• 제목/요약/키워드: agricultural and processed products

검색결과 164건 처리시간 0.029초

감마선을 이용한 최소가공 절임배추의 저장성 및 품질특성

  • 안현주;김재경;김재현;김동호;이주운;이유석;변명우
    • 한국식품저장유통학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국식품저장유통학회 2003년도 제23차 추계총회 및 국제학술심포지움
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    • pp.185.1-185
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    • 2003
  • 최근 세계적으로 편의식품의 소비가 증가하면서 과채류의 신선도를 유지시킴과 동시에 편리하게 조리에 이용할 수 있는 최소가공식품(minimally processed foods)의 시장이 확대되고 있다. 그러나, 기개발된 최소가공 과채류는 미생물학적 안전성 및 색 변화 등의 문제점을 수반하여 이 부분을 보완할 수 있는 기술개발이 시급한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 감마선을 이용하여 미생물학적 안전성 및 저장성을 향상시킨 최소가공식품 개발의 일환으로, 김치를 모델식품으로 원료배추의 최소가공식품을 개발하기 위해 미생물학적, 이화학적 품질특성을 조사하였다. 절단한 배추의 염농도가 3%가 되도록 절임 및 함기포장 하고, 0~2 kGy의 선량으로 감마선 조사한 후 4$^{\circ}C$에서 3주 동안 저장, 분석하였다. 비조사구의 경우 총균수, coliform Salmonella spp., lactic acid bacteria 등이 모두 7 log cycle 수준을 보였으며, 감마선 조사시 2-5 log cycle 이상 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 색도, 물성 등은 감마선 조사에 의해 비조사구와의 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 감마선 조사시 절임배추의 발효현상에 의해 나타나는 pH 저하를 억제할 수 있어 저장성을 향상시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 감마선 조사를 이용한 최소가공 절임배추의 개발시 미생물학적 안전성을 보장하면서, 이화학적 특성이 저하되지 않고 저장성을 향상시킨 최소가공식품을 개발할 수 있었다.

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타타리메밀싹 발효추출물의 영양성분 및 생리활성 (Components and Biological Effects of Fermented Extract from Tartary Buckwheat Sprouts)

  • 장광진;서건식;김양식;황대선;박종인;박정자;임용섭;박병재;박철호;이만휘
    • 한국자원식물학회지
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    • 제23권2호
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    • pp.131-137
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    • 2010
  • 본 연구에서는 타타리메밀싹을 이용한 고부가가치 가공상품을 개발하기 위하여 타타리메밀싹 발효추출물의 영양성분과 생리활성을 검정하였다. 일반 영양성분분석에서는 메밀싹 발효추출물은 단백질, 나트륨, 아연, 마그네슘에서 약간 높은 함량을 보였으나, 메밀전초 발효추출물은 나머지 무기물과 비타민에서 높게 나타났다. 동물실험을 통한 항당뇨 및 혈중지질에 관한 생리활성 검정 결과, 메밀싹 발효추출물이 짧은 기간의 실험임에도 불구하고 혈중 LDL-cholesterol의 수치를 낮추고, HDL-cholesterol의 수치를 올려주어 혈중 total lipid를 낮추는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 동맥경화지수인 atherogenic index의 감소를 나타내었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 타타리메밀싹의 발효추출물은 혈중 지질의 개선을 통해 순환기 질환에 효과를 줄 수있다는 가능성을 제시하였다. 하지만 제품화하여 메밀의 새로운 수요창출 및 부가가치를 높이기 위해서는 장기적인 동물실험 및 제품이 갖추어야 할 조건에 대한 관능검사 등 추가적인 연구를 필요로 한다.

Quantification of Karanjin Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography in Raw and Detoxified Karanj (Pongamia glabra vent) Seed Cake

  • Prabhu, T.M.;Devakumar, C.;Sastry, V.R.B.;Agrawa, D.K.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.416-420
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    • 2002
  • Various products of karanj (Pongamia glabra) are utilized for industrial, health and animal agriculture applications in the Indian subcontinent. Despite a rich source of protein (CP, 28-34%), karanj cake was found to be slightly bitter in taste and toxic owing to the presence of flavonoid (Karanjin), restricting its safe inclusion in the livestock diets. Feeding trials with raw cake revealed its poor palatability and adverse performance among different categories of livestock including poultry. The present study was, therefore, aimed to detoxify karanj cake by various physico-chemical methods like solvent extraction, water washing, pressure cooking and alkali and acid treatments. The level of residual karanjin in raw and variously processed cake was quantified using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The raw expeller karanj cake was found to contain about 0.19% of karanjin. Though a non-polar solvent, soxhlet extraction of expeller pressed cake with petroleum ether drastically reduced karanjin content (0.01%). Soaking of cake for 24 h in 1% NaOH (w/w) solution was found to reduce karanjin to a major extent with little further benefit by increasing alkali level. Milder alkalies like lime and fertilizer grade urea reduced the karanjin levels marginally. Similar was the case with mineral acids such as HCl and glacial acetic acid. It was, therefore, concluded that solvent extraction of karanj seeds would be the best method of detoxification as well as for more recovery of oil and karanjin.

대두(大豆)요구르트 제조과정중(製造過程中)의 성분변화(成分變化) (Changes of Chemical Composition during Lactic Acid Fermentation of Soy Milk)

  • 금종화;오만진
    • 농업과학연구
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    • 제11권1호
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    • pp.34-44
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    • 1984
  • 대두(大豆)요구르트 제품의 품질을 향상시키고 소화율이 증진된 제품을 개발하기 위한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여 대두(大豆), 탈지대두(脫脂大豆) 및 발아대두(發芽大豆)를 원료로 대두(大豆)요구르트를 제조하였다. 이때 제조과정중의 각종성분, 생균수 및 당류의 변화를 측정하고, 기호성을 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. Lactobacillus acidophilus의 초기산생성은 탈지두유에서 가장 높았고, 균의 생육은 발아두유에서 가장 왕성하였다. 2. 두유에 2% glucose를 첨가하면 산생성은 촉진되었다. 3. 대두유 및 탈지두유에 환원탈지유(還元脫脂乳)의 첨가로 산생성은 촉진되었으나, 발아두유에 있어서는 첨가효과가 인정되지 않았다. 4. 대두를 발아처리하면 raffinose와 stachyose의 함량은 감소되었고 glucose는 증가하였다. 5. 두유를 젖산발효시키면 raffinose나 stachyose의 함량은 감소되었다. 6. 관능검사(官能儉査)결과 발아두유에 10%의 환원세지유(還元稅脂乳)를 첨가하여 조제한 발아대두요구르트가 풍미면에서 가장 양호하였다.

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Drying characteristics of lotus root under microwave and hot-air combination drying

  • Joe, Sung Yong;So, Jun Hwi;Lee, Seung Hyun
    • 농업과학연구
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    • 제47권3호
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    • pp.519-532
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    • 2020
  • Because lotus root has a short shelf life, the quality easily deteriorates. Thus, the harvested lotus roots are processed into a variety of products. Drying is one of the simplest food preservation methods, which can increase food stability. However, the convective drying method takes a long time and requires high energy consumption. Combination drying methods have emerged to overcome the limitations of the convective drying method. This study investigated the drying characteristics of lotus root and determined the optimal drying model of lotus root depending on the microwave and hot-air combination drying conditions. The lotus root slices (5 mm in thickness and 40 mm in diameter) were dried by different drying conditions that were combined with three microwave power levels (50, 100, and 150 W) and two hot air temperatures (50 and 60℃) at a velocity of 5 m·s-1. Eight drying models were tested to evaluate the fit to the experimental drying data, and the effective moisture diffusion (Deff) values of the lotus root slices dried by combination drying were estimated. The combination drying time of the lotus root was significantly reduced with the high air temperature and microwave power. The effective moisture diffusion (Deff) of lotus root was more affected by the air temperature than microwave power intensity. Logarithmic model was most suitable to describe the drying curve of lotus root in the microwave-hot air combination drying method.

버섯과학과 버섯산업의 동향 (Trends of mushroom science and mushroom industry)

  • 유영복;공원식;오세종;정종천;장갑열;전창성
    • 한국버섯학회지
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    • 제3권1호
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    • pp.1-23
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    • 2005
  • 세계의 버섯 생산량은 매년 10-20% 증가해 왔으며 다품목화 되어가고 있다. 최근에는 큰느타리, 백령느타리 등이 새로운 품목으로 재배 면적이 증가하고 있다. 우리나라에서는 고려시대 저술한 김부식의 삼국사기(1145년)에 처음으로 금지(영지)와 서지가 기록되었고, 조선시대에는 16종류 이상의 농서 또는 의학서에서 버섯의 이용이 기록되었다. 상업적으로 이용되는 버섯으로는 지금까지 25종의 160품종이 보급되었다. 하지만 품종보호등록은 8품종만이 이루어져 아주 적은 편이다. 버섯산업이 1960년대 수출산업으로 육성되면서 자실체 생산량은 계속 증가해왔다. 2003년에는 181,828톤으로 생산가액 약 8,000억원을 능가할 것으로 추정된다. 버섯의 유효성분이 많이 알려지고 있는데 항균, 항염증, 항종양, 항바이러스, 항세균과 항기생물, 혈압조절, 심장혈관 장애 방지, 콜레스테롤 과소혈증과 지방과다 혈증 방지, 항당뇨, 면역조절, 강신장, 간장 독성 보호, 신경섬유 활성화, 생식력 증진의 효과가 있다. 따라서 버섯 의약품, 건강음료, 가공식품, Biotransformation에 의한 신기능성 제품 개발 등이 이루어지고 있다. 또한 버섯은 환경정화 기능이 뛰어나 환경오염 물질의 정화가 가능하며, 버섯재배후 배지를 이용하여 퇴비생산, 가축사료 생산에 이용된다. 한국의 버섯산업은 이미 가장 빨리 성장하는 농업 투자분야로 되었다. 그러나 버섯산업의 국제 경쟁력 강화를 위하여 국내고유의 품종개발에 의한 품종보호등록이 시급하다. 또한 저렴한 생산기술 개발과 유통구조 개선에 의한 생산량 조절이 이루어져야 버섯산업이 더욱 발전할 수 있을 것이다.

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주부의 연령대별 농식품 소비 특성 비교 (Comparison of Housewives' Agricultural Food Consumption Characteristics by Age)

  • 홍준호;김진실;유연주;이경희;조완섭
    • 한국빅데이터학회지
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    • 제6권1호
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    • pp.83-89
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    • 2021
  • 라이프스타일이 빠르게 변화하고 있고, 식생활과 식품가공 기술의 발전에 따라 가구별로 식품 소비패턴이 매우 다양하다. 본 논문은 가구 단위의 농식품 구매 정보를 담고 있는 농촌진흥청이 구축하고 있는 소비자 패널 데이터의 식품군을 재분류하고 농식품 소비행위 주체인 패널 대표자의 연령대별로 그룹화하여 농식품 소비 특성 비교를 하였다. 연령대 구분의 기준은 대사질환 유병률로 20% 이상인 60대 이상 그룹과 10% 미만인 30~40대 그룹으로 나누었다. LightGBM 알고리즘을 사용하여 30~40대와 60대 이상의 식품 소비패턴의 차이를 분류 분석한 결과 정밀도는 0.85, 재현율은 0.71, F1_score는 0.77로 나타났다. 변수중요도의 결과는 과자류, 엽경채나물류, 조미채류, 과채류, 수산물류 순이었으며, SHAP 지표의 상위 5개 값은 과자류, 수산물류, 조미채류, 과채류, 엽경채나물류 순이었다. 이상치에 민감한 평균을 대신한 중앙값으로 소비패턴을 이진 분류한 결과 과자류의 경우 30~40대가 60대보다 두 배 이상 높은 것을 알 수 있었다. 이외의 변수에서도 30~40대와 60대 이상 사이에서 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 연구 결과 30~40대는 60대보다 과자류를 두 배 이상 소비하는 패턴을 보였으며, 60대의 경우 30~40대보다 수산물, 조미채류, 과채류, 엽경채나물류를 두 배 이상 섭취하였다. 상위 5개 품목 외에도 밀가공식품인 과자, 빵류, 면류에서 30~40대의 소비가 높았으며, 이는 60대의 식품 소비패턴과 차이를 보였다.

GAP 인증인삼 현황과 4P 전략 (Situations of GAP certified ginseng and 4P's strategies)

  • 김관후;홍승지
    • 농업과학연구
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    • 제38권2호
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    • pp.369-381
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    • 2011
  • Ginseng in Korea has not only the big production value but also till a good reputation from overseas in the name of 'Korea Ginseng'. Having spread rapidly nationwide from 2000 year, its production keeps on increasing but its consumption becomes lazy and its price is also falling down because of comsumer's concern about mainly overusing pesticide for ginseng. In order to cope with this problem, the government introduced the GAP certification system to ginseng in 2006 to reflect consumer's needs for food safety. This system will be a good opportunity to promote ginseng consumption dramatically. In this aspect it is very important to know how well this system is established and how ginseng farmers build marketing strategies to draw new wind in the market. This study was carried out to look over the GAP certified ginseng system and show its marketing strategies using 4P's(product, place, promotion and price). The main results are as follows. GAP ginseng system currently has some weaknesses such as lack of systematic certification management and after-service, nonrealistic certification fee and poor linkage from production to consumption. In the marketing mix strategies, product strategy suggests that the most desirable appearance be transplanted ginseng filled with branch roots and 4 to 5 year-ginseng, and it is necessary to choose multi-brand strategy divided for present into for self-sufficiency and family brand strategy by use if its brand enlarges to processed products in the future. In the place strategy, 3 stages like 'producer group' - 'GAP certified facility' - 'sales shop' are based as the physical marketing channel according to traceability, and connected with giant retail market and environment friendly stand, and if its sales volume enlarges, it should be considered the GAP ginseng specialized marketplace which is a type of chain store. In the promotion strategy, the promotion of government level is necessary at first and producer alliances require the promotion targeting at the group of women under 40 with differentiation from price, quality, and safety. In the price strategy, the early stage-high price strategy which sets 20~25% higher for self-sufficiency and 30~35% for present is desirable.

Alternaria mycotoxins and its incidence in fruits and vegetables

  • Patriarca, Andrea
    • 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국균학회 2018년도 춘계학술대회 및 임시총회
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    • pp.13-13
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    • 2018
  • Alternaria is a ubiquitous fungal genus, widely distributed in the environment and a range of different habitats. It includes both plant pathogenic and saprophytic species, which can affect crops in the field or cause post-harvest spoilage of plant fruits and kernels. Numerous Alternaria species cause damage to agricultural products including cereal grains, fruits and vegetables, and are responsible for severe economic losses worldwide. Most Alternaria species have the ability to produce a variety of secondary metabolites, which may play important roles in plant pathology as well as food quality and safety. Alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), tenuazonic acid (TeA), tentoxin (TEN) and altenuene (ALT) are considered the main Alternaria compounds thought to pose a risk to human health. However, food-borne Alternaria species are able to produce many additional metabolites, whose toxicity has been tested incompletely or not tested at all. Both alternariols are mutagenic and their presence in cereal grain has been associated with high levels of human esophageal cancer in China. TeA exerts cytotoxic and phytotoxic properties, and is acutely toxic in different animal species, causing hemorrhages in several organs. The possible involvement of TA in the etiology of onyalai, a human hematological disorder occurring in Africa, has been suggested. Altertoxins (ALXs) have been found to be more potent mutagens and acutely toxic to mice than AOH and AME. Other metabolites, such as TEN, are reported to be phytotoxins, and their toxicity on animals has not been demonstrated up to now. Vegetable foods infected by Alternaria rot are obviously not suitable for consumption. Thus, whole fresh fruits are not believed to contribute significantly with Alternaria toxins to human exposure. However, processed vegetable products may introduce considerable amounts of these toxins to the human diet if decayed or moldy fruit is not removed before processing. The taxonomy of the genus is not well defined yet, which makes it difficult to establish an accurate relationship between the contaminant species and their associated mycotoxins. Great efforts have been made to organize taxa into subgeneric taxonomic levels, especially for the small-spored, food associated species, which are closely related and constitute the most relevant food pathogens from this genus. Several crops of agricultural value are susceptible to infection by different Alternaria species and can contribute to the entry of Alternaria mycotoxins in the food chain. The distribution of Alternaria species was studied in different commodities grown in Argentina. These food populations were characterized through a polyphasic approach, with special interest in their secondary metabolite profiles, to understand their full chemical potential. Alternaria species associated with tomato, bell pepper, blueberry, apples and wheat cultivated in Argentina showed a surprisingly high metabolomic and mycotoxigenic potential. The natural occurrence of Alternaria toxins in these foods was also investigated. The results here presented will provide background for discussion on regulations for Alternaria toxins in foods.

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Evaluation of the correlation between the muscle fat ratio of pork belly and pork shoulder butt using computed tomography scan

  • Sheena Kim;Jeongin Choi;Eun Sol Kim;Gi Beom Keum;Hyunok Doo;Jinok Kwak;Sumin Ryu;Yejin Choi;Sriniwas Pandey;Na Rae Lee;Juyoun Kang;Yujung Lee;Dongjun Kim;Kuk-Hwan Seol;Sun Moon Kang;In-Seon Bae;Soo-Hyun Cho;Hyo Jung Kwon;Samooel Jung;Youngwon Lee;Hyeun Bum Kim
    • 농업과학연구
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    • 제50권4호
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    • pp.809-815
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    • 2023
  • This study was conducted to find out the correlation between meat quality and muscle fat ratio in pork part meat (pork belly and shoulder butt) using CT (computed tomography) imaging technique. After 24 hours from slaughter, pork loin and belly were individually prepared from the left semiconductors of 26 pigs for CT measurement. The image obtained from CT scans was checked through the picture archiving and communications system (PACS). The volume of muscle and fat in the pork belly and shoulder butt of cross-sectional images taken by CT was estimated using Vitrea workstation version 7. This assemblage was further processed through Vitrea post-processing software to automatically calculate the volumes (Fig. 1). The volumes were measured in milliliters (mL). In addition to volume calculation, a three-dimensional reconstruction of the organ under consideration was generated. Pearson's correlation coefficient was analyzed to evaluate the relationship by region (pork belly, pork shoulder butt), and statistical processing was performed using GraphPad Prism 8. The muscle-fat ratios of pork belly taken by CT was 1 : 0.86, while that of pork shoulder butt was 1 : 0.37. As a result of CT analysis of the correlation coefficient between pork belly and shoulder butt compared to the muscle-fat ratio, the correlation coefficient was 0.5679 (R2 = 0.3295, p < 0.01). CT imaging provided very good estimates of muscle contents in cuts and in the whole carcass.