• 제목/요약/키워드: adventitious shoots

검색결과 136건 처리시간 0.022초

옥신 처리 농도 및 시기에 따른 갈대 지상경 삽목 효율 (Cutting Efficiency Using Phragmites australis Culms According to Content and Timing of Indole-acetic Acid Treatment)

  • 홍문기;김재근
    • 한국습지학회지
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    • 제15권1호
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    • pp.35-41
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    • 2013
  • 본 연구에서는 갈대 지상경 채취시기와 관련된 제한점을 극복하기 위한 방안으로 가을에 채취한 갈대에 생장조절 식물호르몬인 옥신(IAA)을 다양한 농도($10^{-3}$ M, $10^{-6}$ M, $10^{-9}$ M, $10^{-12}$ M)로 처리하였다. 2012년 9월 5일, 상당 부분 경화가 진행된 산지 습지 갈대에 옥신을 처리한 결과 240개의 절편으로부터 총 19개의 경엽부 출현이 확인되었으며, $10^{-6}$ M에서 옥신의 효과가 가장 크게 나타났다. 산지 습지로부터 이식하여 서울대학교에서 1년간 생육시켜온 갈대의 경우 약 2주 가량 늦게(2012년 9월 19일) 실험을 수행하였음에도 불구하고 $10^{-6}$ M의 옥신 처리 후 60개의 삽목 절편으로부터 총 50개의 경엽부가 출현하였다. 하지만 동일한 방법으로 약 40일 가량 더 경과한 시점인 10월 29일 삽목 실험 결과 60개의 절편으로부터 오직 2개의 경엽부만을 확인할 수 있었다. 앞선 두 실험 시 서울의 기온이 $20^{\circ}C$ 안팎이었던데 반해 세 번째 실험시엔 $10^{\circ}C$ 수준으로 부정아 형성이 이뤄지기엔 다소 낮은 기온이 그 원인으로 보여 진다. 삽목 절편의 직경이 두꺼울수록 출현 경엽부의 직경도 두꺼웠으며(경엽부의 직경은 삽목한 절편 직경의 약 20% 수준이었다.), 이는 더 큰 초고 생장을 가능케 하는 중요한 요소이므로 되도록 두꺼운 갈대 절편을 삽목에 활용하는 것을 제안한다.

물레나물 약배양에 의한 부정 신초 및 식물체 재분화 (Adventitious Shoot and Plant Regeneration from Anther Culture of Hypericum ascyron L.)

  • 고정애;김현순;김형무
    • 한국자원식물학회지
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    • 제21권5호
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    • pp.368-373
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    • 2008
  • 물레나물 약유래 캘러스로부터 신초 재분화에 미치는 저온 전처리 및 식물생장조절물질의 효과를 조사하기 약배양을 실시하였다. 약유래 캘러스 유도 및 식물체 재분화에 미치는 식물생장조절제의 효과를 조사하기 위해 2,4-D, NAA, BA 및 TDZ를 8종류로 혼합한 1/2 MS 배지에 약배양을 실시한 결과 물레나물은 식물생장소절물질에 의존적인 식물로 배지내 식물생장조절물질이 첨가되지 않으면 캘러스가 형성되지 않았다. 2,4-D가 포함된 배지에서 약유래 캘러스 형성이 양호하였으며 2.0mg/L 9,4-D단용 처리에서 캘러스 형성율이 52.6%로 가장 높았으며 지속적 캘러스의 증식 및 shoot 분화는 0.1mg/L 2,4-D와 1.0mg/L BA 혼용처리가 효과적이었다. 2.0mg/L 2,4-D 단용처리에 의해 형성된 캘러스로부터 부정적 다수의 신초분화에 미치는 TDZ와 BA 효과를 조사한 결과 1.0mg/L TDZ 처리구에서 단 한개의 shoot가 분화된 것을 제외하고는 갤러스가 갈변되어 효과적이지 못하였으나 모든 BA 처리구에서 갤러스는 shoot가 분화되어 TDZ에 비해 효과적이었다. 특히 3.0mg/L BA 처리구에서는 캘러스 모두 shoo4로 분화되어 다수의 multishoot가 형성되어 가장 효과적이었다. 개화 1주일전의 화뢰를 $5^{\circ}C$ 에서 8일간, 15일간 저온 전처리 하여 0.1mg/L 2,4-D와 1.0 mg/L BA 혼용처리된 DIS 배지에 배양한 결과 무처리에 비해 처기구에서 약의 생육기간이 길었으며 특히 $5^{\circ}C$ 15일간 저온처리한 약이 배양기간 동안 지속적으로 캘러스 및 부정 shoot를 형성하여 저온처리 효과가 있었다.

유색칼라 기내 미세번식에 미치는 식물생장조절물질의 영향 (Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on in vitro Micropropagation of Colored Calla Lily(Zantedeschia spp.))

  • 이영순;고정애
    • 한국자원식물학회지
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    • 제18권1호
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    • pp.154-160
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    • 2005
  • 유색 칼라 세 품종(Sunlight, Chiante, Pink Persuation)의 기내 급속증식체계를 확립코자 정단분 열조직을 배양함에 있어 callus, 신초 및 뿌리 분화에 미치는 식물생장조절물질의 효과와 sucrose가 기내 괴경 형성 및 비대에 미치는 효과를 조사하였다. 식물체는 캘러스를 통하거나 또는 치상체에서 직접 분화되는 두 경로로 형성되었으며 2.0 mg/L BA 단용 처리에서 Sunlight품종은 $53.3\%$ 캘러스를, Chiante 품종은 $56.7\%$ 직접 신초를 형성하였다. 2.0-3.0 mg/L BA 단용 처리는 품종별로 식물체재 분화 빈도가 $20-70\%$로 차이가 있었으나 세 품종 모두 3.0 mg/L. BA 단용 처리에서 신초 분화가 양호하였다. 다아체 형성에 미치는 cytokinin의 효과는 Sunlight품종은 1.0 mg/L 2ip 처리로 16개체를, Chiante 품종은 5.0 mg/L BA를 처리로 14개체를, Pink Persuasion품종은 1.0 mg/L BA처리로 12개체를 형성하였다. NAA는 세품종 뿌리분화에 효과가 없었으며 Sunlight 와 Chiante 품종은 1.0 mg/L IAA에서, Pink Persuasion 품종은 2.0 mg/L IBA가 효과적이었다. 괴경형성에 미치는 sucrose는 Sunlight 품종은 90 g/L, Chiante 및 Pink Persuasion 품종은 70 g/L 가 괴경 형성 및 비대에 효과적이었다.

Interaction Between time of Nodal Explant Collection and Growth Regulators Determines the Efficiency of Morus alba Micropropagation

  • Hassanein A.M.;Galal A.A.;Azooz M.M.
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • 제5권4호
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    • pp.225-231
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    • 2003
  • The hormonal requirement suiting micropropagation of Morus alba during any season throughout the year was studied. Sprouting frequency from axillary buds of M. alba was greatly influenced by the time of explant collection, the highest value was achieved when nodal explants were collected at the end of bud dormancy period (late in March) and cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with low concentration (0.5 mg/L) of BAP, kinetin or IBA (85-68%). In addition, they showed higher axillary bud sprouting on growth-regulators-free medium (49%) than others collected in autumn or winter and cultured on medium supplemented with various growth regulators (47-48%). Regardless of that period, young explants with greenish buds collected in summer exhibiting high sprouting frequency (66%) on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L kinetin and 0.5 mg/L GA3. Shoot multiplication via adventitious bud formation was achieved when the nodal explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L BAP and 0.2 mg/L IBA. Further multiplication via nodal explants of in vitro grown shoots was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mglL BAP and 0.5 mg/L GA3. While half strength MS medium supplemented with low concentration (0.5 mg/L) of IBA, IAA or 2,4-D stimulated adventitious root formation, IBA was the best. After transfer the plantlets to the soil, acclimatization for three weeks was essential prerequisite for survival in high frequency (92%). Peroxidase activity is related to break of bud dormancy where maximum enzyme activity was detected when the lateral buds were induced to commence growth under field condition (early in spring) or in vitro.

PCR 기법을 사용한 옥수수 미토콘드리아 변이체 (NADH-dehydrogenase)의 선별과 재분화 (Identification of mitochondrial mutant (NADH-dehydrogenase) using PCR method and regeneration of mutants from Zea mays)

  • 설인환
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제8권1호
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    • pp.8-13
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    • 1998
  • 옥수수의 미토콘드리아 변이체(NGS2)는 전자전달계 내의 NADH dehydrogenase를 구성하고 있는 subunit 4와 7 유전자의 재조합에 의해서 생성된 변이체이다. 이들의 변이체들은 식물의 성장과 발육에 절대적인 영양을 미치며, 또한 기내에서의 callus line들의 생성과 발달에도 상당한 영향을 미친다. 이들의 미토콘드리아 mutant 들은 3개의 primer를 사용하는 PCR 방법에 의해서 쉽게 선별이 가능하며, 세포 내의 키토콘드리아 변이 정도를 간접적으로 추측케 하며, 체시포 분열시 세포질 내의 기관들이 random으로 분리되는 현상을 간법적으로 알 수 있다. NGS2 mutant들에서 유기된callus line들은 식물체 재문화에도 영향을 미쳐 murant 미토콘드리아가 많은 call line들에슨 실질적인 부정 줄기의 유기를 방해하는 것으로 사료된다. 결론적으로 NADH-dehydrogenase는 식물체가 재분화 또는 성장하는데 있엇 필요한 요소라고 생각된다.

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Agrobacterium에 의한 더덕의 형질전환과 식물체 재분화 (Genetic Transformation and Plant Regeneration of Codonopsis lanceolata Using Agrobacterium)

  • 최필선;김윤성;유장렬;소웅영
    • 식물조직배양학회지
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    • 제21권5호
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    • pp.315-318
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    • 1994
  • CaMV35S promoter-$\beta$-glucuronidase (GUS) 유전자와 선발 표지로서 neomycin phosphotransferase 유전자를 가진 pBI121 binary 벡터를 도입한 Agrobacterium turmfaciens LAB4404와 더덕 유식물체의 자엽 절편을 1 mg/L BA가 첨가된 MS 배지에서 48시간 동안 공동배양한 후 1 mg/L BA, 250 mg/L carbenicillin 100 mg/L kanamycin sulfate을 첨가한 고체배지에 옮겨 명조건에서 배양하였다. 배양 2주 후 절편의 절단면 부근으로부터 수많은 부정아가 형성되기 시작하였다. 이들 부정아의 GUS 활성을 조사한 결과 15%가 양성반응을 나타내었다. 배양 6주 후 절편이 형성한 수많은 부정아로부터 56.7% 빈도로 shoot이 발달하였다. 이들 shoot은 기본배지에 옮겨서 4주 경과되었을 때 대부분 발근하였으며, 재분화된 개체는 토양에 이식하였다. Southem 분석결과 GUS양성을 보인 재분화 개체의 게놈 DNA에 GUS 유전자가 삽입되었음이 확인되었다.

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In vitro plantlet regeneration of "dwarf" Indian olive (Elaeocarpus robustus Roxb.): a fruit plant of Bangladesh

  • Rahman, Md. Mahabubur;Amin, Muhammad Nurul;Ishiguri, Futoshi;Yokota, Shinso;Sultana, Rubaiyat Sharmin;Takashima, Yuya;Iizuka, Kazuya;Yoshizawa, Nobuo
    • Plant Biotechnology Reports
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    • 제3권3호
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    • pp.259-266
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    • 2009
  • A plantlet regeneration protocol was developed on pot-grown mature plants of Elaeocarpus robustus Roxb. cv. Dwarf from nodal and leaf explants. The best yield of adventitious shoots was achieved from the leaf-derived calli in a modified MS ($MMS_1$, half strength of major salts, full strength of minor salts, and vitamins) medium containing $4.0{\mu}M$ BA + $4.0{\mu}M$ Kn + $0.5{\mu}M$ NAA + 15% coconut water (CW). The shoot multiplication rate was amplified about twofold per culture after the addition of 15% CW to the medium. The rate of shoot multiplication reached maximum at the 5th subculture, and it maintained this rate throughout the 3 subsequent subcultures. The best rooting in vitro was investigated by subculturing the microcuttings in an $MMS_2$ (half strength of both major salts and minor salts and full strength of vitamins) medium containing $1.0{\mu}M$ IBA in the dark for one initial week at $30^{\circ}C$, followed by subculturing them in a plant-growth regulator (PGR)-free medium in the light. The plantlets raised in vitro were successfully established under ex vitro conditions.

Regeneration and Acclimatization of Regenerants in Long-term in vitro Culture of Japanese Blood Grass (Imperata cylindrica 'Rubra')

  • Eon-Yak Kim;In-Jin Kang;Ye-Jin Lee;Baul Yang;Vipada Kantayos;Chang-Hyu Bae
    • 한국자원식물학회지
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    • 제36권6호
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    • pp.588-596
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    • 2023
  • Long-term culture of cell lines is an important issue in in vitro culture and in plant science. In this study, the regeneration ability and ex vitro acclimatization of regenerants were evaluated. The ploidy level of regenerants derived from long-term cultured cell lines was measured in Imperata cylindrica 'Rubra', Poaceae. Adventitious buds (shoots) were successfully induced from five-year-cultured calli on MS medium containing 0.1 mg/L BA or 2.0 mg/L TDZ, combined with 0.01 mg/L auxins (IAA, IBA, NAA and 2,4-D), respectively. Adventitious roots were also induced on MS medium containing 0.01 mg/L auxins (IBA, NAA and 2,4-D), respectively. Interestingly, regenerants with both red and green leaf were successfully obtained when regenerants were cultured on MS medium with 9% sucrose. Regenerants derived from long-term cultured calli were transferred to pots using an optimal acclimatization process and successfully adapted to both pot and soil conditions. Moreover, the ploidy level was measured using calli and regenerants that had been kept on MS medium containing various kinds of plant growth regulators (PGRs).

Effects of Medium Compositions and Plant Growth Regulators on in vitro Organogenesis in Cultured Explants of Platycodon grandiflorum Species

  • Kwon, Soo Jeong;Roy, Swapan Kumar;Kim, Hye-Rim;Moon, Young-Ja;Yoon, Ki-Hong;Woo, Sun Hee;Boo, Hee Ock;Koo, Jin-Woog;Kim, Hag Hyun
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제62권3호
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    • pp.259-274
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    • 2017
  • Platycodon grandiflorum (Bell flower) is an important plant that has traditionally been used as herbal medicine for the treatment of cough, phlegm, sore throats, lung abscesses, chest pains, dysuria, and dysentery. The present study was initiated to investigate the feasibility of inducing shoot and root organogenesis in cultured explants of P. grandiflorum in a range of culture media and through use of various plant growth regulators (PGRs). The plantlets (Stem containing one node) were isolated and cultured on different concentrations of Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with PGRs. We found that proliferation and elongation of shoots and roots could be achieved on 1/4 MS for P. grandiflorum with wild and green petals and on 1/8 MS for P. grandiflorum with double petals. The highest levels of development and elongation of adventitious shoots and roots were observed when petal explants were cultured on 1/4 MS (pH 3.8) supplemented with 5% sucrose. Increasing the agar concentration reduced shoot growth and rooting potential; nevertheless, the highest number of shoots and roots was observed on 0.6% agar. In the case of growth regulators, 1/4 MS supplemented with $1mg\;L^{-1}$ 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) was found to be best for shooting, although higher concentrations of BA tended to reduce shoot and root elongation. The highest number of shoots was achieved on $0.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ thidiazuron (TDZ) from double petal explants grown on 1/8 MS. However, root and shoot elongation were found to decrease when TDZ concentrations were increased. Low concentrations of kinetin, naphthalene acetic acid, indole acetic acid, and 3-indole butyric acid induced shoot and root proliferation and elongation. Taken together, our study showed that low concentrations of PGRs induced the greatest root formation and elongation, showing that the optimal concentration of PGRs for shoot proliferation was species-dependent.

Highly efficient production of transgenic Scoparia dulcis L. mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens: plant regeneration via shoot organogenesis

  • Aileni, Mahender;Abbagani, Sadanandam;Zhang, Peng
    • Plant Biotechnology Reports
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    • 제5권2호
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    • pp.147-156
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    • 2011
  • Efficient Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of Scoparia dulcis L. was developed using Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 harboring the binary vector pCAMBIA1301 with ${\beta}$-glucuronidase (GUS) (uidA) and hygromycin phosphotransferase (hpt) genes. Two-day precultured leaf segments of in vitro shoot culture were found to be suitable for cocultivation with the Agrobacterium strain, and acetosyringone was able to promote the transformation process. After selection on shoot organogenesis medium with appropriate concentrations of hygromycin and carbenicillin, adventitious shoots were developed on elongation medium by twice subculturing under the same selection scheme. The elongated hygromycin-resistant shoots were subsequently rooted on the MS medium supplemented with $1mg\;l^{-1}$ indole-3-butyric acid and $15mg\;l^{-1}$ hygromycin. Successful transformation was confirmed by PCR analysis using uidA- and hpt-specific primers and monitored by histochemical assay for ${\beta}$-GUS activity during shoot organogenesis. Integration of hpt gene into the genome of transgenic plants was also verified by Southern blot analysis. High transformation efficiency at a rate of 54.6% with an average of $3.9{\pm}0.39$ transgenic plantlets per explant was achieved in the present transformation system. It took only 2-3 months from seed germination to positive transformants transplanted to soil. Therefore, an efficient and fast genetic transformation system was developed for S. dulcis using an Agrobacterium-mediated approach and plant regeneration via shoot organogenesis, which provides a useful platform for future genetic engineering studies in this medicinally important plant.