• 제목/요약/키워드: agricultural innovation

검색결과 272건 처리시간 0.024초

자연광 기반 적층형 식물공장의 열환경에 대한 수치해석 연구 (Numerical Study on the Thermal Environment of a Natural Light Based Multi-layered Plant Factory)

  • 박동윤;장성택;장성주
    • KIEAE Journal
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    • 제13권5호
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    • pp.43-50
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    • 2013
  • Recent researches on plant factory system deal with the convergence of lighting technology, agricultural technology inclusive to the high-tech industries worldwide in order to respond to the decreasing crop harvest due to global warming and abnormal weather phenomena. However, the fundamental performance standard is not currently being introduced in the case of plants factory and its commercialization is not activated because of high initial investment and operating cost. Large portion of the initial investment and operating cost of a plant factory is ascribed to artificial light sources and thermal control facilities, therefore, innovation should be provided in order to improve the economics of the plant factory. As an alternative, new plant factory could harness solar thermal and geothermal systems for heating, cooling and ventilation. In this study, a natural light dependent multi-layer plant factory's thermal environment was analyzed with two-dimensional numerical methods to elicit efficient operation conditions for optimized internal physical environment. Depending on the supply air temperature and airflow rate introduced in the facility, the temperature changes around the crops was interpreted. Since the air supplied into the plant factory does not stay long enough, the ambient temperature predicted around the plating trays was not significantly different from that of the supplied air. However, the changes of airflow rate and air flow pattern could cause difference to the temperature around the planting trays. Increasing the amount of time of air staying around the planting trays could improve energy performance in case the thermal environment of a natural light based multi-layer plant factory is considered.

캐나다 나이아가라 포도주산업 클러스터의 지역혁신체제 (Regional Innovation Systems of the Creation of Niagara IceWine Cluster in Canada)

  • 신동호
    • 한국경제지리학회지
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    • 제12권3호
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    • pp.260-276
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    • 2009
  • 캐나다 나이아가라 지역은 겨울에 영하 20도를 오르내리는 추위로 유명하다. 그런데도 불구하고 이 지역은 예로부터 포도, 자두, 옥수수 등과 같은 과일과 채소가 많이 생산되고 있다. 이 지역의 선도적인 포도주 양조업자들은 1970년대 중반부터 포도나무를 고급 포도주용으로 개량하고, 기후관계로 타 지역에서 쉽게 생산할 수 없는 아이스와인을 생산하기 시작하여 불과 30여 년만에 세계적인 아이스와인 클러스터로 성장하였다. 나이아가라의 포도주 양조업자들은 포도원(Winery)을 중심으로 음악회 등 각종 컨벤션을 개최하여 포도원 관광객을 유치하는가 하면, 대학과 연구소 등과 협력하여 포도재배와 포도주 양조에 관한 연구개발 및 교육분야에 많은 고용기회를 창출하였다. 또한 주 정부는 주류 판매망과 와인 카운슬(Ontario Wine Council)이라는 기관을 통해 포도주 산업 클러스터의 성장과 발전에 기여하였다. 본 연구는 나이아가라의 이러한 산업집적 현상을 지역혁신론에 입각해서 분석하고, 정책적, 이론적 시사점을 제시한다.

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어촌 소득 증대 방안에 관한 연구 : 어업외 소득을 중심으로 (A Study on Policies to Increase the Income of Fishing Villages Focused on Non-fishing Income)

  • 김성귀;홍장원
    • 수산경영론집
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    • 제35권2호
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    • pp.31-51
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    • 2004
  • The reduction of fishing grounds due to the establishment of EEZ system among China, Japan and Korea together with the depletion of fish resources by pollution of waters and successive reclamation projects along the east and the south coastal lines has made many problems in coastal communities including the decrease of population, the deepening aging phenomenon in the fishery society and the fall of relative income level compared with those of rural and urban residents. Especially, the income level of a fishing household is 90%. of a rural resident and 70% of a urban resident. The income of a fishing household consists of 55% of fishing income, 20% of a agricultural source, 20% of income from non-fishing areas, and 10% of transferred income. Compared with that of a Japanese fishing household which has more diverse income sources such as 62% of income coming from non-fishing areas through being hired in manufacturing firms, etc., that of Korean ones is highly dependent upon fishery and agriculture, so that the diversification of income sources is urgently needed, especially in non-fishing areas. This paper shows that as a model to upgrade fisherman's income level, firstly, it is necessary to enhance the value-added of fishing products through processing and new innovation of distribution process and, secondly, to promote tourism in fishing villages. To ascertain this model, a questionnaire survey to fishermen was carried out and showed that they expressed a strong support for the increase of income by the value-added process through processing and innovative distribution system and the active introduction of tourism in fishing villages. A case study on Gosan cooperative in Jeju was also introduced to identify the rationale of the suggested model and this study proved the validity of the model again. Conclusively speaking, to level up the fisherman's income requires the value- added activities through the introduction of product processing and new distribution system together with the introduction of marine tourism in fishing villages.

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제주도 토양 중 비이온계 농약의 흡착 및 용탈 특성 (Adsorption and Leaching Characteristics of Nonionic Pesticides in Soils of Jeju Island, Korea)

  • 전시범;현익현;이민규;감상규
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제27권7호
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    • pp.561-575
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    • 2018
  • Agricultural soils around springwaters heavily affected by pesticide run-off and around wells considering the regional characteristics were collected at 24 stations in Jeju Island, and the physicochemical properties and adsorption and leaching characteristics of four nonionic pesticides (diazinon, fenitrothion, alachlor, and metalaxyl) were investigated. The values of the major soil factors affecting the adsorption and leaching of pesticides, namely, soil pH($H_2O$), organic matter content, and cation exchange capacity (CEC), were in the range of 4.64 ~ 8.30, 0.9 ~ 13.1% and 12.7 ~ 31.7 meq/100 g, respectively. The Freundlich constant, $K_F$ value, which gives a measure of the adsorption capacity, decreased in the order of fenitrothion > diazinon > alachlor > metalaxyl, which was identical to their lower water solubility. Among the collected soils, the $K_F$ value was very highly correlated with organic matter content ($r^2=0.800{\sim}0.876$) and CEC ($r^2=0.715{\sim}0.825$) and showed a high correlation with clay content ($r^2=0.473{\sim}0.575$) and soil pH($H_2O$) ($r^2=0.401{\sim}0.452$). The leaching of pesticides in the soil column showed a reverse relationhip with their adsorption in soils, i.e., the pesticides leached more quickly for the soils with lower values of organic matter content and CEC among the soils and for the pesticides with higher water solubility.

신기술 수용농가의 시범사업 타당성 및 경영성과 분석 (An analysis on the propriety of pilot project and the Management Performance in Korea's new technology adaptation Farming)

  • 김연중;한혜성
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제16권9호
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    • pp.5859-5864
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    • 2015
  • 본 연구는 농촌진흥청에서 기술시범사업으로 추진하고 있는 마늘주아재배 기술 사업에 대하여 농업경영체의 신기술 수용에 대한 태도, 신기술의 타당성 분석, 기술도입 전후의 경영효과를 분석하는데 그 목적이 있다. 마늘주아재배 농가들은 농업 신기술에 대한 요인들 중 기술만족도(4.30)가 가장 높았으며, 그 다음 새로운 것을 적극적으로 선호하고자 하는 혁신성(4.21) 순으로 나타났다. 반면에 신기술에 대한 위험에 대해서는 관대한 것으로 나타났다. 한편, BMO 모델을 이용하여 마늘 주아재배 기술 사업에 대한 타당성을 평가한 결과에 따르면, 사업 매력도와 적사도가 각각 44점, 45점으로 사업 성공률이 80%이상으로 높았다. 마늘주아 재배기술의 도입 전후의 경영성과 분석에서도 이 사업 참여 농가들은 신기술을 도입 한 후 종구비 절감(43%) 및 수량증가(28%) 등 전반적으로 경영이 개선된 것으로 나타났다.

Current prospects of mushroom production and industrial growth in India

  • Raman, Jegadeesh;Lee, Seul-Ki;Im, Ji-Hoon;Oh, Min-Ji;Oh, Youn-Lee;Jang, Kab-Yeul
    • 한국버섯학회지
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    • 제16권4호
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    • pp.239-249
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    • 2018
  • The global mushroom industry has grown rapidly in recent years in terms of beneficial effects, market value, and demand. India has a wide range of agro-climatic conditions and is largely an agricultural country with a cultivated area of about 4.37 %, generating about 620 million tons of agro waste annually. Mushroom cultivation not only helps recycle agro wastes, but also fills the nutritional gap prevalent among a large population of India. Recently, government industrial policy and creative innovation has promoted research and other endeavors aiming towards the cultivation of mushrooms. Mushroom cultivation in India was initiated in Solan, in the mid-sixties. Mushroom cultivation has been successful in temperate regions of the Himalayas, the Western Ghats, and the hills of northeast India. Recently, many unemployed people have begun to adopt mushroom cultivation as a means of self-employment. It is high time that Indian mushroom cultivators and consumers became aware of the nutritional and medicinal values of cultivated and wild species of mushrooms. The total mushroom production in India between 2010 and 2017 was approximately 0.13 million tons, accounting for a 4.3% increase in the average growth rate of mushrooms per annum. In particular, the total production of white button mushrooms is the highest, with a share of about 73% of total mushroom production. In this review article, we have analyzed the current scenario of the Indian mushroom industry and its contribution to the economic growth of the country.

A novel adaptive unscented Kalman Filter with forgetting factor for the identification of the time-variant structural parameters

  • Yanzhe Zhang ;Yong Ding ;Jianqing Bu;Lina Guo
    • Smart Structures and Systems
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    • 제32권1호
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    • pp.9-21
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    • 2023
  • The parameters of civil engineering structures have time-variant characteristics during their service. When extremely large external excitations, such as earthquake excitation to buildings or overweight vehicles to bridges, apply to structures, sudden or gradual damage may be caused. It is crucially necessary to detect the occurrence time and severity of the damage. The unscented Kalman filter (UKF), as one efficient estimator, is usually used to conduct the recursive identification of parameters. However, the conventional UKF algorithm has a weak tracking ability for time-variant structural parameters. To improve the identification ability of time-variant parameters, an adaptive UKF with forgetting factor (AUKF-FF) algorithm, in which the state covariance, innovation covariance and cross covariance are updated simultaneously with the help of the forgetting factor, is proposed. To verify the effectiveness of the method, this paper conducted two case studies as follows: the identification of time-variant parameters of a simply supported bridge when the vehicle passing, and the model updating of a six-story concrete frame structure with field test during the Yangbi earthquake excitation in Yunnan Province, China. The comparison results of the numerical studies show that the proposed method is superior to the conventional UKF algorithm for the time-variant parameter identification in convergence speed, accuracy and adaptability to the sampling frequency. The field test studies demonstrate that the proposed method can provide suggestions for solving practical problems.

Radiometric examination of fertilizers and assessment of their health hazards, commonly used in Pakistan

  • Hannan Younis;Sumbilah Shafique;Zahida Ehsan;Aleena Ishfaq;Khurram Mehboob;Muhammad Ajaz;Abdullah Hidayat;Wazir Muhammad
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제55권7호
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    • pp.2447-2453
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    • 2023
  • The radioactivity concentrations of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) i.e., 226Ra, 232Th, and 4K in various chemical fertilizers being used in the agricultural soil of Pakistan were determined utilizing gamma spectrometry by employing a High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector. The radioactivity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 4K extended from 2.58 ± 0.8-265.7 ± 8.8 Bq kg-1, 1.53 ± 0.14-76.6 ± 1.07 Bq kg-1 and 36.5 ± 1.34-15606.7 ± 30.2 Bq kg-1 respectively. The radiological hazard parameters such as internal and external indices and annual effective dose rates were calculated, while excessive lifetime cancer risk factors for the indoor and outdoor areas were found in the range from 0.3×10-3 to 10.723×10-3 and 0.03×10-3 to 2.7948×10-3 of most fertilizers, however, some values were slightly higher than the UNSCEAR (The United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation) recommended values for potash-containing fertilizers such as MOP (Muriate of Potash).

고려의 원시영역 유목초지, 그 부르칸(불함)이즘과 한국축산의 비전 (Burqanism from the Origin of the Pastoral Nomadic Koryo Region and the Vision of Korean Livestock Farming)

  • 주채혁
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제25권1호
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    • pp.71-82
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    • 2005
  • Khori(高麗) refers to the Chaabog(reindeer) that live on lichens(蘚) on Mt. Soyon(鮮) in which pastures are the cold and dry plateau of North Eurasia. Thus, the origin region of the Khori or Koguryo that are the ancestors of the reindeer-herding pastoral nomads(馴鹿 遊牧民) can be said to be the Steppe-Taiga-Tundra pastoral areas of North Eurasia and North America. When the pastoral nomads moved on to the great mountain(大山) zone of the Jangbaek(長白) to the Baekdu(白頭) Mountains, they could have been in contact with pastoral farmers or agricultural farmers living there and they became the farmers remaining on agricultural farms. They were the Koryo people, the ancestors of Korea. Staying in one place, they gradually forgot the origin of their reindeer-herding pastoral nomadic history in the Northwest area of Mt. Soyon, the small mountain(小山) zone of the Steppe-Taiga-Tundra pastoral areas. In other words, they lost their identity as reindeer-herding pastoral nomads when they entered the agricultural area after leaving the pastoral area. However, since their basic genes had already formed when they lived on the cold and dry plateau of North Eurasia, it is possible to study their pastoral nomadic history focusing on 'the minority living in the broad area(廣域少數)', by utilizing highly advanced biotechnological science and focusing on genes and information technology innovation, and removing various past hindrances in research. Therefore, it is not so difficult to restore the reindeerherding pastoral nomadic history of the Koguryo(高句麗) people and secure their pastoral nomadic identity, of which the first steps have already been taken into their historical stages. The Eurasian continent and the Korean peninsula, especially the cold and dry plateau of North Eurasia and the Korean peninsula have been closely related to each other ecologically and historically. They can never be a separate space at all. The Eurasian continent lies horizontally east to west and thus, the continent forms an isothermal zone. Also, since the time of producing their own foods, it was relatively easy for people with their technology to move to other places owing to the pastoral nomadic characteristic of mobility. Unlike the Chungyen(中原) region, western Asia and the regions covering the Siberia-Manchu-Korean peninsula where food production revolution was first made were connected to the Mongolian lichens route(蘚苔之路: Ni, ukinii jam) and steppe roads. Although the ecological conditions of nature have changed a bit throughout a long history, it was natural for the many tribes in North Asia living on the largest Steppe-Taiga-Tundra area in the world to have believed 'the legends related to animals in relation to their founders and ancestors(獸祖傳說)'. Assuming that Siberian tigers and the tigers living on Mt. Baekdu were connected ecologically and genetically because of the ecological characteristics of the animals, and their migration from plateau to plateau, we would suspect that the Chosun(朝鮮) tribe living on Mt. Baekdu were ethnically and culturally more closely connected to the farther removed Ural-Altai tribes that lived on the cold and dry plateau region than to the Han(i14;) tribe who lived in Chungyen(中原) that was close to Mt. Baekdu. More evidence is the structure of the Korean language which has the form of 'Subject + Object + Verb', which is assumed to have originated from the speedy lifestyle of the reindeer-herding pastoral nomads. The structure is quite different from that of the Han(漢) language, which is based on agricultural life. Also, it is natural for reindeer riding reindeerherding pastoral nomads or horse-riding sheep-herding pastoral nomads(騎馬, 羊遊牧民) to have held military and political power over the region and eventually to have established an ancient pastoral nomadic empire in the process of their conquest of agricultural regions. The stages for founding global empires in the history of mankind maybe largely divided into two, in terms of ecological conditions and occupations. They are the steppes and the oceans. Of course, the steppe-based empires were established based on the skills to deal with horses and the ability to shoot arrows while riding horses, along with the use of iron ware in the 8th century BC. The steppe-based empires became the foundation for an oceanic empire, which could have been established by the use of warships and warship guns since the 15th Century. Based on those facts, we know that Chosun, Puyo(夫餘), and Koguryo are the products of a developmental process of pastoral nomadic empires on the steppes. Maybe we can easily find the pastoral nomadic identity of the Koguryo more than we expected when we trace the origins and history of the Korean tribe living in the pastures located in the northwest area of Mt. Jangbaek by focusing on pastoral nomadic mobility and organization just as we have investigated the historic origins of Anglo-Saxons in America by focusing on the times before the 15th Century. In the process, we should keep in mind that English culture originated from the Industrial Revolution and was directly delivered to the American continent, although America was far from England and was not an intermediate point on long sojourns either. Further, American culture came back to England in a more advanced form later. The most important thing currently to be resolved is to cause Koreans to look back on their own history in a freer way of thinking and with diverse, profound, and sharp insight, taking away the old and existing conventional recognition that is entangled with complicated interests with Korean people and other countries. The meanings of Chosun, Khori, and Solongos have been interpreted arbitrarily without any historic evidence by the scholars who followed conventional tradition of fixed-minded aristocrats in an agricultural society. If the Siberian cultural properties of the stone age, the earthenware age, the bronze age, and the iron age are analyzed in such a way, archaeological discovery will never be able to contribute to the restoration of the Koguryo's pastoral nomadic identity. One should transcend the errors that tend to interpret the cultural properties discovered in the pastoral nomadic regions as not being differentiated from those of agricultural regions and just interpret them altogether from the agricultural point of view. A more careful intention is required in the interpretation of cultural properties of ancient Korean empires that seem to have been formed due to mutual interactions of pastoral nomadic and agricultural cultures. Also, it is required that the conventional recognition chain of 'reverse-genes' be severed, which has placed more weight on agricultural properties than pastoral nomadic ones, since their settlement on agricultural farms was made after the establishment of their ancient pastoral nomadic empires. There is no reason at all to place priority on stoneware, earthenware, bronze ware, and iron ware than on wooden ware(木器) and other ware which were made of animal skins(皮器), bones and horns(骨角器), in analyzing the history in the regions of reindeer or sheep pastures. Reading ancient Korean history from the perspective of pastoral nomadic history, one feels strongly the instinctive emotions to return to the natural 'mother place'. The reindeer-herding pastoral nomadic identity of the Koguryo people that has been accumulated in volumes in their genes and hidden deep inside and have interacted organically could be reborn with Burqanism(Burqan refers to 不咸 in Chinese), which was their religion by birth and symbolized as the red willow(紅柳=不咸). The mother place of the Koguryo's people is the endless vast green pastures of North Eurasia and North America, where we anticipated the development of Korean livestock farming following the inherent properties in the genes of the reindeer-herding pastoral nomads with Korean ancestors. We anticipate that the place would be the core resource that could contribute to the development of life of living creatures following the inherent properties of their genes and biotechnological factors. In other words, biotechnology used for a search for clues on the well-being of humans could be the fruit brought by Burqanism of the Koguryo people and the fruit of the globalization of Korean livestock farming. It is the Chosun farmer in China come from the vast nomadic reindeer pastures of North Eurasia that resolved the food problem of a billion Chinese people with lowland paddy rice seeds (水稻) by transforming Heilongjiang Province(黑龍江省) into an oceanic lowland paddy rice field(水田). Even Mao Tse-tung(毛擇東) could not resolve the food problem by his revolution campaigns for tens of years. Today is the very time that requires the development of special livestock farming following the inherent properties of the ancient Korean reindeer-herding pastoral nomads that respected the dignity of life on the cold and dry plateau of North Eurasia and the America continent. I suggest that research should be started from the pastures of the Dariganga Steppe in East Mongolia that was the homeland of Hanwoo(韓牛) and the central horse-herding steppe place(牧馬場) of Chingis Khan's Mongolia. The Dariganga Steppe is awash with an affluent natural environment for pastoral nomadic living however, the quality of life of the pastoral nomads there is still low. I suggest we Koreans, the descendents of the Koguryo, should take our first steps for our livestock farming business project and develop the Northern nomadic pastures, here at the pastures of the Dariganga Steppe, which is the Mongolian core place of state-of-the-art technology for military weapons.

한국 경제지리학의 회고와 전망 (Retrospect and Prospect of Economic Geography in Korea)

  • 이원호;이승철;구양미
    • 대한지리학회지
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    • 제47권4호
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    • pp.522-540
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    • 2012
  • 본 연구는 1950년대 중반 이후 나타난 한국 경제지리학의 연구 성과와 과제를 검토하여 한국 경제지리학의 지향점과 연구 과제를 제시하는데 주안점을 두었다. 20세기 후반 이후 경제지리학은 새로운 이슈, 이론, 방법론 등의 도입과 함께 크게 발전하였다. 이에 따라 한국 경제지리학도 지난 반세기 동안 연구의 양적인 면과 질적인 면에서 크게 발전하였다. 본 논문은 1950년대 중반 이후 한국의 농업지리학, 공업지리학, 상업지리학 등의 문헌을 검토함으로써 한국 경제지리학의 동향을 분석하고자 하였다. 한국 경제지리학은 연구의 주제와 접근방법을 기반으로 네 개 시기- 요람기(1950년대), 정립기(1960~1970년대), 도약기(1980~1990년대 중반), 전환기(1990년대 후기 이후) -로 구분할 수 있다. 1980년대 한국 경제지리학의 연구 관심이 공업지리학으로 옮겨지면서 농업지리학은 크게 쇠퇴하였다. 특히, 1990년대 후반 이후 가치사슬, 혁신 클러스터, 협력과 경쟁 네트워크, 해외직접투자, 유연적 전문화, 벤처 생태계 등과 같은 주요 이슈를 중심으로 새로운 제도적 관점의 이론이 도입되면서 공업지리학은 크게 성장하였다. 상업지리학에서는 1980년대까지 정기시장, 상품 유통, 상가 구조 등에 관한 연구가 주로 이루어졌으나, 1990년대 이후에는 생산자 서비스를 중심으로 한 서비스 산업과 새로운 양식의 출현에 따른 소비 입지 형태와 상권에 관한 연구들이 많이 이루어졌다. 이와 더불어 1990년대 후반 이후 신경제지리학과 관련된 많은 연구와 담론들이 출현하기 시작하였다. 특히, 제도적 관점, 지식과 혁신, 생산 사슬과 혁신 네트워크, 산업 클러스터와 지역혁신체제 등을 중심으로 다양한 경제공간의 변화에 대한 연구가 활발히 이루어졌다. 한국 경제지리학은 1990년대 이후 급격한 양적 질적 성장을 이루었지만, 여전히 대부분의 연구가 몇몇 특정 공간과 이슈에 집중되어 있는 한계를 가지고 있다. 따라서 경제지리학 전반에서 볼 때, 새로운 이론적 및 방법론적 관점과 접근 방식을 보다 적극적으로 도입하여 연구 주제를 다양화 시켜야 할 뿐만 아니라 연구의 공간 범위도 다층화하는 것이 앞으로 중점으로 지향해야 할 주요 연구 과제이다.

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