multi-intelligence and the PLAY teaching-learning model to undertand the importance of data training or data required for AI education. This educational model is designed to learn how a computer that knows only binary numbers through UA recognizes images. Through code.org, students were trained to learn AI robots and configured to understand data bias like play. In addition, by learning images directly on a computer through TeachableMachine, a tool capable of supervised learning, to understand the concept of dataset, learning process, and accuracy, and proposed the process of AI inference.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 2009

In this paper, we have proposed the structure of the IMADF(improved modified multiplication-free adaptive filter) to cancel the adaptive noise in biomedical signals. The IMADF structure use the one-step predicted filter in the multiplication-free adaptive digital filter(MADF) structure using the DPCM and Sign algorithm. And then we use the heart phantom model based on the magnetocardiographic (MCG) to test the biomedical signals and analyze the signal of it. Their functions of the heart phantom occur from the multidipole current source. This can play role the same in the real function of the human heart to study it. In the experimental results, the IMADF algorithm has reduced the computational complexity by use of only the addition operation without a multiplier. Also, under the condition of identical stationary-state error, it could obtain the stabled convergence characteristics that the IMADF algorithm is almost same as the sign algorithm, but is better than the MADF algorithm. Here, this algorithm has effective characteristics when the correlation of the input signal is highly.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.131-150
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• 2003

A new numerical algorithm of finite element methods is presented to solve high Deborah number flow problems with geometric singularities. The steady inertialess planar 4 : 1 contraction flow is chosen for its test. As a viscoelastic constitutive equation, we have applied the globally stable (dissipative and Hadamard stable) Leonov model that can also properly accommodate important nonlinear viscoelastic phenomena. The streamline upwinding method with discrete elastic-viscous stress splitting is incorporated. New interpolation functions classified as rational interpolation, an alternative formalism to enhance numerical convergence at high Deborah number, are implemented not for the whole set of finite elements but for a few elements attached to the entrance comer, where stress singularity seems to exist. The rational interpolation scheme contains one arbitrary parameter b that controls the singular behavior of the rational functions, and its value is specified to yield the best stabilization effect. The new interpolation method raises the limit of Deborah number by 2∼5 times. Therefore on average, we can obtain convergent solution up to the Deborah number of 200 for which the comer vortex size reaches 1.6 times of the half width of the upstream reservoir. Examining spatial violation of the positive definiteness of the elastic strain tensor, we conjecture that the stabilization effect results from the peculiar behavior of rational functions identified as steep gradient on one domain boundary and linear slope on the other. Whereas the rational interpolation of both elastic strain and velocity distorts solutions significantly, it is shown that the variation of solutions incurred by rational interpolation only of the elastic strain is almost negligible. It is also verified that the rational interpolation deteriorates speed of convergence with respect to mesh refinement.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.8
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• pp.247-253
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• 2017

This study is strategically researched to regain the signification of capstone design by correcting the errors neglected the importances of meetings in the convergent English translation capstone design. For this, intial-meetings were designed to be students-centered except for explaining some basic knowledge and information. Mid-meetings were completely students-centered for the students to present their ideas, debate the contents and give feedbacks to one another. Final-meetings were also students-centered for the students to adjust and confirm the results. To validate the importance of students-centered meetings, the qualitative study has been done through interviewing students. In the interviews, almost all of them said they had motivation, confidence, and self-efficacy. Finally attempting capstone design in the future, students-centered meetings should be considered important. Hopefully this kind of capstone design will be used and studied continuedly and lively as a useful method in the field of English education.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.41-49
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• 2016

This study is conducted to find out problems of the public food waste recycling facility and its improvement. Through a research on the actual condition, it is possible to analyze the problem of operation. Moreover, for this improvement, with analysis of the current state of recycling rate including its generation and the problem that can be shown from the real operation of the public/private food waste recycling facility, the results are as follows: It can be shown that the current amount of domestic food waste resource recycling is about 97 %. Almost every public recycling facility is analyzed to be economically infeasible and is not for recovery but to simple disposal. Especially, most of Biogas facilities appeared that amount of production and demand is not appropriate differed from enforcement design.