• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.15 no.10
• /
• pp.6366-6371
• /
• 2014

This study examined the structural elements of Korean-style houses (Hanok) and proposed formula accounting for their similar patterns and regular behavior. The design of modern apartment buildings adopts many aesthetic elements from Hanok but those are only for interior decoration. In this study, the projected Hanok eaves were examined in terms of the length of solar insolation. Leaning pillars toward the inside of the building were analyzed in detail not only for the front and back pillar, side pillar, but also the corner pillar. This study also suggested a design element from the Hanok structure, such as the elevated balcony, porch flooring, and inner garden in porch area. In addition, the new apartment plan improved air circulation, ventilation and natural lighting.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.223-231
• /
• 2003

With the negative influences and damage from Asian dust increasing, it's getting important to investigate the climate and soil condition of the source region of Asian dust. There is a high possibility that the desertification and the drastic decrease of plants in China and Mongolia make worse the situation (bad effects of Asian Dust). To detect the movement of Asian dust caused by air circulation, we need to watch the state of the source region to get useful information for the prevention of the dust pollution, and to predict what part of China will become the source region. Therefore, using TOMS aerosol index data, NCEP reanalysis data that is Remote Sensing data from 1981 to 2000 (except 1993~1996, 4 years), for 16 years, examined the relation between the dust occurrence and weather elements. Dust occurrence appeared much in spring season from March to May in study areas. It had a dry climate during that season as follows : relative humidity about 20~40%, temperature about -5~5$^{\circ}C$, precipitation about 33-180 mm, wind speed about 4-10 ms-1. Dust occurrence and weather element annual change in study areas decreased gradually till 1990, but in Gobi desert the incidence of dust occurrence increased since 1997. As a result, found out that the more the precipitation, the less dust occurrence, because the precipitation and surface wind speed had a direct influence on the soil of the source region of dust.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.273-285
• /
• 2011

This study describes the modeling of climate change impact on runoff across southeast Korea using a conceptual rainfall-runoff model TANK and assesses the results using the concept of environmental flows developed by International Water Management Institute. The future climate time series is obtained by scaling the historical series, informed by 4 global climate models and 3 greenhouse gas emission scenarios, to reflect a $4.0^{\circ}C$ increase at most in average surface air temperature and 31.7% increase at most in annual precipitation, using the spatio-temporal changing factor method that considers changes in the future mean seasonal rainfall and potential evapotranspiration as well as in the daily rainfall distribution. Although the simulation results from different global circulation models and greenhouse emission scenarios indicate different responses in flows to the climate change, the majority of the modeling results show that there will be more runoff in southeast Korea in the future. However, there is substantial uncertainty, with the results ranging from a 5.82% decrease to a 48.15% increase in the mean annual runoff averaged across the study area according to the corresponding climate change scenarios. We then assess the hydrologic perturbations based on the comparison between present and future flow duration curves suggested by IMWI. As a result, the effect of hydrologic perturbation on aquatic ecosystems may be significant at several locations of the Nakdong river main stream in dry season.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
• /
• v.37 no.1
• /
• pp.5-15
• /
• 2021

The areas consisting of frost susceptible soils in cold regions, such as the Arctic area, have problems of frost heave and thaw settlement due to the seasonal air temperature changes and internal temperature of installed structures. Ground stabilization methods for preventing frost heave and thaw settlement of frost susceptible soils include trenching, backfilling and thermo-syphon. The thermo-syphon is the method in which refrigerant can control the ground temperature by transferring the ground temperature to atmosphere in the from of two-phase flow through the heat circulation of the internal refrigerant. This numerical study applied the function of these thermo-syphon as the boundary condition through user-subroutine coding inside ABAQUS and compared and analyzed the temperature results of laboratory experiments.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.24 no.10
• /
• pp.1325-1330
• /
• 2020

New-born babies who require special attention medically are admitted often to incubator. Incubators are well equipped to fulfill take care of infants, but they have to hospital and so expensive. This paper proposes a smart incubator that can solve the problem of convenience and cost aspect of these incubators. Developed incubator enables near-field monitoring using Arduino Uno as the main control device and Bluetooth communication. The environment in the incubator measures temperature and humidity using a DHT22 sensor and the sound using a P5510 microphone. If the temperature and humidity data set by the user are lower or higher than the reference value, it is designed to operate the heating pad using the controller or turn on the fan to allow air circulation. The measured values in the incubator are displayed in real time on the user's smartphone monitoring screen and are programmed using app inventor. Developed incubators can help take care of infants at low cost in the home.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• v.26 no.6
• /
• pp.501-509
• /
• 2022

Irisin is a myokine caused by exercise that improves insulin resistance and weight loss. However, under unfavorable conditions such as air pollution, and during the pandemic, outdoor activities are uncomfortable. Therefore, in this study, the effect of heat therapy (half bath 42 ± 0.5℃ for 30 min) on irisin circulation levels as an exercise alternative for middle-aged obese women after menopause was investigated. Subjects were 33 women aged 49.54 ± 6.04 years, with parameters of height, 160.12 ± 4.33 cm, weight, 69.71 ± 7.52 kg, body surface area 1.73 ± 0.13 m², body mass index, 27.19 ± 3.40 kg/m². The results suggest that circulating irisin levels showed a significant increase after one-time thermotherapy (TH-1). However, the increase in circulating irisin levels after 15 treatments (TH-15, 5 days/week, 3 weeks) was significantly varied. The level of adiponectin, which increases fatty oxidation to reduce fatty deposition, increased significantly at TH-1, but further increased at TH-15, which was significantly different from the level of TH-1. In addition, the basic serum free fatty acid (FFA) level was significantly increased at TH-15 compared to TH-1. Significant differences were also found in the lipid profile (body mass index, waist circumference, and % body fat). Thermotherapy can significantly increase the tympanic temperature and induce changes in circulating irisin and adiponectin levels. Thus, it resulted in positive changes in FFA and lipid profiles. Therefore, repeated thermotherapy is effective in increasing circulating irisin levels in postmenopausal obese women.

• Journal of Wellbeing Management and Applied Psychology
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 2023

Purpose: The small-scale environmental impact assessment system in Korea was introduced and implemented in August 2000, but it has a problem that it cannot guarantee implementation due to the large proportion of qualitative reduction measures for each evaluation item. Therefore, when preparing a small-scale environmental impact assessment, research was conducted on how to improve the existing simple listing-type reduction measures and qualitative evaluation standards to quantitative reduction measures and evaluation standards reflecting regional characteristics. Research design, data and methodology: The small-scale environmental impact assessment system in Korea was introduced and implemented in August 2000, but it has a problem that it cannot guarantee implementation due to the large proportion of qualitative reduction measures for each evaluation item. Therefore, when preparing a small-scale environmental impact assessment, research was conducted on how to improve the existing simple listing-type reduction measures and qualitative evaluation standards to quantitative reduction measures and evaluation standards reflecting regional characteristics. Results: As a result of the analysis of qualitative and quantitative factors, the arithmetic sum of the qualitative factors of the total six projects is 160, accounting for 80% of the total number of reduction measures, and the quantitative factors are 40, accounting for 20%. Among them, the number of qualitative reduction measures reached 97.4% for animal and plant items, and more than 90% for air quality, noise and vibration, and eco-friendly resource circulation items. Conclusions: Therefore, it is necessary to avoid establishing qualitative reduction measures and set quantitative measures as the basis, but to specify the specifications, size, and installation location related to the reduction measures, and to calculate the numerical reduction efficiency.

• Journal of Appropriate Technology
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.118-125
• /
• 2019

Climate change is one part of 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). According to the Fifth Assessment Report by the Inter- governmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) published in 2014, global warming is caused by greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The most important GHG is carbon dioxide (CO₂), which is released by the burning of fossil fuels and, to a lesser extent, by land use practices, followed by nitrous oxide and methane. IPCC predicts that global temperatures will rise 3.7℃ and sea level will rise 0.63 m by 2099 in the case of no strong restraint. According to the report, we can expect a massive species extinctions, changes in storm and drought cycles, altered ocean circulation, and redistribution of vegetation by global warming. However, climate changes, especially global warming, are the largest potential threat to human health and the source of a number of diseases globally. If climate changes are continued uncontrolled, human health will be adversely affected by the accelerating climate change and the natural disaster induced by climate change. It means we will face more serious conditions of injury, disease, and death related to natural disasters such as flood, drought, heat waves, malnutrition, more allergy, air pollution and climate change related infections related to morbidity and mortality. This review emphasizes on the relationship between global climate changes and human health and provides some suggestions for improvement.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.18-22
• /
• 2022

Photovoltaics (PV) power generation efficiency is affected by meteorological factors such as temperature and wind speed. In general, it is known that the power generation amount decreases because photovoltaics panel temperature rises and the power generation efficiency decreases in summer. Photovoltaics Thermal (PVT) power generation has the ad-vantage of being able to produce heat together with power, as well as preventing the reduction in power generation efficien-cy and output due to the temperature rise of the panel. In this study, the amount of heat collected by season and time was calculated for photovoltaics thermal modules using the International Weather for Energy Calculations (IWEC) data provided by the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). Based on this, we propose a method of predicting the temperature of the photovoltaics panel using thermal analysis and then calculating the flow rate of coolant to improve power generation efficiency. As the results, the photovoltaics efficiencies versus time on January, April, July, and October in Jeju of the Republic of Korea were calculated to the range of 15.06% to 17.83%, and the maxi-mum cooling load and flow rate for the photovoltaics thermal module were calculated to 121.16 W and 45 cc/min, respec-tively. Though this study, it could be concluded that the photovoltaics thermal system can be composed of up to 53 modules with targeting the Jeju, since the maximum capacity of the coolant circulation pump of the photovoltaics thermal system applied in this study is 2,400 cc/min.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.229-235
• /
• 2000

Characteristics of hail occurred during 1989-1998 is studied. Hail is observed mainly at west coast, southwest inland, and Taegwallyong. Average diameter of hailstone is 0.6 cm, and 70% of the occurrence frequency of hail is observed at west coast. During winter and spring, the wet -bulb zero height (WBZ) is low enough to prevent the melting process of hail. But the lack of available low-level moisture (mean mixing ratio in lowest 100 hPa) makes the size of hail small. As a result, smaller size hail is observed frequently over west coast. On the contrary, WBZ is higher during summer, it means that hail is melted before it reaches ground, but the size of hail is bigger. Thus the larger hail is observed mainly Taegwallyong during summer. Hail is observed from 1100 LST to 1500 LST over west coast and around 1800 LST over Taegwallyong. It suggest that thermally driven mesoscale circulations such as land-sea breeze and mountain ridge-valley circulation aid in the formation of hail. Upper and surface air temperature is related to formation of hailstorm. Before formation of hailstorm in November 1998, the upper air temperature decreases. And hails is observed in the spot of strong temperature and dew point temperature gradient coincidently.