• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.102-107
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• 2006

Opening agricultural market progresses radically, reducing cost of high quality agricultural products becomes urgent. Aerial application using an agricultural helicopter helps precise and timely spraying and reduces labor intensity and pollution. The development of an agricultural helicopter was necessary for taking advantages of both technique and economy. In this study, as the first stage of developing an unmanned helicopter capable of 20kg payload, an engine was selected and a prototype transmission was designed for an agricultural helicopter. Prony type dynamo-meter was constructed, the engine was tested and then performance curve was obtained. The centrifugal clutch was engaged at the rotation speed of 3,500-4,000 rpm. Maximum power was expected at the engine speed of 5,900-6,200 rpm when adjusted at the optimal output. Based on the test results, the transmission was designed for driving main rotor shaft.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.525-534
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• 2001

Garlic clove planting is one of the most laborious operations in Korean farming. The garlic planting has been done manually; therefore, it requires tremendous amounts of human labor resulting in the increase of production cost. This problem necessitated the development of a garlic clove metering device fur the planter. The device was fabricated to meter a single garlic clove with a scooping bucket(29mm in diameter and 8mm in depth) designed after the image of clove's bottom shape. The lift angle of the metering plate and the magnitude of vibration were also affected the metering performance. The angle clove metering rates ranged 95.4~96.7% with the missing rate of 0.0~1.3% at the 80~85 degrees of the tilt angle and vibration level 2(1.985 m/s$^2$).

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.273-283
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• 2014

Imported and exported agricultural products are facing a very difficult time due to the rising distribution costs spurred by the increasing labor and oil prices. High empty transfer rates, which take place on a return route after the regular transportation of imported and exported agricultural products, are especially a major cause of the rising distribution costs. In an effort to overcome those limitations, this study set out to examine the transportation stages connecting harbor warehouses, processing plants, and central distribution centers on the circulation route of such imported grains as wheat, barley, corn, and soybean and the transportation route from the warehouses devoted to exported agricultural products to harbors for such exported agricultural products as apple, pear, and persimmon in order to develop a model on the creation of a compound logistics complex for processing plants and transshipment of imported and exported agricultural products. The study also promoted the logistic rationalization of imported and exported agricultural products by creating a compound logistics complex that would combine processing plants for imported agricultural products and transshipment functions for exported agricultural products.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.311-331
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• 2021

Climate change with extreme hydrological events has become a significant concern for agricultural water systems. Climate change affects not only irrigation availability but also agricultural water requirement. In response, adaptation strategies with soft and hard options have been considered to mitigate the impacts from climate change. However, their implementation has become progressively challenging and complex due to the interconnected impacts of climate change with socio-economic change in agricultural circumstances, and this can generate more uncertainty and complexity in the adaptive management of the agricultural water systems. This study was carried out for the agricultural water supply system in Seongju dam watershed in Seonju-gun, Gyeongbuk in South Korea. The first step is to identify system disturbances. Climate variation and socio-economic components with historical and forecast data were investigated Then, as the second step, problematic trends of the critical performance were identified for the historical and future climate scenarios. As the third step, a system structure was built with a dynamic hypothesis (causal loop diagram) to understand Seongju water system features and interactions with multiple feedbacks across system components in water, agriculture, and socio-economic sectors related to the case study water system. Then, as the fourth step, a mathematical SD (system dynamics) model was developed based on the dynamic hypothesis, including sub-models related to dam reservoir, irrigation channel, irrigation demand, farming income, and labor force, and the fidelity of the SD model to the Seongju water system was checked.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제15권
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• pp.115-122
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• 1997

과채류의 재배에 있어서 접목은 작물의 안정적인 생산과 품질 향상을 위해 없어서는 안되는 기술이다. 그러나 지속적인 숙련 노동력의 감소와 농촌 인구 노령화 등으로 나타나는 노동력 부족 현상은 집목묘의 대량생산 공급에 어려움이 되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기계접목에 있어서 접목법이 간단하며 접합부자재가 불필요한 삽접법을 이용하는 기계접목 메카니즘 개발의 기초연구를 수행하였다. 트레이상의 육묘상태에서 자동으로 접목하기 위한 기계접목의 기초연구로써 1본씩 수동 공급하는 반자동 기계삽접의 메카니즘 개발에 관한 연구로서 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 접합부자재를 사용하지 않고 대부분 과채류에 적용가능한 삽접 기계접목장치의 메카니즘을 구성하였다. 2. 오이를 접수로 하고 신토좌와 흑종을 대목으로 하는 기계접목시험에서 모두 98%의 접목성공율을 나타냈다. 3. 1본 수동 공급에 의한 기계접목 시스템은 10초 정도로 접목 성능은 저조하지만 기계접목 메카니즘의 가능성을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.391-398
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• 2001

A robot system for clone replication and gridding, which is a preliminary state of the genome research, was developed and evaluated its performance. This gridding robot system consisted of 1) a gridding heat that replicated the clone, 2) a manipulator, as a part of body of robot, which transferred the gridding head along x-, y-, z-axis, 3) a well plate arranging board, 4) a sterilization unit, and 5) a control unit. Performance of the system was evaluated with 1) repeatability of the robot system, 2) clone replication efficiency, 3) time requirement of the replication, and 4) sterilization efficiency. The repeatability error of the robot system showed 0.219 mm and 0.094 mm in the direction of x- and y-axis, respectively. The success rate of the clone replication with the gridding head was 100% on the membrane filter. The time required for the replication was four minutes and fifty-five seconds from the four 96 well plates to a 384 well plate meanwhile the required time with well experienced hand labor was three minutes thirty-five seconds. The gridding operation of clone could not be done by hand labor and the required time with robot system for the gridding on the membrance filter with the control program 5$\times$5: 1 copy and 384 gridding pins was twenty minutes and twenty-five seconds. The efficiency of the sterilization was considered to be satisfactory since no growth of fungi was found around the area of replication in the membrane filter.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.169-180
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• 2016

본 논문은 에티오피아 티그레이의 농촌 마을의 사회적 기구가 소작농의 농업 투자 등 위험에 대한 성향에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 연세대학교 빈곤문제연구소는 2014년과 2015년에 에티오피아 북동부에 위치한 티그레이 지역의 두 마을에서 관련 설문자료를 수집하였다. 주요 결론으로서, 지역에서 노동력을 분담하는 기구인 Debo (한국의 품앗이)에 참가하거나 조언 및 도움을 구할 수 있는 조력자가 있을 경우 위험에 적극적인 태도를 보여주었다. 반면, 결혼 및 장례식에 대비하여 보험 역할을 하는 Iddir나 사적금에 해당하는 Equub (한국의 계)에 참여하는 가구의 경우 상대적으로 위험에 적극적인 태도를 보여주지는 않았다. 하나의 정책 제안으로서 빈곤국의 농촌 개발 및 지원시 위험에 적극적인 가구를 선택하여 집중적으로 지원하거나, Debo와 같은 마을내 노동협력 기구를 중심으로 원조 교육 계획을 수립할 필요가 있다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제10권10호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2012

Purpose - The Garak agricultural wholesale market ('Garak Market') plays a central role in the distribution of agricultural products in Korea and is important in connecting consumers with producers. However, problems regarding inefficiencies and the high-cost structure of the wholesale market's distribution/logistical system are being raised in relation to severe competition among retailers. Furthermore, the service needs of retailers and market users are not being fulfilled due to the inconsistency of the wholesale market's functions and facilities, thus reducing the competitiveness of the market. In this regard, innovative changes are being requested of the agricultural wholesale market according to changes in the agricultural product distribution environment. In particular, the lack of unloading facilities and the outdated unloading system of the wholesale market must be improved to enhance system efficiency. Research design, data, and methodology - This study observed the problems of the unloading system of the agricultural wholesale market in order to present relevant measures for improvement. The need for unloading auctions was also researched in this study. The survey of 70 forwarders belonging to the producing district distributor association of the Garak market was conducted by post. Additionally, 20 auction dealers and 59 shippers and transporters were individually interviewed. The survey on the need for unloading auctions used five-point Likert Scales. The statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS WIN 12.0 software. Results - First, the wholesale market must employ members of the unloading labor union to allow these employees to directly manage the unloading process. Second, it is crucial to revise regulations to ensure that the principal agent pays the unloading cost according to the standard unloading cost system. Third, the vehicle auction carried out for certain vegetable products must be converted to the unloaded auction system. According to the related interviews with the wholesale market's distribution agents, whereas shippers and transporters recognized the need for unloaded auctions, auction dealers tend to have a negative view of this system. Furthermore, the stated reasons in favor of unloaded cabbage, radish, and other vegetable auctions were prevention of constraint, creation of transparent trade conditions, and reduction of corrected seller tickets. Many of the respondents answered that the transport cost reduction rate in unloaded auctions must be below 20%. Fourth, the unloading system must be mechanized and a detailed, reasonable plan must be provided to settle the existing conflict with the unloading labor union. Conclusions - The proposals in this study are expected to play an important role in improving the cargo handling system of the wholesale agricultural product market in the future. Improving the system is expected to help shore up the competitiveness of the industry. If all the related bodies closely cooperate with each other and work harder, taking advantage of the synergies created by the facility modernization project, the Garak market will play a pivotal role in the distribution of agricultural products.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 1993년도 Proceedings of International Conference for Agricultural Machinery and Process Engineering
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• pp.1302-1311
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• 1993

In the 90 years or so since the beginning of the 20 th century , orchard growing and agricultural fields in Japan have undergone considerable change in terms of production volume, a seen in Fig. 1. as this change in volume progressed, sorting and packing machines have also grown from the first wooden tools, almost too simple to be called " machines" into sophisticated devices that bring together diverse technologies such as machinery , electronics, and optics. Nowadays, Japan/s agricultural industry is facing unprecedentedly serious labor shortage and the rapid aging of its experienced growers and producers, In additions, Japan has changed from a society oriented towards high-volume production and consumption to a more selective society which prefers smaller volume with the tastes of naturally ripended produce. With consumer trends changing there is a new demand on the part of growers for equipment that can not only measure the external quality of produce , but can measure inte nal quality as well.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.509-514
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to analyze the technical efficiency and its determinants for Korean Apiculture farming by using from door to door and e-mail inquiry data. The analysis was implemented through the Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier production function (SFPF) model including the technical inefficiency effect model for cross-sectional data. To measure the SFPF model, honey production was used for a dependent variable, and for input variables labor cost, preventive cost, material cost, feeding cost, depreciation cost were used. Farmer's age, farmer's career, farming scale, full-time or half-time firm and movement or fixed firm variables were used to measure the inefficiency effect model. The average technical efficiency on apiculture farming in Korea is estimated to be 0.8112. It means that there were technical inefficiency of about 18.88% in Korea apiculture farming. In this study there are some suggestions which could increase the technical efficiency of Korean apiculture farming.