• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.81-89
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• 2011

It is presumable that properly designed earcons given simultaneously with visual information could enhance the situation awareness of operators when they are involving in highly complicate process control activities. In this study, population stereotypes of earcons with respect to process control information were identified using 60 Korean subjects. To do this, 11 most distinctive earcons were selected from various earcons having different pitch, rhythm, and timbre. Associations between the selected earcons and 40 pairs of adjectives used to describe the state of control in process were gathered from 37 subjects using a semantic differential method. Based on the results from multivariate analyses, the 40 pairs of adjectives were aggregated into three distinctive semantic dimensions. The emotional maps of the 11 earcons matched with the semantic dimensions were presented in this study. On the basis of these results, a general guideline was suggested for designing earcons to deliver process control information.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.259-270
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• 2003

In order to properly design warning sounds that are affectively suitable to computer users, warning sounds used in Windows operating system were analyzed in terms of their sound properties; frequency band, spectral characteristics and physical intensity. A total of 36 warning sounds (3*4*3) were generated and tested with respect to three experimental variables. Among 178 collected affective adjectives that are related to hearing and sounds, seven representative affective adjectives were abstracted by statistical grouping techniques. In the experiment, subjective preference tests were performed for the 36 warning sounds according to the seven affective factors. From the result, the affective factors were again grouped into three major factors and the 60dB boost-type warning sounds at the low frequency band were, in general, the most preferred. followed by the 70dB cut-type sounds at the middle frequency band. These warning sounds have a characteristic of boost power spectrum below 1000Hz frequency band and received good scores on simplicity, clarity and accurateness.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference
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• 2007.10b
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• pp.72-77
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• 2007

Civic participation in managing the work of a park is a natural experience, and urban culture has a role in forming and communicating ideas. However, when it comes to managing a copse, there is no clear scenic image. In this study, my intention was to determine a desirable scene involving a copse and suggest a target image for managing work from a scenic perspective. I selected 12 photographs and listed 10 pairs of adjectives that were judged to reflect the effect produced by the copse scene using the repertory grid development technique. In addition, I performed a scenic evaluation using the semantic differential(SD) method with each pair of adjectives. Factor analysis was performed based on questionnaire survey results, such that the scenic structure of the copse had a clear definition. In addition, the physical characteristics of the photographs were analyzed using Adobe Photoshop 6.0 and the correlations between the results of the questionnaire survey were understood using multiple regression analysis. A desirable scenic image of the copse became clear through this process and I was able to suggest various options of scenic images. Taking the aspects of urban culture into consideration, park improvement projects(including their planning stages) should be implemented by involving residents, which will lead to further development of park planning and maintenance theories and projects giving due consideration to residents' opinions.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.67-76
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to analyze the landscape preference and landscape images of the Agricultural Aqueduct Bridges(AAB) by several different criteria. Semantic Differential Scale(SD scale) with landscape adjectives and landscape preference are used to estimate the alternatives of the AAB. The statistic methods such as descriptive analysis, t-test, factor analysis and regression, cluster analysis, are operated. The landscape preference of the alternatives is generally positive, 3.977 out of 7.000. The gate type is the most preferred, but the road-along type is the worst, by the location types. The simple repair type is the worst preferred, but total remodeling is the most, by the repair types. The characteristics of the AAB are analyzed and 4 factors of visual landscape are contracted; interest, orderliness, naturality and spatiality. Cumulative factor loading of these factors is about 65%, which is quite high. The higher and bigger AAB's are preferred, and the advanced finishing materials are also preferred, such as aluminum or wood panels. The long span is also preferred and the high repair cost would be preferred. But in this study, the cost-benefit analysis is not included, so it is recommended to research further, considering the cost variable with the visual factors.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.385-394
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• 2005

The objective of this study is to stimulate the satisfaction on food color sensitivity through objectifying the color sensitivities on customer's foods. The preference analysis on food sensitivity adjectives is measured on 5-point scale by preferring degree on each adjectives. And it is calculated on the sensitivities for the SD method that is used for finding whether it is strong or not on food image stimulus which was photographed on the 8 restaurants in Seoul. We found the outcome as follows. The most preferred sensitivity adjective is 'cleanness', and the worst preferred one is 'unshapliness'. It is differed on genders by $95\%$ confidence interval. The attractiveness, simplicity, richness, comfort and elegance are derived from the result of factor analysis for food color sensitivity. The yellow or orange color foods are main one for the simplicity and comfort. The orange color food are fit on richness and elegance factor, and it will be most effective if choosing the color more similar to brown one.

• Journal of Korean language education
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.1-23
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• 2018

This study aims to analyze words and phrases which are frequently used in newsletters from Korean elementary schools. In order to achieve this goal, high frequent words from school newsletters were selected and classified into content and function words, and the domains of the words were looked up. For this study 1,000 school newsletters were collected in the areas of Busan, Ulsan and Gyeongnam. In terms of parts of speech, nouns, especially common nouns, most frequently appeared in the school newsletters followed by verbs and adjectives. This result shows that for immigrant women who have basic knowledge on Korean language, it is useful to give translated words to get the message of school letters. Furthermore, school related terms such as facilities, regulations and activities of school and Chinese-based vocabularies are found in school newsletters. In case of verbs, the words which contain the meaning of requests and suggestions are used the most. Adjectives which are related to positive value and evaluation, and describing weather and season is frequently used as well.

• Asia Pacific Journal of Corpus Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 2022

As a milestone progression in China's space exploration history, Chang'e Project has attracted a lot of media attention since its first launching. This study aims to examine and compare the similarities and differences between the Chinese media and the British media in using nouns, verbs, and adjectives to report the Chang'e Project. After categorising the documents based on specific project phases, we created two diachronic corpora to explore the linguistic shifts and similarities and differences of diction employed by the Chinese and British media on the Chang'e Project ideology. This longitudinal study was performed with Lancsbox and the CLAWS web tagger through critical discourse analysis as the theoretical framework. The findings of the current study showed that the Chang'e Project coverage in both media increased on an annual basis, especially after 2019. In contrast to the objectivity and positivity in the Chinese Media, the British Media seemed to be more subjective with more appraisal adjectives in the news reports. Nonetheless, both countries were trying to be objective and formal in choosing nouns and verbs. Ideology-wise, the Chinese news media reports portrayed more positivity on domestic circumstances while the British counterpart was typically more critical. Notably, the study outcomes could catalyse future research on the Chang'e Project and facilitate diplomatic policies.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.27-38
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• 2006

In the planning stage of mobile phone development, one of the most important considerations is to select a FormFactor properly to determine the strategy and Purpose of a Product. Up to now, the FormFactor has been selected only by intuitional and qualitative methods. In this study, the Appraisal Methodology using Sensibility Adjectives of Emotion and Sensibility Engineering was presented to suggest the systematic and rational framework in the field of FormFactor selection. First, we verified the conceptual FormFactors with Axiomatic Design and classified the Sensibility Adjectives into the verified FormFactors. When the FormFactor and classified Design Parameters (DP) were given to a designer, the designer implemented the preliminary designs and they were assessed and analyzed by the survey. With these processes, we were able to select the proper designs for FormFactors which were fit for the purpose of a product. This was caused by connecting the Axiomatic Design and tile Sensibility Adjectives. This study gave the possibilities that can be spread to the selection factors, except for the FormFactor, from now on.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.75-84
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• 2015

Although various methods have been proposed and utilized for video reality improvement, use of olfaction still remains at a rudimentary stage. Previous research reported reality improvement effect of some scents when a video displayed specific objects whose odors matched to the scents provided. In addition, another study showed that provision of scents that correspond to the prevailing color of a video improves sense of immersion. However, the above studies have clear limitations because not all videos have specific odor or obvious color. Assuming, in this study, that sensibility-based scent provision in the absence of main odor or color will increase sense of reality, the present study aimed at building adjective profiles of various scents that convey different sensibilities. To this end, in Experiments 1 and 2, we collected a set of adjectives appropriate for description of scents, and in Experiment 3, we built profiles of 16 scents using 30 adjectives. In addition, we grouped scents of similar sensibilities using cluster analysis. These results could be used not only for video reality improvement but also for the purposes of emphasizing product concepts or store positioning, etc.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.51-61
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• 2010

According as the quality of life is improved along with economic growth, in the road plan and design sector also, it is now progressed that function oriented design is changed into the landscape oriented design that considers eyesight and emotion, which are psychological properties of users. Accordingly this study tries to come up with reasonable and objective methods to extract various emotional adjectives, which were found by the survey, while minimizing difference among characteristics of emotion and cognition of individuals. First, given semantic differential, based on various emotional adjectives that were found through the survey with the scale up to five points, the author extracted representative emotional adjectives through an element analysis, which is a conventional method of the previous research, and through an identification analysis which is suggested by this study, and then established model I of Quantification. And by using the established quantification model, the author presumed satisfaction degree, and through verifying pair wise comparison with actual satisfaction degree, the author found the results from identification and correlation analysis methods are most similar to actual satisfaction degree. As a result, the author could check the above emotional and correlation analyses were appropriate methods for comprehending which emotional elements are applicable when a continuous road landscape is designed by identification and correlation analyses.