• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.738-744
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• 2003

The gene ADH encoding NAD-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase from Bacillus stearothennophilus was cloned and overexpressed as a GST fusion protein at a high level in Escherichia coli. The expressed fusion protein was purified simply by glutathione affinity chromatography. GST fusion protein was then cleaved by thrombin, while soluble enzyme was further purified by glutathione affinity chromatography. The recombinant enzyme had the same elctrophoretic mobility as the native enzyme from Bacillus stearothennophilus. The recombinant enzyme catalyzed the oxidation of a number of alcohols and exhibited high activities towards secondary alcohols. The $K_m\;and\;V_{max}$ values of the recombinant enzyme for ethanol were 5.11 mM and 61.35 U/mg, respectively. Pyridine and imidazole notably inhibited the enzymatic activity. The activity of the recombinant enzyme optimally proceeded at pH 9.0 and $70^{\circ}C$. The midpoint of the temperature-stability curve for the recombinant enzyme was approximately $68^{\circ}C$, and the enzyme was not completely inactivated even at $85^{\circ}C$. The recombinant enzyme showed a high resistance towards denaturing agents (0.05% SDS, 0.1 M urea). Therefore, due to its stability and relatively broad substrate specificity, the recombinant enzyme could be utilized in bio-industrial processes and biosensors.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.258-265
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• 2013

Home-made soy sauces with or without Hovenia dulcis Thunb (Hutgae) originated from different parts such as fruits, stems, and twigs were prepared according to the Korean traditional procedure. Soy sauces supplemented with Hutgae were evaluated for their activities of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging (DPPH) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), free amino acid profiles, and sensory quality. All soy sauce types containing Hutgae had a strong DPPH activity as compared to the general type of soy sauce without Hutgae (GSC). Among Hutgae groups, DPPH activities of soy sauce supplemented with Hutgae stems was higher than that of soy sauces with either Hutgae fruits or twigs. ADH activities of soy sauces with Hutgae ranged from 14% to 55%, thus indicating that the functional activity of Hutgae was not altered during soy sauce preparations. Total free amino acid content of GSC was 295.5 mg%, and that of soy sauce with Hutgae fruits (346.8 mg%) was the highest when compared to Hutgae stems (272.3 mg%) and Hutgae twigs (225.6 mg%). In amino acid profiles, aspartate, arginine, histidine, and lysine levels were higher in soy sauces with Hutgae compared to GSC, whereas isoleucine, leucine, and phenylalanine levels were lower. Particularly, high levels of aspartate, glutamate, threonine, and lysine were presented in Hutgae twigs, whereas for Hutgae fruits and Hutgae stems, the levels of serine, glycine and arginine, and proline and methionine were high, respectively. According to sensory evaluations, Hutgae stems were preferred than GSC, due to the lower offensive smell and higher umami tastes. These findings demonstrate that soy sauce with Hutgae stems has potential protective effects against hangovers, improves the taste, and implies a possible functional ingredient.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.144-145
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• 2003

Hangover is associated with ethanol metabolism in body after the ingestion of an alcoholic beverage. Especially. The metabolism in liver is forcused by many researcher because, alcohol (approximately 90％) is metabolized by the liver. Ethanol metabolism in liver involves both liver alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH) which actalyzes the oxidation of ethanol to acetaldehyde, and liver aldehyde dehydrogenase(ALDH) which metabilized rapidly acetaldehyde, product of ethanol oxidation, to acetate. (omitted)

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.432-437
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• 1997

We used a herbal medicine, roots of Rhodiola sachalinensis (RS) to assess whether RS extract can decrease blood ethanol concentrations in rats fed ethanol and if so, to elucidate the mechanism by which RS extract reduces blood ethanol levels. Rats were fed ethanol orally 1 hr after the oral administration of various doses of RS extract. In another experiment, rats were injected intraperitoneally with ethanol following the intake of RS extract via gastric catheter to eliminate possible inhibition of ethanol absorption in the gastrointestine by RS extract. The administration of RS extract remarkably lowered blood ethanol levels in a dose-dependent manner in rats given ethanol orally. However, the intake of RS extract did not reduce ethanol levels in rats injected with ethanol intraperitoneally. The activities of two main hepatic enzymes, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), involved in ethanol metabolism, were not affected by the administration of RS extract in rats fed ethanol. In addition, the intake of RS extract reduced serum triglyceride levels elevated by ethanol to the normal level. We conclude that the administration of RS extract lowers blood ethanol concentrations by inhibition of ethanol absorption in the gastrointestinal tracts of ethanol-fed animals.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.818-827
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of freeze-dried Gastrodiae rhizoma powder (GR) on the liver function and alcohol metabolism in alcohol treated rats. Methods: The rats were administered various concentrations of GR (100 mg, 200 mg, 300 mg/kg B.W.) for 3 days 1 hour before 50% (v/v) ethanol (3 g/kg B.W.) administration. Two tests focusing on liver function and alcohol metabolism in acute alcohol treatment were carried out. Results: Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity was significantly increased by alcohol treatment, and was decreased by 100 mg GR administration. Acute ethanol treatment led to significant increase in alcohol and acetaldehyde levels of serum and liver. However, 100 mg GR administration led to a significant reduction in increased alcohol level in the serum with decreased alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity and increased acetaldehyde level in liver was significantly reduced by three levels. Conclusion: These results suggest that GR can be effective in enhancing liver function and alcohol metabolism in the alcohol-treated rats. Studies on the appropriate dosage of GR should further be developed to treat alcohol detoxification and stimulate liver function.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.218-225
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• 2017

To investigate the anti-hangover effects of Cudrania tricuspidata root extract (CTE), the blood alcohol metabolism and blood gas imbalance of CTE in rats treated with 10 ml/kg alcohol were examined. CTE (500 mg/kg and 750 mg/kg) was administrated after 30 minutes of alcohol consumption (10 ml/kg). Blood collection was implemented from the tails of the animals after 1, 3, and 5 hours post alcohol consumption. The Condition drink (a commercial anti-hangover beverage) was used as a positive control. Single administration by the oral route was performed. The consumption of CTE (500 mg/kg and 750 mg/kg) decreased the serum alcohol concentration by increasing and maintaining both the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) enzyme activity levels in the blood and liver. In addition, CTE led to recovery from the imbalances in the blood gas levels, including carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) and changes in pH, bicarbonate ($HCO_3{^-}$) and lactic acid levels due to alcohol ingestion. In conclusion, CTE exerted a more pronounced anti-hangover effect than a commercial anti-hangover drink. Therefore, CTE can be a novel and safe anti-hangover natural product agent for the prevention or treatment of symptoms caused by excessive alcohol consumption.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.363-368
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• 2020

This study was conducted to evaluate several physiological activities of 4 sweet persimmon cultivar leaf water extracts. One new cultivar ('Hongchu' (HC)]) and three traditional cultivars ('Sangseojosaeng' (UW), Japanese Uenishiwase; 'Seochonjosaeng' (NW), Japanese Nishimurawase; and 'Buyu' (FY), Japanese Fuyu) were used in this study. The HC extract showed significantly higher DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities, tyrosinase inhibitory activity, and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase activity than the other extracts, while the FY extract exhibited a relatively higher alcohol dehydrogenase activity. The HC extract contained higher amount of phenolics and ascorbic acid. These results suggest the possibility of high-quality persimmon leaf tea development using the new sweet persimmon cultivar, HC.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.212-217
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• 2011

${\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$-subunits (ApCpnA and ApCpnB) are group II chaperonins from the hyperthermophilic archaeum Aeropyrum pernix K1, specialized in preventing the aggregation and inactivation of substrate proteins under conditions of transient heat stress. In the present study, the cooperativity of ${\alpha}$- and ${\beta}$-subunits from the A. pernix K1 was investigated. The ApCpnA and ApCpnB chaperonin genes were overexpressed in E. coli Rosetta and Codonplus (DE3), respectively. Each of the recombinant ${\alpha}$- and ${\beta}$-subunits was purified to 92% and 94% by using anionexchange chromatography. The cooperative activity between purified ${\alpha}$- and ${\beta}$-subunits was examined using citrate synthase (CS), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) as substrate proteins. The addition of both ${\alpha}$- and ${\beta}$-subunits could effectively protect CS and ADH from thermal aggregation and inactivation at $43^{\circ}C$ and $50^{\circ}C$, respectively, and MDH from thermal inactivation at $80^{\circ}C$C and $85^{\circ}C$. Moreover, in the presence of ATP, the protective effects of ${\alpha}$- and ${\beta}$-subunits on CS from thermal aggregation and inactivation, and ADH from thermal aggregation, were more enhanced, whereas cooperation between chaperonins and ATP in protection activity on ADH and MDH (at $85^{\circ}C$) from thermal inactivation was not observed. Specifically, the presence of both ${\alpha}$- and ${\beta}$- subunits could effectively protect MDH from thermal inactivation at $80^{\circ}C$ in an ATP-dependent manner.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.1675-1682
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• 2010

The biological activity of hot water extract from Ecklonia cava Kjellman (ECE) was investigated to assess antioxidative, anti-skin aging, and nitrite scavenging abilities, as well as alcohol metabolizing activities. Antioxidant activity of ECE was measured by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity. DPPH radical scavenging activity and SOD-like activity of ECE increased in a remarkably dose-dependent manner, and were about 91.4% and 75% at 1 mg/ml, respectively. The xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity was indicated to be about 70% at 1 mg/ml of ECE. Nitrite scavenging ability of ECE showed to be 93.6% at 1 mg/ml and pH 1.2. The influence of ECE on alcohol metabolism was demonstrated through the generating activity of reduced-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). The facilitating rate of ADH and ALDH activity by ECE was 167.2% and 334% at 10 mg/ml, respectively. In addition, tyrosinase and elastase inhibitory activities of ECE were 58% and 72% at 10 mg/ml, respectively. These results indicated that ECE has valuable biological attributes owing to its antioxidant, nitrite scavenging, alcohol metabolizing, and elastase and tyrosinase inhibitory activities.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.725-730
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• 1994

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary zinc (Zn) and/or cadmium (Cd) on hepatic microsomal and cytosol enzyme activities. Male Spraque-Dawley rats (110$\pm$10g ) received zinc (0, 30 and 300 ppm/) and Cd-treated groups were administered oral intubation with Cd chloride (5.0mg/kg of body weight 0 at the same time once a week. The effect of Cd on the activity of hepatic cytochromep-450 , xanthine oxidase(X. O) and superoxide dismutase (SOd) was studied in rats. Cd oral intubation resulted in a decrease in cytochrome P-450 content and SOD activity whereas a significant increase in the X.O. activity was observed was observed . Intake of excessive Zn led to an increased activity of microsomal alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) , whereas Zn deficiency group led to a decreased group. The mechanism by which Zn induces the decreasing of Cd toxicity in rats, seems to rely on the protection of the enzyme systems P-450, ADH, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and X.O. in the liver, possibly by forming non-toxic Cd metallothionein. These results indicate that Zn and Cd regulation might occur via inhibitory protein component of the $H_2O$$_2$ -generator system.