• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.320-332
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to examine premenstrual symptoms (PMS) according to physical activity of high school girls. Method: Data were collected from 323 high school girls using structured questionnaires, Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ) and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, and AVOVA. Results: The mean score of PMS was low (2.200.81). Among the subcategories, negative feeling (2.491.26) was the highest. Physical activity levels were coded as inactive, minimal activity and health enhancing physical activity, among which minimal activity (53.0%) was the highest. Significant differences in PMS were observed according to subjective health condition (F=10.83, p<.001), alcohol intake (t=-1.99, p=.048), caffeine intake (F=3.04, p=.029), dietary habit (F=4.78, p=.009), amount of menstruation (F=4.57, p=.011), discomfort in daily life (F=28.94, p<.001), degree of menstrual pain (F=41.23, p<.001), method of menstrual pain relief (F=4.29, p=.015), and family history (F=11.45, p<.001). Significant difference in PMS was observed according to the physical activity level (F=3.12, p=.046), and health enhancing physical activity (2.540.87) was the highest. Conclusion: These findings suggest that PMS intervention programs would be considered factors related to PMS. Conduct of further studies is recommended for evaluation of the relationship between physical activity and PMS.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.23-41
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• 2014

Firms increasingly utilize Social Networking Service(SNS) to lead user's voluntary behavior. In the web-based environment, users show coexist loyal behavior which is represented by 'web-based pro-organization citizenship behavior' and 'anti-citizenship behavior'. To measure genuine performance of web-activity, we separated degree of compliance based on credibility, 'deep-level' and 'surface-level' to comprehend different behavior after compliance. The analysis result shows that contents credibility is important to enhance deep-level of compliance which has significant influence on web-based pro-organization citizenship behavior. Contrastively, surface-level of compliance has influence on anti-citizenship behavior. Based on the results of these analyses, the directions of web-based activities for the common good and self-interests of the stakeholders of the web-based activities will be proposed.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.137-141
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• 1981

Occurrence and distribution of sucrose metabolizing enzymes in oral streptococci had been studied. In these studies, the carbohydrate component of the culture medium had been glucose. I have extended these studies by analyzing bacterial culture supernatants for the relative content of hexosyltransferases, namely glucosyl and fructosyltransferase. As a carbohydrate, fructose was used. The growth measured for nine oral streptococci (Strptococcus mutans strains BHT, ING, AHT, 6715, LM-7, and SL-1 ; Streptococcus sanguis 903, 9811, and M-5) varied. The level of glucosyltansferase activity also varied among S. mutans strains, and its level in S. sanguis was relatively low. Fructosyltansferase activity of the various strains fluctuated more than of glucosyltransferase. S.mutans strain LM-7 had significantly higher level of both enzymes. As a whole, fructose-grown cultures had generally an agreeable trend of enzyme activity to those from glucose-grown cultures.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.1367-1377
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• 2012

Inquiry activity is a major source of student investigation which both of the national curriculum standards strongly emphasize for achieving scientific literacy. The purpose of this study was to examine inquiry activities incorporated in high school biology textbooks used in China and Korea. The inquiry activities were examined with regard to inquiry level and science process skills. Bell's and a modification of Padilla's framework were used in these analyses. Results show that the Korean textbooks were more exclusively occupied by simple inquiry activities - None of them provided activity more complex than level 2 inquiry. In addition, the Korean textbooks had uniformly basic science process skills, whereas their Chinese counterparts gave students some challenges for higher level process skills. Therefore, it cannot be guaranteed that the activities in the Korean textbooks are helpful in guiding students toward a gradual progression to high-level inquiry. Implications for inquiry-based science education were suggested based on the results of the study.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.469-474
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• 1989

The changes of plasma prostaglandin $E_2$ level, natural killer cell activity and tumor cell growth were assayed after transplantation of EL-4 leukemia cells in C57BL/6 mice. The results were summarized as follows; 1. Plasma prostaglandin $E_2$ level was increased in EL-4 bearing mice, but indomethacin treated mice group showed low level. 2. The tumor-derived prostaglandin $E_2$ inhibited the post-target binding cytolytic process of natural killer activity. 3. Indomethacin inhibited the growth of prostaglandin secreting EL-4 solid tumor.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.8-13
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• 2001

This study was carried out effect of red ginseng extract(1.0g/kg) on organotin compounds (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg) which poisons against some organs like thyroid gland, liver, kindey, testis, ovary, serum immuinty and sex hormone activity of rats were examinned by gastric tubing for 3 weeks. The weight of each organ in TBTO treated group were significantly increased other organs which excepted kinedy in males and only liver in females.(p<0.05, p<0.01). In case of Immunity activity of each sex, IgM level was small change comparsion with that of control group in all sex. but IgG level was significantly decreased females rather than males comparsion with that of control group.(p<0.05, p<0.01) In case of sex hormone activity, the testosterone activity of males and the estradiol activity of females were significantly decreased rather than the control group. on the other hand, red singsong treated group was only significantly increased estradiol activity.( p<0.05, p<0.01)

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.06b
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• pp.121-124
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• 2001

This paper proposed resource allocation algorithm for the minimum switching activity of functional unit in high level synthesis process as like DSP which is circuit to give many functional unit. The resource allocation method after scheduling use the power function calculating average hamming distance and switching activity of the between two input. First of all, the switching activity is calculated by the input value after calculating the average hamming distance between operation. In this paper, the proposed method though high If level simulation find switching activity in circuit each functional unit exchange for binary sequence length and value bit are logic one value. To use the switching activity find the allocation with minimal power consumption, the proposed method visits all control steps one by one and determines the allocation with minimal power consumption at each control step. As the existing method, the execution time can be fast according to use the number of operator and max control step. And it is the reduction effect from 6% to 8%.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.10 no.E
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• pp.299-302
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• 1994

At a nuclear power plant, environmental radioactivity monitoring is routine work for the radiation safety management For the environmental monitoring of tritium($^3$H) activity in water sampled liquid scintillation counting( LSC) method is applied to measure low- energy beta activity from tritium in the samples. The $^3$H activity is measured using the BECKMAN 5801 system at the KRISS( Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science) for evaluating the lower limits of detection( LLD) of $^3$H measurement and the measuring capability of low-level $^3$H activity at four nuclear Power Plant sites. The LSC systems used for low-level $^3$H activity measurements at the nuclear Power Plants are confirmed to satisfy throughout an intercomparison study under the experimental arrangements by the KRISS.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.118-123
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• 2019

Glutamate acts as an important neurotransmitter in brain. However, high concentration of glutamate showed an excitatory neurotoxicity and resulted to neuronal cell death. Neuronal cell death is known for one of the reason of Alzheimer's disease, a neurodegenerative disease. We tried to find neuroprotective medicinal plants by neuroprotection activity against glutamate injured HT22 cells as a model system. In the course of bioscreening of various medicinal plants, Taraxacum platycarpum extract showed significant neuroprotective activity. We tried to elucidate mechanisms of neuroprotective activity. T. platycarpum extract reduced ROS and intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ concentration increased by glutamate induced neurotoxicity. In addition, mitochondrial membrane potential was restored to the control level. Also, glutathione level, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase activity were increased by T. platycarpum extract treatment. These data suggested that T. platycarpum showed neuroprotective activity via antioxidative activity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.1433-1434
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• 2013