• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.19-30
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• 2008

The purpose of the study is to provide basic data to be useful for living environment of National Rental Housing, through comparative analysis of residential conditions, community consciousness of residents, characteristics of 3 complexes, whose residents have lived more than 3 years, different in area and size. Deungchon 11 Complex in Seoul, Eui-wang Naeson Complex, and Incheon Samsan 4 Complex are chosen for the investigation and the survey and 242 copies of the questionnaire are analyzed for the final result. Analyzing the contents of the survey results are as follows those deriving conclusions and suggestions. 1) Housing and construction standards are required to reconsider for enhancing of community consciousness and housing satisfaction of residents of National Rental Housing. 2) Spending on residential move, and minimize the unnecessary expense of low-income housing need to do to promote stability. 3) Facilities and equipments for residents are needed considering barrier-free design which introduces universal design. 4) Welfare facilities such as culture space and after-school classroom for teenagers are needed. 5) By using the broadcast media actively pro-mote, various layers are encouraged moving into National Rental Housing, through the concept of housing opportunities for change. 6) In short-term, community space are need remodeling and various activity programs are developed to induce activation of community facilities. In long-term, users considering a community facility plan, actively promoting activities, methods and operating system support for the government in the continuing policy and management is needed, when the National Rental Housing are planned to build. Therefore, the organic aspects such as the development and operation of the community program as well as the physical aspects such as the community space and facilities for the active community of the National Rental Housing are constantly considered in the follow-up studies.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.274-284
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze the play behaviour and play environment of children at the Air-bounce space in the theme museum, using user observation and interviewing user behaviour, main methods of user research. Study area is Animation theme museum in Chuncheon City, Kangwon Province, Republic of Korea. Main results show that physical, emotional, cognitive, and social behaviour of playing children in the study area are observed, and this study draws the planning and design related implications of play space such as carrying capacity, waiting room and safety guard and so on. The results of this study can be used in the planning and design process of children's play environment as important guidelines.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.27-36
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• 2016

Houses have usually been planned for those who are in good physical condition rather than with disabilities. Therefore, it is difficult to provide a high quality residential environment for people with disabilities. To live in their own houses continuously, it is essential to renovate their houses where they have been living. This study focuses on removing the barrier factors from houses by analyzing the characteristics of disability types and purpose of each space. Therefore, this study divides a house into 5 sectors: an accessible path; an entrance hall; a corridor; a living room; and a bedroom to remove the barrier factors from each sector according to the analysis above. As a result, the sectors that show high frequency and importance of renovation should be considered as a top priority for renovation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.444-451
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• 2007

Catalytic oxidation characteristics of benzene as a VOC was investigated using a fixed bed reactor system over transition $metals/\gamma-Al_2O_3$ catalysts. As transition metals, eight metals including copper, nickel, manganese, iron etc. were adopted. The parametric tests were conducted at the reaction temperature range of $200\sim500^{\circ}C$, benzene concentration of $1,000\sim3,000$ ppm, and space velocity range of $5,000\sim60,000\;hr^{-l}$. The property analyses such as BET, SEM, XRD and the conversions of catalytic oxidation of VOC were examined. The experimental results showed that the conversion was increased with decreasing VOC concentration and space velocity. It was also found that $Cu/\gamma-Al_2O_3$ catalyst calcinated at $500^{\circ}C$ showed the highest activity for the oxidation of benzene and 15% metal loading was the optimum impregnation level.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.227-233
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• 1994

Irradiation of 20mg of natural $Dy(NO_3)_3$ in a neutron flux of $2{\times}10^{13}n/cm^2$ sec for 4 hours gave 5.76 Ci of $^{165}Dy$(specific activity, 610mCi/mg Dy) with high radionuclidic purity (>99.9 %). $^{165}Dy-MA$ was prepared in a quantitative yield by reacting the aqueous solution of $^{165}Dy(NO_3)_3$ with sodium borohydride solution in 0.2N NaOH. Coulter particle analyzer exhibited mean particle size of $2.6{\mu}m$ (range $1{\sim}6{\mu}m$), Even though the $^{165}Dy-MA$ suspension in saline was stored at $37^{\circ}C$ for 24 hours or autoclaved at $121^{\circ}C$ for 30minutes, there was no significant change in particle size and leakage problem indicating the prepared $^{165}Dy-MA$ is sufficiently stable. In-vivo retention studies were carried out by administering $^{165}Dy-MA$ into the knee joint space of normal rabbits. Gamma camera analysis showed high retention in joint space of normal rabbits. Gamma camera analysis showed high retention in joint space even at 24 hours after administration (> 99.9%). The ease with which the $^{165}Dy-MA$ can be made in the narrow size range and their high invitro and vivo stability make them attractive agents for radiation synovectomy.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.125-129
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• 2017

We investigate the solar cycle variation of microwave and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) intensity in latitude to compare microwave polar brightening (MPB) with the EUV polar coronal hole (CH). For this study, we used the full-sun images observed in 17 GHz of the Nobeyama Radioheliograph from 1992 July to 2016 November and in two EUV channels of the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) $193{\AA}$ and $171{\AA}$ on the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) from 2011 January to 2016 November. As a result, we found that the polar intensity in EUV is anti-correlated with the polar intensity in microwave. Since the depression of EUV intensity in the pole is mostly owing to the CH appearance and continuation there, the anti-correlation in the intensity implies the intimate association between the polar CH and the MPB. Considering the report of Gopalswamy et al. (1999) that the enhanced microwave brightness in the CH is seen above the enhanced photospheric magnetic field, we suggest that the pole area during the solar minimum has a stronger magnetic field than the quiet sun level and such a strong field in the pole results in the formation of the polar CH. The emission mechanism of the MPB and the physical link with the polar CH are not still fully understood. It is necessary to investigate the MPB using high resolution microwave imaging data, which can be obtained by the high performance large-array radio observatories such as the ALMA project.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.883-890
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to survey and analyze the growth, management and surrounding environment of the big and old trees in Kyoungju-si or the cultural assets alive in our history, and thereby, provide for some data useful to their reasonable protection and use of their surrounding areas. As a result of surveying the growth conditions of the big and old trees, it was found that the height of new grass was 10.5cm on average, the activity scale of the wood was 7.2k$\Omega$, the soil hardness was $16.7kg/cm^2$, the soil acidity was pH 4.8, and the soil moisture was $13.3\%$. Such findings suggest that the soil has been acidified by people's frequent passages, but that the other growth conditions are more or less normal. Hence, it is desirable to secure a sufficient space around the trees or reduce people's stamping pressure with some mechanisms. On the other hand, the visible conditions of the trees were found more or less normal, but many trees remained cut or barked (with some cavities), requiring an optimal treatment or measure. Lastly, as the population has decreased in the suburban traditional villages, the surrounding environment seems to be less vulnerable to people's frequent visits. Nevertheless, in consideration of the fact that there are only a few public space for the villagers, it is deemed necessary to rearrange or maintain some parts of the surrounding environment as public space for villagers or hikers.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.145-155
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• 2008

This study examined the actual use and users‘ satisfaction with the university dormitories in Gwangju and Chonnam and analyse the related variables that affect on them. Self-administered questionnaires were provided to 200 university students from Gwangju and the Chonnam area. The collected data was used to conduct comparative and descriptive statistical analysis: T-test Below are the study findings. Female students express more satisfaction with community affinity than male students in the satisfaction about socio-psychological environment. Students residing in the rooms for 2 persons express more satisfaction with the division of private space with common space, study appropriateness etc. than those residing in the rooms for 4 persons. Students residing in the cluster-type rooms express more satisfaction with the division of private space with common spaces study appropriateness and relationship with other students in other rooms etc. In relation to the room environment, female students express less dissatisfaction with the noise than male students. Students residing in the rooms for 2 persons express more satisfaction with the room size, interior temperature pleasantness, brightness etc. than those residing the in rooms for 4 persons. Students residing in the cluster-type rooms express more satisfaction with the bed size, the condition of interior finishing, interior temperature pleasantness, brightness and interior air pleasantness etc. than those residing in unit-rooms. In relation to common using environment, male students express more satisfaction with the library than female students. And students residing in the rooms for 4 persons and those residing in the cluster-type rooms express more satisfaction with lounge than those residing in the rooms for 2 persons and those residing in the unit-rooms. Organizing the university domitory planning according to the students' demands, based on this study, the change to general function of domitory in sleeping, studying, leisure activity and culture acitivity is needed. Interior environment technical factor of interior air pleasantness and noise should be improved.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.37-47
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• 2012

This study analyzes the changes of lifestyle and urban spaces with the advent of U-City and tries to propose a direction of urban policies reflecting them. For this, it investigates lifestyle changes to predict the phase of urban spaces in the future. In a survey on urban functionalities with downtown as the main space of activities, it was expected that traffic for the use of these functionalities would be reduced. Traffic reduction was predicted to restrain downtown from growing and weaken the concentration of downtown activity. For the reorganization of existing spaces, in particular, public spaces would be changed to multi-purpose spaces in which various urban activities can be carried out using ubiquitous technologies. With the advent of U-City and the various changes of conditions, it is expected that the demand for land use and urban planning facilities would be altered by downtown and peripheries. A planning tool with a more concrete demand estimation of the future demand in individual areas of usage should be developed and it should be reflected in urban planning. Also, with the integration of functionalities so that more efficient land use will be possible, flexible designation of usage areas is necessary. Along with this, to prevent the decline of old downtown areas and provincial cities, the balanced installation of IT-related infrastructures will precede.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.233-256
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• 2011

This research is aimed at providing the possibility for overcoming the current people's status of exclusion and fragmented spaces of urban regions. In this context, it needs to be considered that how the social movements, which are in collusion with spatial characteristics, are proceeding in urban societies. In order to find the clue to such problems, this study is going to investigate the social practice especially based on Lefebvre's theory. Because of the abstract characteristics of Lefebvre's issue, an explicit case of that social theory must be contemplated for practical use of his concepts. For the purpose of proposing such practices, this research has been striving to analyze the case of Mullae Art Village through the method of intelviewing the artists of that place and using the statistical data. And then this research has tried to draw the clue about how to overcome the status of exclusion by considering their spatial movements.