• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.397-405
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• 2020

Beech mushroom (Hypsizygus marmoreus) is one of the most popular mushrooms in Japan, China, and Korea because of its delicious taste, nutritious value, and unique crunchy texture. In 2018-2019, unusual signs on the mushroom were observed in mushroom farms in Gyeongnam Province. The main signs were the inhibition of mycelial growth and primordial formation on the surface of mushroom media. When green mold caused contamination at early stage, the rate of pinhead formation by the mushroom greatly decreased to 46.5-71.5%. Conidia of the causal green mold were ellipsoidal, dark green, and measured 2.0-3.1㎛ long. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth of the green mold was 25℃. The phylogenetic tree obtained from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA sequences showed that the isolated green mold corresponded to Penicillium brevicompactum (100.0%). This is the first report of green mold contamination caused by P. brevicompactum on H. marmoreus.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.146-159
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• 2011

The continuous increase in the production of metals and their subsequent release into the environment has lead to increased concentration of these elements in agricultural soils. Because microbes are involved in almost every chemical transformations taking place in the soil, considerable attention has been given to assessing their responses to metal contaminants. Short-term and long-term exposures to toxic metals have been shown to reduce microbial diversity, biomass and activities in the soil. Several studies show that microbial parameters like basal respiration, metabolic quotient, and enzymatic activities, including those of oxidoreductases and those involved in the cycle of C, N, P and other elements, exhibit sensitivity to soil metal concentrations. These have been therefore, regarded as good indices for assessing the impact of metal contaminants to the soil. Metal contamination has also been extensively shown to decrease species diversity and cause shifts in microbial community structure. Biochemical and molecular techniques that are currently being employed to detect these changes are continuously challenged by several limiting factors, although showing some degree of sensitivity and efficiency. Variations and inconsistencies in the responses of bioindicators to metal stress in the soil can also be explained by differences in bioavailability of the metal to the microorganisms. This, in turn, is influenced by soil characteristics such as CEC, pH, soil particles and other factors. Therefore, aside from selecting the appropriate techniques to better understand microbial responses to metals, it is also important to understand the prevalent environmental conditions that interplay to bring about observed changes in any given soil parameter.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.105-121
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• 2018

In 1995, the WTO started to ease the trade barriers. Globalization has accelerated. The opening of the agricultural products market is rapidly gaining momentum with the conclusion of an FTA. The acceleration of this FTA is expected to be a threat to Korea's agriculture, and a new strategy is needed. At the beginning of the nuclear accident, mainly radioactive materials are found in the surface layer of the soil. Over time, the concentration of the plant gradually increases. After 5 years, it becomes noticeable. In March 2016, it will be five years after the nuclear accident. Radioactive contamination is very likely to occur in agricultural products produced in the Fukushima area at this time. In this period, agricultural products produced in the Fukushima region are expected to generate supply disruptions in Japan, and imports to replace them will increase. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a mid- and long-term strategy for exporting to Japan by analyzing the competitiveness of Korean agricultural products. In this study, standardization index was derived by using agricultural price ratio, TSI, export CAC. Based on this, we analyzed the competitiveness of each item in the Japanese market. The analysis shows that garlic is the most competitive product in the Japanese market. Also, strawberry, tomato, and cucumber were found to be competitive. On the other hand, Kiwi, pineapple, soybean, onion, potato, etc. As a result of the analysis, the following strategies were proposed for the export of agricultural products with high competitiveness. First, it is necessary to develop technology to suppress deterioration of export transportation quality. Second, continuous supply of local consumption pattern information is required. Third, it is necessary to expand exports by processing fresh food. Fourth, it suggested the establishment of export base and strengthening of support system.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.22-32
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• 2012

This study suggests a method to grade groundwater quality quantitatively using statistical approaches for evaluating the quality of groundwater in wells included in the Groundwater Quality Monitoring Network (GQMN). The proposed analysis method is applied to GQMN data from 2001 to 2008 for nitrate nitrogen, chloride, trichloroethylene, potential of hydrogen (pH), and electrical conductivity. The analysis results are obtained as groundwater quality grades of the groundwater representing each of the monitoring stations. The degree of groundwater contamination is analysed for water quality parameters, district, and usage. The results show that the degree of groundwater contamination is relatively high by nitrate nitrogen, bacteria and electrical conductivity and at Seoul, Incheon, Gwangju, Gyeonggido and Jeollado. The degree of contamination by nitrate nitrogen and trichloroethylene is especially high when the groundwater is used for agricultural and industrial water, respectively. It is evaluated that potable groudnwater in GQMN is significantly vulnerable to nitrate nitrogen and bacteria contamination.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.144-152
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• 2003

Laboratory experiments were carried out to investigate the influence of pore water contamination on the treatment effect of sandy soil which was solidified by Portland cement. In the experiments, setting time of hydraulic cement that was mixed with contaminated mixing water was measured using Vicat equipment and observed the tendency of setting process with the kind of contaminants, organic or inorganic components. It was shown that organic contaminants of the mixing water affect largely on the initial setting process of hydraulic cement and inorganics, expecially heavy metals, did not affect on the initial setting process, otherwise it was appeared that setting time of the sandy soil that was contaminated with inorganic components was apparently faster than the sandy soil that did not include inorganic components even though organic concentrations was relatively low level (COD=200∼300) in the mixing water. The results of unconfined compression strength test (UCST) were well consistent with the results of Vicat equipment test.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.347-357
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• 2015

Baswflow is defined as short term discharge through groundwater caused by rainfall events. Impacts of baseflow is significant on water quality especially where pervious agricultural watershed as groundwater is more vulnerable to the contamination. In this study, the Cheongmicheon watershed was subjected to study to assess the impacts of baseflow on surface water quality, where more than 90% of pollutant load is originated from the livestock raising area, and very high probability of surface water contamination due to the baseflow. To estimate nutrient loading cased by baseflow, NI (Numerical Integration) model and LOADEST (LOADing ESTimation) model were used.

• BMB Reports
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.537-540
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• 2000

A simplified but reliable method was developed for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based detection of genetically modified (GM) plants. The modified CTAB (mCTAB) method enabled us to prepare a high quality of genomic DNA from several hundred plant leaf samples in one day. Using DNA samples prepared from seven dicots and two monocots, approximately 1.75-kb regions spanning 17 S to 25 S ribosomal RNA genes were successfully amplified in a 2X PCR pre-mix containing BLOTTO. Further fidelity assessment of the mCTAB method by PCR analysis with Roundup Ready soybean (RRS) and non-RRS plants showed that the DNA samples prepared alternately from each of two lines were evidently free of cross-contamination. These results demonstrate that the mCTAB method is highly recommended for the rapid detection of transgenes in large numbers of leaf samples from diverse transgenic plants.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2000.11c
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• pp.811-818
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• 2000

Agricultural chemicals spraying is one of the most efficient methods for pesticides control. General farming groups use Speed Sprayer but its deposition amount on practical crops is only 20% of total amount in SS case. Agricultural chemicals which fail to arrive the crops not only cause environmental contamination but loss of agriculture chemicals by lower deposition efficiency. For the purpose of improvement of these problems, this experiment proposes SS attachment type electrostatic induction spraying apparatus with DC power which improves deposition efficiency of agriculture chemicals on the crops.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.145-151
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• 2007

Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines is the causal agent of bacterial pustule of soybean(Glycine max. (L.) Merr), which is one of the most prevalent bacterial diseases in Korea. In this study, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay was applied to detect Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines and to survey on seed contamination in 36 soybean cultivars of Korea. And we have to compare PCR assay with dilution-plating assay of detection and identification. We confirmed detection of pathogen from artificial infected seeds and natural Infected seeds using PCR assay. This assay gave results similar to a seed-wash dilution plating assay and proved more effective than classical methods. Results of survey on seed contamination by X. axonopodis pv. glycines from 36 cultivar seeds showed that the pathogen was detected from Pungsan-namulkong, Mallikong, Taekwangkong, Daemangkong, Ajukkarikong using PCR assay. Therefore, The PCR assay provides a sensitive, rapid tool for the specific detection of X. axonopodis pv. glycines in soybean seeds.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.297.2-297
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• 2001