• Title/Summary/Keyword: alcoholic extract

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The Effects of Shihosogan-san on Alcohol-induced Muscle Atrophy in Rats (흰쥐의 만성 알콜성 근위축에 시호소간산(柴胡疎肝散)이 미치는 효과)

  • Kim, Bum Hoi
    • Herbal Formula Science
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.311-321
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    • 2016
  • Chronic or acute alcohol abuse often leads to liver injury associated with alcoholic hepatitis, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. In addition to the liver, alcohol abuse also induces a variety of other tissue injuries including pancreatitis, cardiomyopathy, neurotoxicity and muscle loss. Chronic skeletal muscle myopathy, independent of peripheral neuropathy, is well recognised in alcoholic patients. Several mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of alcoholic myopathy. Ethanol is a potent inhibitor of muscle protein synthesis. Gastrocnemius and plantaris muscles are Type II fiber-predominant and usually considered representative of the musculature as a whole. Whereas, soleus muscle is Type I fiber predominant. Shihosogan-san is a traditional Korean medicine that is widely employed to treat indigestion and liver diseases. Muscle diseases are often related to liver diseases and conditions. We therefore tested the hypothesis that treatment with Shihosogan-san could ameliorate the ethanol-induced changes in muscle protein synthesis. Young male Sprague-Dawley rats were orally given 25% ethanol (5ml/kg, body weight) daily with Ethanol for 28 days. Normal group was similarly administrated with saline. In Shihosogan-san treated group, rats were orally administrated Shihosogan-san extract, and rats of EtOH group were given with the vehicle only. After 4 week, the morphology of gastrocnemius and plantaris muscles were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. For comparative purposes, liver function was also investigated. The muscles from rats of EtOH group displayed a significant reduction in average cross section area compared to Normal group. Shihosogan-san treated group had increased fiber compared to the EtOH group. Moreover, Shihosogan-san treated group compared with EtOH group showed significantly decreased pro-apoptotic BAX expression and increased anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression. In conclusion, Shihosogan-san extract showed ameliorating effects on chronic alcohol toxicity in skeletal muscle.

Ameliorative Effects of Cirsium jaonicum, Artemisia annua and Curcuma longa on Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (엉겅퀴, 울금, 개똥쑥 복합 추출물의 지방간 개선효과)

  • Shin, Jae Young;Kang, Hyun Ju;Cho, Byoung Ok;Park, Ji Hyeon;Che, Denis Nchang;Hao, Suping;Wang, Feng;Sim, Jae Suk;Sim, Dong Jun;Jang, Seon Il
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.51 no.3
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    • pp.178-185
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    • 2020
  • In this study, the effect of complex hot water extracts of Cirsium jaonicum, Artemisia annua and Curcuma longa (CAC) on the improvement of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was investigated. CAC inhibited fatty acid synthesis and lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells cultured with free fatty acid (FFA). In the NAFLD animal model, CAC extract suppressed the increase in body weight, liver, and epididymis fat weight, and suppressed the increase in hepatocyte fat and blood triglyceride. In addition, by blocking the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, cells were protected from oxidative stress in hepatocytes. Moreover, CAC inhibited the expression of COX-2, iNOS, TNF-α and IL-17 in hepatocytes. These results suggest the possibility that CAC extract can be applied in the field of health functional foods and pharmaceuticals for improvement and prevention of NAFLD.

Ethanol extract of Allium fistulosum inhibits development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

  • Hwang, Jin-Taek;Shin, Eun Ju;Chung, Min-Yu;Park, Jae Ho;Chung, Sangwon;Choi, Hyo-Kyoung
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.110-117
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    • 2018
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease and is closely associated with metabolic syndrome. In the present study, we observed the effect of ethanol extract of Allium fistulosum (EAF) on NAFLD and have suggested the possibility of using EAF as a natural product for application in the development of a treatment for NAFLD. MATERIALS/METHODS: The preventive effect on hepatic lipid accumulation was estimated by using an oleic acid (OA)-induced NAFLD model in vitro and a Western diet (high-fat high-sucrose; WD)-induced obese mouse model. Animals were divided into three groups (n = 7): normal diet group (ND), WD group, and WD plus 1% EAF group. RESULTS: EAF reduced OA-stimulated lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells in the absence of cellular cytotoxicity and significantly blocked transcriptional activation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 and fatty acid synthase genes. Subsequently, we investigated these effects in vivo in mice fed either ND or WD in the presence or absence of EAF supplementation. In comparison to the ND controls, the WD-fed mice exhibited increases in body weight, liver weight, epididymal fat weight, and accumulation of fat in hepatocytes, and these effects were significantly attenuated by EAF supplementation. CONCLUSIONS: Allium fistulosum attenuates the development of NAFLD, and EAF elicits anti-lipogenic activity in liver. Therefore, EAF represents a promising candidate for use in the development of novel therapeutic drugs or drug combinations for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.

The Efficacy of Ephedra sinica, Panax ginseng, and Alisma orientale Extract on Insulin resistance induced by Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (마황, 인삼, 택사 복합추출물의 endocannabinoid system 억제를 통한 비알콜성 지방간 유도 인슐린저항성 개선 효과)

  • Kim, Ki Bong;Ahn, Sang Hyun
    • The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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    • v.34 no.4
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    • pp.11-21
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    • 2020
  • Objectives This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of Ephedra sinica (E. sinica), Panax ginseng (P. ginseng), and Alisma orientale (A. orientale) Extract (MIT) on insulin resistance induced by Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods C57BL /6 male mice (8-week-old, 20 g) were divided into four groups: control group (Ctrl), high-fat diet group (HFDF), high fat diet with metformin administration group (METT), and high fat diet with MIT administration group (MITT). Each 10 mice were allocated to each group (a total of 40 mice). All mice were allowed to eat fat-rich diet freely throughout the experiment. To examine the effect of MIT, we observed Cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1), Cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2), G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55), and Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Results In the MITT group, positive reactions of the CB1, CB2, and GPR55 were significantly was significantly suppressed compared to the HFDF group. The positive reactions of the CD36 and TGF-β in the liver tissue were significantly suppressed in MITT. Conclusions MIT has the effect of improving NAFLD induced insulin resistance through the regulation of the lipid metabolism.

The Effect of Bangpungtongsungsan on Insulin Resistance Induced by Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) (방풍통성산의 지방대사조절을 통한 비알콜성 지방간 유도 인슐린저항성 개선 효과)

  • Seo, Il-bok;Ahn, Sang Hyun;Kim, Ki Bong
    • The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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    • v.32 no.4
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 2018
  • Objectives Bangpungtongsungsan is an herbal medicine that treats obesity and dampness-phlegm. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of Bangpungtongsungsan on insulin resistance induced by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods Male 6-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were divided into four groups: control group (Ctrl), high fat diet group (HFF), high fat diet with Bangpungtongsungsan extract administration group (BT1), and high fat diet with double concentration of Bangpungtongsungsan extract administration group (BT2). Each 10 mice were allocated to each group (total of 40 mice). All mice were allowed to eat fat rich diet freely throughout the experiment. To examine the effect of Bangpungtongsungsan, we observed weight changes, lipid blot distributions, PGC-1, $p-I{\kappa}B$, 8-OHdG, p-JNK, total cholesterol and glucose levels. Results Comparing of body weight measurements between 4 groups, weight gain was significantly lower in BT1 and BT2 group than the HFF group. The distribution of lipid blots and positive reaction of PGC-1 were significantly lower in BT1 and BT2 group. The positive reaction of $p-I{\kappa}B$ and 8-OHdG in hepatic tissues was significantly lower in BT1 and BT2 group. The positive reaction of p-JNK in hepatic tissues was significantly lower in BT1 and BT2 group. Total cholesterol and glucose levels were significantly lower in BT1 and BT2 group. Conclusions Bangpungtongsungsan has the effect of improving non-alcoholic fatty liver induced insulin resistance through regulation of lipid metabolism.

Effects of Alcoholic Fermentation Extracts from Ovary and Rind of Pear on Human Skin (배의 씨방 및 과피의 알콜 발효 추출물이 피부에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Hyung-Woo;Kim, Kyung-Yoon;Kim, Byung-Joo;Chiang, Suo-Yue;Do, Yoon-Ho;Nam, Nai-Lee;Jeong, Hyun-Woo;Choi, Jeong-Sik;Cho, Su-In
    • The Korea Journal of Herbology
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.133-139
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    • 2009
  • Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the effects of alcoholic fermentation extract from ovary and rind of pear on human skin. Methods : We investigated the effects of samples on human skin in terms of clinical trial. 32 of healthy volunteers, who lived in mokpo participated in clinical trial. Effects of sample on hygroscopicity and water-holding capacity were investigated. Sebum, moisture, scabrousness and desquamation were also investigated. Facial massages were conducted 8 times in each volunteers. Results : Single treatment group showed elevated levels of hygroscopicity (Normal : 106.4$\pm$2.1%, vs Pear : 114.1$\pm$6.2) and water-holding capacity (Normal : 87.1$\pm$4.4%, vs Pear : 96.2$\pm$1.3) on forearm of 16 volunteers respectively. In addition, massage group using sample showed elevated moisture (Control : 3.8$\pm$5.8%, vs Sample : 15.2$\pm$4.7%) and lowered scabrousness levels (Control : -12.3$\pm$4.4%, vs Sample : -22.0$\pm$5.2%) significantly. However, the levels of sebum did not affected by sample. Conclusions : These result suggest that alcoholic fermentation extract from ovary and rind of pear has moisturizing effect on human skin.

Antihyperlipidemic effects of alcoholic extract of Pongamia pinnata Linn. leaves on high fat diet fed rats

  • Tenpe, CR;Mane, G;Upaganlawar, AB;Ghule, BV;Yeole, PG
    • Advances in Traditional Medicine
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.311-315
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    • 2008
  • The objective of the study was to investigate the antihyperlipidemic activity of alcoholic extract of Pongamia pinnata Linn. (PPAE) leaves in rats fed with high fat diet (HFD). PPAE was administered orally in the divided doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg/day for 30 days in HFD fed rats. Body weights were observed and the analysis of serum lipid profile was carried out on day 30. Marked decrease in the body weight, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) whereas significant increase in the levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) were observed after treatment with PPAE. However, PPAE in a dose of 250 mg/kg did not show significant (P < 0.05) increase in HDL levels. The PPAE also lowered TC: HDL-c and LDL: HDL-c ratios significantly suggesting it's antihyperlipidemic and cardioprotective potential. The present work reveals that PPAE at the dose of 500 mg/kg/day exhibited significant (P < 0.01) antihyperlipidemic effects.

Antitumor Activity of the Aqueous-alcoholic Extracts from Unripe Cotton Ball of Gossypium indicum

  • Choi, Jung-Jin;Yoon, Keum-Na;Lee, Seung-Ki;Lee, Yong-Hee;Park, Jeong-Hill;Kim, Wang-Yu;Kim, Joon-Kyum;Kim, Won-Ki
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.21 no.3
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    • pp.266-272
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    • 1998
  • The present study investigated the antitumor activity of the aqueous-alcoholic extracts from unripe cotton balls of Gossypium indicum. An Exposure of murine B16 melanoma and L1210 lymphoma cells to the extracts resulted in their severe deaths in time- and concentration-dependent manners. Of the extracts, hydrophilic fractions were most efficacious for the antitumor activity and found to contain certain amounts of catechin and its derivatives. The hydrophilic extract fraction C36B2-8 had approximately 10 times more cytotoxic effects on B12 and L1210 cells than on isolated murine thymocytes. High concentrations (>150 $\mu$g/ml) of C 36B3-8 mainly induced necrotic cell death. At low concentrations (<100 $\mu$g/ml), however, C 36B3-8 induced not only necrosis but also apoptosis of the two tumor cell lines, which was proved by the TUNEL staining and DNA fragmentation techniques. The data indicate that certain ingredients of the cotton ball extract of G. indicum have an antitumor activity.

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Studies on the Effect of Korean Ginseng Components on Alcoholic Fermentation by Yeast. 3. Effect on the changes of saponin pattern, pH and production of organic acid. (인삼성분이 효모의 Alchol발효에 미치는 영향 3. Saponin pattern, pH 및 유기당 함량의 변화)

  • Park, Se-Ho;Yu, Tae-Jong;Lee, Seok-Geon
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.17-24
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    • 1982
  • This studies were conducted to investigate the changes of saponin pattern, pH and organic acid contents of malt wort added ginseng components during alcoholic fermentation by Sacch. uvarum. The results are as follows. Saponin patterns of fermented wort were same as that of the non- fermented wort, but the weight of former was decreased comparing to that of the latter. pH value of fermented wort contained 0.1∼0.5% of ginseng extract were almost same as that of control(PH 4.23). Lactate, pyruvate, succinate and fumarate, pyroglutarate and citrate contents of the fermented wort were increased by the addition of ginseng extract and pyruvate content, particularly, was increased from 28.4 to 214mg/100 ml while that of control was 33.2mg/100m1. Citrate content of fermented wort contained ginseng saponin was almost same as control (37. 5mg/100m1) . But pyruvate content was tower 4-8.6mg/100m1 than that of control(33.2mg/100m1) .

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Antifilarial activity of Nigella sativa on Setaria cervi-an in vitro study

  • Rizvi, Waseem;Kumar, Anil;Rizvi, NH;Ahmad, Razi;Singhal, KC;Khan, Atif
    • Advances in Traditional Medicine
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    • v.5 no.3
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    • pp.240-245
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    • 2005
  • The effect of aqueous and alcoholic extract of seeds of Nigella sativa (N. sativa) was studied on the spontaneous movements of the whole worm (w.w) preparation and nerve muscle (n.m) complex of Setaria cervi (S. cervi). Both the extracts caused inhibition of spontaneous movements of the w.w and n.m complex characterized by initial stimulation followed by irreversible paralysis, with the exception that aqueous extract produced a partially reversible paralysis of w.w preparation. Lesser concentration of both the extracts was required to inhibit the movements of n.m complex than the w.w. Suggesting a cuticular permeability barrier. The lethal concentration $50\;(LC_{50})$ and lethal concentration $90\;(LC_{90})$ were 30 and 55 ng/ml for aqueous and 45 and 60 ng/ml for alcoholic extracts respectively.