• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제33권10호
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• pp.792-797
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• 2000

Background : Even though there were developments in various treatment techniques for acute arterial occlusion this disease still has high rate of mortalities and limb amputations. We investigated the combined diseases symptoms location of occlusion type of treatment complication and prognosis in our patients. Meterial and methods: This study recruited 48 patients(42 men, 6 women, mean age 57.7 years) who received the operation from January 1995 toDecember 1998. We investigated the post-operation course via medical record review or telephone interview with patients or their family members. Result: The most common combined diseases were atherosclerosis in 30 patients. other diseases were 17 diabetes mellitus 16 hypertension and 12 atrial firillation. Pain and clod sensation were noticed in all patients paresthesia in 5 patients fibrillation. Pain and cold sensation were noticed in all patients paresthesia in 5 patients and lower extremity paralysis in 11 patients. In 29 patients the time interval from the onset of symptom to admission was over 72 hours and 15 patients were admitted within 24 hours. The distribution of arterial occlusion location was at 28 femoral arteries 14 popliteal arteries and 6 iliac arteries. All the patients were received embolectomy and 5 patients were received additional bypass grafting. Postoperative complications were 12 reocclusions. 6 compartment syndromes 6 skin necrosis and 2 acute renal failure. The mortality rate was 16.7%(8/48) and the amputation rate was 25% Conclusion : This study revealed 25% reocclusion 25% limb amputation and 16.7% mortaliyt. To improve the prognosis of acute lower extrements arterial occlusion early diagnosis and understand the underlying diseases prompt treatment and operation additional operation including interventional radiologic examination and thorough postoperative care would be appreciated.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.1009-1016
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 NCS 직무에서 병원행정의 능력단위 요소에 해당하는 진료비 심사청구 수행준거의 내용을 수행할 수 있는 교육용 프로그램을 개발하였다. 프로그램은 VB.Net으로 개발하였으며, 데이터베이스는 ACCESS의 Database를 이용하였다. 프로그램 운영에 의한 학습효과는 첫 번째, 진료내역에 의한 진료비 구성을 이해할 수 있다. 두 번째, 병원종별에 따른 점수당 단가를 숙지할 수 있다. 세 번째, 재료금액과 행위금액을 선택하여 병원종별에 따른 가산율이 적용되는 항목과 적용되지 않는 항목을 구분할 수 있다. 또한 처치 및 수술 등의 의료행위에 대한 야간과 소아에 대한 가산여부와 가산율, 검사의뢰 및 전문의의 가산여부와 가산율을 숙지할 수 있다. 네 번째, 입원 본인일부부담율과 식대 및 특수장비의 본인부담율이 다르게 적용되므로 내역별 본인부담율을 숙지하여 입원내역의 본인부담율을 산정할 수 있다. 다섯 번째, 보험유형에 따른 종별가산율을 숙지할 수 있다. 또한 진료비총액의 계산과정을 이해할 수 있다. 여섯 번째, 병원종별에 따른 본인부담율을 숙지할 수 있으며, 진료비총액에서 본인일부부담금액과 청구금액이 산정되는 계산과정을 이해할 수 있다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2022

변산향유는 꿀풀과의 국내 자생식물로 식물분류학회지에 처음으로 알려졌다. 초장은 20-35 cm로 작고 잎은 혁질로 윤택이 있다. 꽃은 11월에 보라색으로 개화하는 특징을 갖고 있어 분화 및 지피용 관상소재로 활용도가 매우 높다. 따라서 본 연구는 관상식물로 활용하기 위해 변산향유의 육묘 시 플러그 트레이 종류(128, 162, 200구), 토양조성(원예상토: 마사 1:1, 2:1, 4:1), 파종 립수(1, 2, 3립) 및 추비 농도(0, 250, 500, 1000 mg/L)의 수준을 구명하기 위해 수행하였다. 연구의 결과 변산향유는 트레이의 셀 크기가 커질수록 생육도 비례하여 증가하였다. 토양조성에 따른 생육은 마사토의 비율이 증가할수록 생육이 억제되었다. 셀 당 파종량에 따른 생육은 파종량이 많아질수록 초장, 초폭, 엽장, 엽폭이 감소하였으나 개체당 엽수, 줄기직경, 근장은 큰 차이가 없었다. 추비농도별 처리는 농도가 높아질수록 생육도 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 따라서 변산향유는 육묘시 128구 트레이에 원예상토를 충진한 다음 셀 당 1립 파종하여 재배하며, 추비는 비교적 고농도인 1000 mg/L로 엽면살포하여 육묘하는 것이 가장 효과적일 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.1-29
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• 2020

Objective: The present study aimed to explore the experiences of mothers who have abandoned their additional birth plans since their first child was born. Methods: During in-depth interviews, mothers were asked to recall their own experiences of motherhood. The interview data were analyzed using the grounded theory. Results: The central phenomenon was 'The burden of raising a child is too heavy for mothers to carry alone.' The causal conditions were 'First experience: Unpredictable life', 'Physical and psychological difficulty', and 'Spouse's absence.' The contextual conditions were 'Expectations and reality of parenting' and 'Workplace conditions.' The mothers used interaction strategies of 'Defusing conflict only on a surface level: Giving up', 'Reliance on grandmothers', and 'Downgrading career aspirations.' These strategies were mediated by intervening conditions, 'Stereotypes and experiences of non-family nanny', 'Child's development', and 'Family conflict.' The results were 'Endless guilt', 'Ambivalence between independence versus interdependence' and 'Unfairness: Why only me?' Finally, the process of psychological conflict was identified to account for the steps leading mothers to give up on their birth plans. Conclusion/Implications: During the first experience of motherhood, mothers' conflict gets escalated despite their struggles. These experiences might discourage their additional birth plans. These results provide implications for policies to increase fertility rates.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.30-35
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate investigated the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on nitrate concentration in soil solution and to determine the relationship between yield and nitrate concentration in soil solution for cucumber cultivation under plastic film house. Nitrogen as urea was applied at rates of 0, 120, 240, 360, and $480kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$ as an additional fertilizer by trickle irrigation during cucumber cultivation. Monitoring of nitrate concentration in soil solution was investigated using porous cups at 25 cm depth under soil surface. Nitrate concentration in soil solution increased with increasing the rate of additional nitrogen. Correlation coefficient between EC value and nitrate concentration was positive in soil and soil solution (p<0.05). An additional nitrogen of about $300kg\;ha^{-1}$ was shown the highest yield of cucumber, and improved yield by 5% compared to N recommendation of $240kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$. The highest yield was determined at nitrate concentration of $82mg\;L^{-1}$ in soil solution by regression equation ($Y=74.2+0.73X+0.000504X^2$, $R^2=0.629^*$). These results means indicate that nitrate concentration in soil solution would be useful method to rapid determination for additional nitrogen during cucumber cultivation under plastic film house.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.273-280
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• 1999

In order to protect inhabitans' health and to collect data for prediction of the effcts from accidental emission of rasioactive materials from nuclear power plant, exposed dose rate be monitored within the limit dose rate. This research was carried out to investigate the accumulation of environmental radioactivity around Younggwang Nuclear Power Plant, and to infer and in infer and assay the additional exposed dose rate of inhabitants in Younggwang site from the operation of nuclear plant operation. External radiation dose rate, radiation environmental samples, and exposed dose rate of inhabitants in Younggwang site were investigated for estimaing environment activity in the vicinity of the nuclear power plant area. For the external radiation dose rate, the result showed that range of normal variation was found and any artificial radioisotope was not deteted in the analysis of environmental samples. Exposed dose rate of inhabitants was lower than 0.4% of the limit value of ICRP and it may be concluded that there was no effect on inhabitants and environment from the operation of nuclear power plant.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.49-64
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• 2010

Penalty tax of basic law that has been revised in December 30, 2006 has been amended to tax 40 percent on no report and under-reporting in unjustifiable way. This revision is a punitive regulation that reflects the national tax service's will to not sit back and watch taxpayers' intentional tax evasion by imposing a heavier tax burden, and it raised penalty tax rate that has been applied leniently compared to foreign countries. Therefore, this study examines how changes in penalty tax rate affected faithful tax report and in what level the punitive penalty tax rate should be legislated so that the effect of the penalty tax rate can be maximized by performing empirical analysis on the effect on income tax rate reporting standard of self-employed businesses before and after the time the penalty tax rate increased dramatically from 33.3% to 300% based on the items.

• 산학경영연구
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.69-94
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• 2006

매립된 패기물의 분해과정에서 생성되는 부산물로서의 매립가스는 악취와 환경오염을 유발하는 유해한 가스로 여겨져 왔다. 그러나 발열량이 $5,000kcal/m^3$에 달하는 매립가스의 특성은 에너지원으로써의 활용가치가 탁월한데다 지구온난화의 주범으로 떠오르면서 그 회수 필요성이 더욱 강조되고 있어, 재생에너지로서의 매립가스를 대체에너지 자원으로 이용하려는 추세는 매우 고무적인 현상이라 하겠다. 현재 우리나라의 매립가스자원화 사업은 가스엔진을 이용한 전력생산이 대부분을 차지하고 있으며, 부분적으로 중질가스와 고질가스의 활용에도 관심을 보이고 있다. 가스발전기의 가동률과 전력단가의 변동을 고려하여 매립가스의 경제성을 분석해본 결과, 초기 투자비 회수와 지속적인 수익성 확보를 위해서는 최소한 10년 이상의 발전사업 운영 및 전력판매 단가의 현실화가 요구되고 있다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.112-115
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• 2010

The heart rate is the most important vital sign in diagnosing heart status. The simple method to measure the heart rate in the mobile healthcare device is using the PPG signal. In developing the mobile healthcare device using the PPG signal, the most important issue is the inaccuracy of the measured heart rate because the PPG signal is distorted from the user's motions. To improve the problem, this study proposed the new method that is to estimate the heart rate without an additional sensor in real life. The proposed method in this study is using the histogram filter. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed method, the study compares its results with the moving average method in motion environment. According to the experimental results, the performance of the proposed method was more than 40% better than the performances of the MAF.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2002년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.327-333
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• 2002

In this study, the effect of tunnel advance rate on the seepage forces acting on the tunnel face was studied. The finite element program to analyze the groundwater flow around a tunnel with the consideration of tunnel advance rate was developed. Using the program, the parametric study for the effect of the tunnel advance rate and hydraulic characteristics of the ground on the seepage forces acting on the tunnel face was studied. From this study, it was concluded that the tunnel advance rate must be taken into consideration as an additional parameter to assess the seepage forces at the tunnel face and a rational design methodology for the assessment of support pressures required for maintaining the stability of the tunnel face was suggested for underwater tunnels.