• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.242-247
• /
• 2017

Humic acid (HA) is a complex organic matter found in the environments, especially in grassland soils with a high density. The bioactivity of HA to promote plant growth depends largely on its extraction sources. The quality-control of HA and the quality improvements via an artificial synthesis are thus challenging. We recently reported that a polymeric product from fungal laccase-mediated oxidation of catechol and vanillic acid (CAVA) displays a HA-like activity to enhance seed germination and salt stress tolerance in a model plant, Arabidopsis. Here, we examined whether HA or CAVA enhances the growth of Italian ryegrass seedling. Height and fresh weight of the plant with foliar application of HA or CAVA were bigger than those with only water. Interestingly, enhanced root developments were also observed in spite of the foliar treatments of HA or CAVA. Finally, we proved that HA or CAVA promotes the regrowth of Italian ryegrass after cutting. Collectively, CAVA acts as a HA mimic in Italian ryegrass cultivation, and both as a biostimulant enhanced the early growth and regrowth after cutting of Italian ryegrass, which could improve the productivity of forage crops.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.30 no.5
• /
• pp.1080-1086
• /
• 2017

The quality and the nutritional ingredients and the functional activation of Nypa fruticans flower stalk was evaluated in this research. It consisted of 7.5% of water, 13.56% of crude protein, 0.84% of crude fat, 9.25% of crude ash, and 68.85% of carbohydrate. 12 kinds of minerals were identified, where the top 3 of them being K, Cl, and Na in order. There were a total of 15 types of amino acid analyzed, with the main amino acids of arginine 30.25%, aspartic acid 26.90%, and glutamic acid 17.12%. Total polyphenol content was 20,190.73 mg/100 g, and the total flavonoid content was 71.73 mg/100 g. The $IC_{50}$ for DPPH radical scavenging ability was $0.017{\pm}0.00mg/mL$ for Nypa fruticans Wurmb flower stalk, $0.672{\pm}0.01mg/mL$ for blueberry, and $1.282{\pm}0.03mg/mL$ for ginseng. The $IC_{50}$ for ABTS radical scavenging ability was $0.070{\pm}0.00mg/mL$ for Nypa fruticans Wurmb flower stalk, $2.918{\pm}0.13mg/mL$ for blueberry, and $4.131{\pm}0.24mg/mL$ for ginseng. For this reason, it is considered that containing plenty of polyphenol and antioxidant, Nypa fruticans Wurmb is related to antiinflammation. This research will contribute to production of functional foods and high value materials using Nypa fruticans Wurmb.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
• /
• v.2
• /
• pp.63-67
• /
• 1984

This study was carried out to know the Trifluralin adsorption experiment was determined with slurry method and the bioassay was conducted with barley seedlings. The adsorption of Trifluralin on clay minerals nearly was reached to eqilibrium concentration by shaking for 18 hours. The more the amount of clay minerals, the more Trifluralin was adsorbed by clay minerals. However the amount of Trifluralin adsorption per gram of clay minerals was reduced. The amount of Trifluralin adsorbed was higher on Montmorillonite than Zeolite and Kaolinite. And Kd value of Trifluralin was the greatest on the Montmorillonite.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.608-615
• /
• 2010

We investigated the effect of grape-must temperature ($50^{\circ}C$, $60^{\circ}C$, and $70^{\circ}C$) on wine quality. We used Muscat Bailey A (MBA) grapes; these are often used in wine making in Korea. The numbers of viable bacteria, yeasts and molds in grape-must decreased with an increase in temperature. Polyphenol oxidase activities in grape-must were reduced at high temperatures. Redness; and, total anthocyanin, polyphenol, and tannin contents of MBA grape wine were higher after heating at $70^{\circ}C$ than after use of lower temperatures. Antioxidant activity was also enhanced after exposure to high temperatures, which may be attributable to the presence of increased levels of polyphenolic compounds in the grape-must. Thus, the heat treatment to prepare grape-must before wine fermentation greatly affects wine quality.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.63 no.4
• /
• pp.759-765
• /
• 2021

Recently, summer temperatures have frequently been abnormal in Korea owing to global warming. In summer, a decrease in feed intake rate and biological activity were observed in Hanwoo (Korean Native Cattle), leading to lower production rates in the industry. However, the precise scale of damage was not reported as with other animals of economic value. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of birth season on birth weight in Hanwoo. Data were collected from 100 local breeding farms from 2016 to 2019. A total of 41,081 Hanwoo calves were classified and analyzed by sex, year, month, and season (March-May, spring; June-August, summer; September-November, fall; and December-February, winter) of birth. The birth weight of Hanwoo calves differed according to birth month. The average birth weight of male calves was 30.47 kg and that of female calves was 28.16 kg. Hanwoo birth weight was the highest in March-born calves and the lowest in July-born calves. The birth weights of calves born in February, March, April, November, and December were significantly larger than those of calves born in July. In addition, the birth weight of Hanwoo calves from the summer was significantly lower than that of calves born in other seasons. Furthermore, Hanwoo steer slaughter age showed a negative correlation, whereas carcass weight had a positive correlation with birth weight. In the beef cattle industry, birth weight is a very important economic characteristic that is related to growth rate. These data will contribute toward planning the reproduction of Hanwoo and analysis of changes in characteristics of economic value owing to high temperatures.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.41 no.3
• /
• pp.210-216
• /
• 2021

Pollution of agricultural soil by alkaline salts, such as Na₂CO₃, is a critical and long-lasting problem in cultivable land. The aim of the study was to examine the putative role of citric acid (CA) in alleviating Na₂CO₃-stress in alfalfa. In this study, Na₂CO₃ significantly induced leaf chlorosis, inhibited plant growth and photosynthesis related parameters, increased hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and reduced major antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAD, APX) in alfalfa. However, the presence of CA these negative effects of Na₂CO₃-stress largely recovered. Interestingly, expression of antioxidant and ion transporter genes (Fe-SOD, CAT, APX, DHAR and NHX1) involved in Reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis and oxidative stress tolerance in alfalfa. These findings suggest that CA-mediated Na₂CO₃ stress alleviation is an ecofriendly approach that would be useful to local farmer for alfalfa and other forage crop cultivation in alkaline soils.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.98-105
• /
• 2019

In this study, bread was prepared using various amount of 'Fuji' apple juice, and quality and antioxidant properties investigated. Bread was prepared with water, butter, yeast, salt, sugar, wheat flour, skim milk powder and 10, 20 and 30% (w/w) 'Fuji' apple juice. Leavening ability and pH of dough were also investigated. Volume, pH, specific volume, baking-loss rate, chromaticity and texture were investigated as quality properties, whereas the total polyphenol content, ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activity as the antioxidant properties of bread containing various amount of apple juice. The pH and leavening ability of dough were observed to decrease with increasing amount of apple juice. In the quality properties of bread, pH, volume, specific volume, and baking-loss rate decreased. Regarding chromaticity and texture of bread prepared with increasing amount of 'Fuji' apple juice, L (bright) values at crust and crumb of bread decreased, while hardness, chewiness and gumminess increased. Total polyphenol content increased with increasing amount of apple juice, while DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities showed no significant differences. Consequently, these results support the possible use of apple juice for baking foods in food industry, as addition of apple juice enhances the quality and antioxidant properties of bread.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.179-188
• /
• 2019

This study was to confirm the effect of supplementation of superjami bran extract on lipid and antioxidant metabolism. Twenty-five subjects were recruited, and divided into Superjami group (n=12), and Placebo group (n=13) random assignment. Among the groups, the Superjami group took a Superjami bran extract (2 g/2 capsule/day), and the Placebo group took dextrin (2 g/2 capsule/day), for 12 weeks. As a result of the experiment, concentrations of TG, TC, and HDL-C in the blood, were significantly lower than those in the control group, and HDL-C was significantly higher. AI and HTR also showed positive values. Leptin did not differ significantly, but as a result of adipectin, the Superjami group displayed a higher value, compared to the Placebo group, and LAR also had significantly lower value. Antioxidant results showed that GPx, CAT, and RGLU, were significantly higher before as well as after intakes of the Superjami group, and significantly higher levels of the Superjami group, compared to the Placebo group. AOPP showed significantly lower values for the Superjami group, compared to the Placebo group. So, based on this study, ingestion of Superjami bran extract is effective in improving blood lipid concentrations as well as inflammatory substances, and has positive effects relative to increasing antioxidant activity.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.43 no.1
• /
• pp.77-85
• /
• 2019

Background: Glomus intraradices is a species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi that, as an obligate endomycorrhiza, can form mutually beneficial associations with plants. Panax ginseng is a popular traditional Chinese medicine; however, problems associated with ginseng planting, such as pesticide residues, reduce the ginseng quality. Methods: In this experiment, we studied the effect of inoculating G. intraradices on several physiological properties and microbial communities of ginseng. UV-Visible Spectrum method was used to detect physical properties. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis method was used to analyze microbial communities. Results: The results indicated that inoculation with G. intraradices can improve the colonization rate of lateral ginseng roots, increase the levels of monomeric and total ginsenosides, and improve root activity as well as polyphenol oxidase and catalase activities. We also studied the bacterial and fungal communities in ginseng rhizospheric soil. In our study, G. intraradices inoculation improved the abundance and Shannon diversity of bacteria, whereas fungi showed a reciprocal effect. Furthermore, we found that G. intraradices inoculation might increase some beneficial bacterial species and decreased pathogenic fungi in rhizospheric soil of ginseng. Conclusion: Our results showed that G. intraradices can benefit ginseng planting which may have some instructive and practical significance for planting ginseng in farmland.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.140-146
• /
• 2019

Objectives: Venomous fishes have different pharmacological effects and are useful. Among the venomous fish, stonefishes; especially Pseudosynanceia melanostigma has various pharmacological effects on the nervous, muscular and cardiovascular system of humans. In this study, toxicological characteristics, some blood effects, pharmacological and enzymatic properties of Pseudosynanceia melanostigma venom was investigated. Methods: Crude venom purified by using gel filtration chromatography and the molecular weights of the venom and its fractions were estimated. The approximate LD values of this venom were determinedand the effects of LD50 dose on the blood of rabbits were studied. Hemolytic and Hemorrhagic activity of the venom sample was determined. In this case coagulation tests were performed. Results: The LD50 of the Pseudosynanceia melanostigma crude venom was also determined to be $194.54{\mu}g/mouse$. The effect of two doses of LD50 showed a non-significant differences decrease in RBCs and MCV. In other cases, the results showed significant differences in WBC, Plt, Hb, MCH, MCHC and HCT; also it's showed a significant decrease. WBC count showed a significant increase with two doses of LD50 groups. The prothrombin time and partial prothrombin time were increased after venom treatment. As well as bleeding and clotting time were increased. According to the results, a minimum dose for Haemorrhagic effect $40{\mu}g$ was obtained. Conclusion: Venom of Pseudosynanceia melanostigma has inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation that can be used to design and develop of anticoagulant drugs.