• 대한약침학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.122-128
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• 2016

Objectives: Cornu cervi pantotrichum (CCP) has been widely used in Korean and China, as an anti-fatigue, anti-aging, and tonic agent to enhance the functions of the reproductive and the immune systems. Because CCP has various growth factors that play important roles in the development of hair follicles, we examined whether CCP pharmacopuncture solution (CCPPS) was capable of promoting hair growth in an animal model. Methods: One day after hair depilation, CCPPS were topically applied to the dorsal skin of C57BL/6 mice once a day for 15 days. Hair growth activity was evaluated by using macro- and microscopic observations. Dorsal skin tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Expressions of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-7 were examined by using immunohistochemical staining. A reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis was also conducted to measure the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of FGF-7. Results: CCPPS induced more active hair growth than normal saline. Histologic analysis showed enlargement of the dermal papilla, elongation of the hair shaft, and expansion of hair thickness in CCPPS treated mice, indicating that CCPPS effectively induced the development of anagen. CCPPS treatment markedly increased the expressions of BrdU and PCNA in the hair follicles of C57BL/6 mice. In addition, CCPPS up regulated the expression of FGF-7, which plays an important role in the development of hair follicles. Conclusion: These results reveal that CCPPS facilitates hair re-growth by proliferation of hair follicular cells and up-regulation of FGF-7 and suggest that CCPPS can potentially be applied as an alternative treatment for patients with alopecia.

• 환경생물
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.109-117
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• 2002

이 연구에서는 해산 연체동물의 폐사를 유발하는 기생성 원생동물인 Perkinsus를 신속하고 특이적으로 검출하기 위하여 PCR 진단법을 개발하였다. 이를 위해 Perkinsus 속 4종을 공통적으로 증폭하거나 P. atlanticus만을 특이적으로 증폭할 수 있는 두 가지의 primer를 제작하였다. PCR분석은 기존 Perkinsus 진단법인 fluid thioglycollate medium (FTM) 방법과 2 M NaOH 기법을 병행하여 실시하였다. 실험구로서 전라남도 완도산, 제주도 김녕산, 제주도 서귀포산, 제주도 성산산 바지락과 in vitro 배양된 바지락포자충이 이용되었으며, 대조구로서 전라남도 강진에서 채집된 꼬막, T. granosa을 사용하였다. 실험 결과 Perkinsus특이성 DNA band가 전남 완도산과 제주도 성산산 바지락, in vitro 배양된 바지락 포자충에서 확인되었으나, 대조구였던 꼬막과 제주도 서귀포산, 제주도 김녕산 바지락에서는 나타나지 않았다. 이같은 진단 결과는 FTM과 2M NaOH 진단 결과와 일치하였다. 한편 P. atlanticus에 특이적인 primer에 의해 증폭된 band가 확인됨에 따라 국내산 바지락에서 검출되는 바지락포자충은 P. atlanticus와 동일 종임이 확인되었다. 결론적으로, 본 연구를 통하여 개발된 PCR을 이용한 진단법은 해산 연체동물내 Perkinsus 속 기생충과 P. atlanticus의 감염을 신속하고도 종 특이적으로 진단할 수 있어 수ㆍ출입 수산물의 검역과 바지락 포자충의 생태학적 특성을 규명하는데 효과적으로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.442-454
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• 2017

우리나라 식품소비 패턴이 육류 위주로 증가함으로써 축산업이 크게 성장하였으나, 수입 축산물 시장의 개방으로 국내 축산 제품의 가격 경쟁력 확보 방안이 시급한 시점이다. 따라서 생산비의 가장 큰 부분을 차지하고 있는 사료 원가 절감의 문제는 축산업 생태계에서 해결해야 하는 중요한 과제이다. 본 연구의 목적은 축산업의 스마트 팜을 지원하는 것이다. 이에 본 연구는 IoT에 기반 하여 축산 사료의 측정 장치를 개발하고, 자동 주문 및 배송 시스템을 구현하여 관련 영역의 효율성을 극대화할 수 있는 방안을 제안하였다. 구체적으로는 첫째, 초음파 센서와 온도/습도 측정 센서를 이용하여 사료 저장소인 피드빈 내 사료 잔량과 온/습도 정보를 수집하는 센서를 개발하였다. 둘째, 그 정보를 축산농가에 설치된 게이트웨이를 거쳐 SCM 서버에 전송할 수 있는 방법을 구현하였다. 셋째, 서버에 저장된 축산농가의 정보를 활용하여 사료의 자동 주문 및 배송이 가능한 서비스 방안을 구현하였다. 본 연구는 기존의 방법보다 용이하고 가격 경쟁력이 있는 방안으로서, 축산업의 다양한 영역에서 보다 다양한 IoT 활용 서비스와 경쟁력 강화 방안이 도출되는데 도움이 될 것이다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제59권11호
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• pp.27.1-27.7
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• 2017

Background: Cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) is an agricultural byproduct containing alkylphenols that has been shown to favorably change the rumen fermentation pattern only under experimentally fixed feeding conditions. Investigation of CNSL potency in rumen modulation under a variety of feeding regimens, and evidence leading to the understanding of CNSL action are obviously necessary for further CNSL applications. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potency of CNSL for rumen modulation under different dietary conditions, and to visually demonstrate its surfactant action against selected rumen bacteria. Methods: Batch culture studies were carried out using various diets with 5 different forage to concentrate (F:C) ratios (9:1, 7:3, 5:5. 3:7 and 1:9). Strained rumen fluid was diluted with a buffer and incubated with each diet. Gas and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) profiles were characterized after 18 h incubation at $39^{\circ}C$. Monensin was also evaluated as a reference additive under the same conditions. Four species of rumen bacteria were grown in pure culture and exposed to CNSL to determine their morphological sensitivity to the surfactant action of CNSL. Results: CNSL supplementation decreased total gas production in diets with 5:5 and 3:7 F:C ratios, whereas the F:C ratio alone did not affect any gas production. Methane decrease by CNSL addition was more apparent in diets with 5:5, 3:7, and 1:9 F:C ratios. An interactive effect of CNSL and the F:C ratio was also observed for methane production. CNSL supplementation enhanced propionate production, while total SCFA production was not affected. Monensin decreased methane production but only in a diet with a 1:9 F:C ratio with increased propionate. Studies of pure cultures indicated that CNSL damaged the cell surface of hydrogen- and formate-producing bacteria, but did not change that of propionate-producing bacteria. Conclusion: CNSL can selectively inhibit rumen bacteria through its surfactant action to lead fermentation toward less methane and more propionate production. As CNSL is effective over a wider range of dietary conditions for such modulation of rumen fermentation in comparison with monensin, this new additive candidate might be applied to ruminant animals for various production purposes and at various stages.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.7025-7039
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• 2014

최근 구매사와 공급사 간의 정보 공유 및 협업 등의 아웃소싱 활동은 공급사슬관리에서 매우 중요한 전략으로 자리매김하고 있다. 아웃소싱은 경쟁우위 확보를 위해 필수적인 방안으로 활용되고 있으나, 계약이 체결된 이후에는 공급사에 대한 통제력이 저하된다. 이러한 상황에서는 공급사에 대한 모니터링을 통한 일상적인 통제만이 유일한 공식적 통제수단으로 남게 되며, 통제관리가 어떻게 이루어지느냐에 따라 기업성과에 영향을 미치게 된다. 본 연구에서는 아웃소싱 계약 체결 이후 공급사의 외주 구매성과와 구매사와 공급사 간의 운영통합 강화를 위한 전략을 제시하였다. 선행요인으로 공급사 모니터링을 고려하였으며, 공급사 모니터링 노력에 의한 외주 구매성과와 구매사와 공급사 간 운영통합을 강화하여 구매사의 현장생산성 향상으로 반영되는 연구 모형을 제시하였다. 연구결과에 따르면, 구매사의 역량 모니터링, 행위 모니터링, 결과 모니터링은 공급사의 외주 구매성과와 운영통합 강화에 유의미한 선행요인으로 나타났다. 또한, 공급사 모니터링은 공급사의 외주 구매성과와 공급사 운영통합을 완전매개로 하여 구매사의 현장생산성에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 행위 모니터링의 부정적인 효과가 특이한 점으로 나타났는데, 행위 모니터링이 공급사 운영통합에 음(-)의 효과는 공급사 운영통합이 공급사 현장생산성 향상에 미치는 정(+)의 효과를 상쇄시키기 때문에 매개효과가 나타나지 않은 것으로 추정되었다. 이를 통해 이론적, 실무적 시사점과 본 연구의 한계점, 향후 연구수행 방안 등이 제시되었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.277-290
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• 2008

The process of wound repair involves an ordered sequence of events such as overlapping biochemical and cellular events that, in the best of circumstances, result in the restoration of both the structural and functional integrity of the damaged tissue. An important event during wound healing is the contraction of newly formed connective tissues by fibroblasts. The polypeptide growth factors, like transforming growth factor-${\beta}$(TGF-${\beta}$, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF- I) and epidermal growth factor (EGF), play very important mediator roles in the process of wound contraction. Deer antlers, as models of mammalian regeneration, are cranial appendages that develop after birth as extensions of a permanent protuberance (pedicle) on the frontal bone. Antlers contain various growth factors which stimulate dermal fibroblast growth. They are involved in digestion and respiration and are necessary for normal wound healing and skin health. In order to investigate and evaluate the effects of red deer antlers on skin wound site, the speed of full-thickness skin wound healing and the expression of IGF-I, TGF-${\beta}$ and EGF in skin wounds, three groups of skin full-thickness rat models with a high concentration of antler ointment, a low concentration of antler ointment and without antler ointment were compared. At post-injury days 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 20, 32, 40 and 60, the skin wound area was measured, the expressions of IGF-I, TGF- ${\beta}$ and EGF mRNA were detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and collagen formation by sirius red dye and the localization of IGF-I, TGF-${\beta}$ and EGF peptides were inspected by histological immunohistochemical techniques. Wound healing was significantly more rapid in antler treated skins. In addition, the wound treated with a high concentration antler ointment, a low concentration antler ointment, and the control closed completely at post-injury day 40, day 44 and day 60, respectively. Via RT-PCR, the expressions of IGF-I (day 8 and day 16), TGF-${\beta}$(day 8, day 16 and day 20) and EGF (day 4, day 8, day 16, and day 32) were obviously up-regulated in high concentration antler-treated skins compared to control skins. Similar results could be seen in the histological detection of collagen dye and immunohistochemical methods using the corresponding polyclone antibodies of IGF-I, TGF-${\beta}$ and EGF. These results illustrate that antlers stimulate and accelerate the repair of cutaneous wounds.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.301-308
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• 2018

Objective: This study compared the meat quality, muscle fiber characteristics, and fatty acids between Jinjiang yellow cattle (JJ) and F1 Simmental${\times}$Jinjiang yellow cattle (SJ) which were offered the same diet. Methods: Six JJ and six SJ individuals were reared and fattened from 10 to 26 months of age. After feeding, the highrib (HR), ribeye (RB), and tenderloin (TL) samples were taken from the carcass for meat quality evaluations. Results: The results showed that growth performance of SJ was higher than that of JJ (higher live weight and average daily gain), and the hot carcass weight of SJ was higher than that of JJ (p<0.05). pH of JJ was higher than that of SJ in TL (p<0.05); the color of $a^{\ast}$ of SJ was higher than that of JJ in TL and RB (p<0.05); the cooking loss of SJ was significantly lower than that of JJ in TL and RB (p<0.05); the shear force value was significantly lower in SJ compared to JJ (p<0.05); the muscle fiber diameter was higher and the fiber density was lower in SJ compared to JJ in HR and TL (p<0.05); compared to SJ, the muscles of JJ had higher saturated fatty acid (SFA) composition; the sum of monounsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) were lower in the muscle of JJ; the mRNA expressions of myosin heavy chain-I (MyHC-I) and MyHC-IIa were higher in SJ compared to JJ in muscle of HR and RB; the mRNA expressions of MyHC-IIx and MyHC-IIb were lower in SJ compared to JJ in HR and RB (p<0.05). Conclusion: Meat quality and fatty acid profile differed between SJ and JJ; the muscle of SJ had higher $a^{\ast}$ and SFA; SJ had lower cooking loss, shear force and PUFA compared to the muscle of JJ. In addition, the type and development characteristics of the muscle fiber had some difference between SJ and JJ; these might be factors which caused the differences in meat quality and fatty acid profile between SJ and JJ.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.203-211
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• 2020

Objective: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the major microorganisms responsible for subclinical mastitis in dairy cattle. The present study was designed with the aim to explore the DNA methylation patterns using the Fluorescence-labeled methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (F-MSAP) techniques in a S. aureus-infected mouse model. Methods: A total of 12 out-bred Institute of Cancer Research female mice ranging from 12 to 13 weeks-old were selected to construct a mastitis model. F-MSAP analysis was carried out to detect fluctuations of DNA methylation between control group and S. aureus mastitis group. Results: Visible changes were observed in white cell counts in milk, percentage of granulocytes, percentage of lymphocytes, CD⁴⁺/CD⁸⁺ ratio (CD⁴⁺/CD⁸⁺), and histopathology of mice pre- and post-challenge with S. aureus. These findings showed the suitability of the S. aureus-infected mouse model. A total of 369 fragments was amplified from udder tissue samples from the two groups (S. aureus-infected mastitis group and control group) using eight pairs of selective primers. Results indicated that the methylation level of mastitis mouse group was higher than that in the control group. In addition, NCK-associated protein 5 (Nckap5) and transposon MTD were identified to be differentially methylated through secondary polymerase chain reaction and sequencing in the mastitis group. These observations might play an important role in the development of S. aureus mastitis. Conclusion: Collectively, our study suggests that the methylation modification in Nckap5 and transposon MTD might be considered as epigenetic markers in resistance to S. aureus-infected mastitis and provided a new insight into S. aureus mastitis research in dairy industry and public health.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.424-435
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• 2020

Objective: The study was conducted to investigate variations in the immunophysiological responses to exercise-induced stress in Jeju and Thoroughbred horses. Methods: Blood samples were collected from the jugular veins of adult Jeju (n = 5) and Thoroughbred (n = 5) horses before and after 30 min of exercise. The hematological, biochemical, and immunological profiles of the blood samples were analyzed. Blood smears were stained and observed under a microscope. The concentration of cell-free (cf) DNA in the plasma was determined using real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and polymorphonuclear cells were separated using Polymorphprep, and the expression of various stress-related and chemokine receptor genes was measured using reverse transcriptase (RT) and real-time PCR. Results: After exercise, Jeju and Thoroughbred horses displayed stress responses with significantly increased rectal temperatures, cortisol levels, and muscle catabolism-associated metabolites. Red blood cell indices were significantly higher in Thoroughbred horses than in Jeju horses after exercise. In addition, exercise-induced stress triggered the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and reduced platelet counts in Jeju horses but not in Thoroughbred horses. Heat shock protein 72 and heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 6 expression is rapidly modulated in response to exercise-induced stress in the PBMCs of Jeju horses. The expression of CXC chemokine receptor 4 in PBMCs was higher in Thoroughbred horses than in Jeju horses after exercise. Conclusion: In summary, the different immunophysiological responses of Jeju and Thoroughbred horses explain the differences in the physiological and anatomical properties of the two breeds. The physiology of Thoroughbred horses makes them suitable for racing as they are less sensitive to exercise-induced stress compared to that of Jeju horses. This study provides a basis for investigating the link between exercise-induced stresses and the physiological alteration of horses. Hence, our findings show that some of assessed parameters could be used to determine the endurance performance of horses.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.139-143
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• 2014

Although correlations between platelets and lung cancer has been recognized, effects on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) metastasis remain to be determined in detail. In the present study, wound healing assays revealed a role of platelets in NSCLC cell migration. Thus the mean migration rate of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells was significantly elevated after co-culture with platelets ($81.7{\pm}0.45%$ vs $41.0{\pm}3.50%$, P<0.01). Expression of GAPDH was examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to study the effect of platelets on NSCLC cell proliferation. The result showed that the proliferation of A549 and SPC-A1 cells was not affected. Mouse models were established by transfusing A549 cells and SPC-A1 cells into mice lateral tail veins. We found tumor metastasis nodules in lungs to be increased significantly after co-transfusion with platelets (in A549, $4.33{\pm}0.33$ vs $0.33{\pm}0.33$, P=0.01; in SPC-A1, $2.67{\pm}0.33$ vs $0.00{\pm}0.00$, P=0.01). In addition, consecutive inoperable patients with newly diagnosed NSCLC (TNM stage III or IV) between January 2009 and December 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. Using the Kaplan-Meier method, NSCLC patients with a high platelet counts demonstrated a significantly shorter progression free survival compared with those with a low platelet count (> $200{\times}10^9/L$, 3 months versus ${\leq}200{\times}10^9/L$, 5 months, P=0.001). An elevated platelet count was also identified as an independent prognostic factor by Cox regression analysis for prgression free survival (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.16, 2.46; P=0.006). This study suggested that platelets might contribute to the hematogenous metastatic process by promoting cancer cell migration, which eventually affects the prognosis of NSCLC.