• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.890-900
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• 2010

The Bayesian networks methods provide an efficient tool for performing information fusion and decision making under conditions of uncertainty. This paper proposes Bayes estimators for the system effectiveness in energy saving of the wireless sensor networks by use of the Bayesian method under the non-informative prior knowledge about means of active and sleep times based on time frames of sensor nodes in a wireless sensor network. And then, we conduct a case study on some Bayesian estimation models for the system energy saving effectiveness of a wireless sensor network, and evaluate and compare the performance of proposed Bayesian estimates of the system effectiveness in energy saving of the wireless sensor network. In the case study, we have recognized that the proposed Bayesian system energy saving effectiveness estimators are excellent to adapt in evaluation of energy efficiency using non-informative prior knowledge from previous experience with robustness according to given values of parameters.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.335-347
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• 2010

Recent advances in hardware and instrumentation technology have allowed the possibility of deploying very large sensor arrays on structures. Exploiting the huge amount of data that can result in order to perform vibration-based structural health monitoring (SHM) is not a trivial task and requires research into a number of specific problems. In terms of pressing problems of interest, this paper discusses: the design and optimisation of appropriate sensor networks, efficient data reduction techniques, efficient and automated feature extraction methods, reliable methods to deal with environmental and operational variability, efficient training of machine learning techniques and multi-scale approaches for dealing with very local damage. The paper is a result of the ESF-S3T Eurocores project "Smart Sensing For Structural Health Monitoring" (S3HM) in which a consortium of academic partners from across Europe are attempting to address issues in the design of automated vibration-based SHM systems for structures.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2008

Pre schools with state of the art facilities that would provide not just academic excellence but also ensure the safety and provide efficient healthcare to their pupils relative to Atopic Dermatitis with Asthma is the main objective of this research One of the most promising applications of sensor networks is for human healthcare monitoring. Due to recent technological advances in sensor, low power microelectronics and miniaturization, and wireless networking enable the design and proliferation of this wireless sensor networks capable of autonomously monitoring and controlling environments. Thus, this research presents the utilization of such microelectronic sensor and plots the hardware and software architecture of a wireless sensor network system with real-time pupil monitoring that integrates vital sign sensors, location sensor and allergen sensor. This proposed architecture for wearable sensors can be used as active tags which can track pupil's location within the school's premises, identify possible atopic dermatitis with asthma allergens, it would monitor and generate a health status report of the pupil.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.4804-4822
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• 2017

Coverage problem is a research hot spot in directional sensor networks (DSNs). However, the major problem affecting the performance of the current coverage-enhancing strategies is that they just optimize the coverage of networks, but ignore the maximum number of sleep sensors to save more energy. Aiming to find an approximate optimal method that can cover maximum area with minimum number of active sensors, in this paper, a new scheduling algorithm based on learning automata is proposed to enhance area coverage, and shut off redundant sensors as many as possible. To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, several experiments are conducted. Simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm have effective performance in terms of coverage enhancement and sleeping sensors compared to the existing algorithms.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제30권1A호
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• pp.28-36
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• 2005

무선 센서 네트워크(Wireless Sensor Networks)는 일상 환경 또는 인간의 직접적인 통제가 미치지 못하는 곳의 감시, 정보 수집 등의 다양한 응용이 가능한 기술로써 유비쿼터스 네트워크 환경의 적용을 위해 많은 연구가 진행중이다. 센서 네트워크 연구의 중요한 이슈 중의 하나는 에너지의 효율적인 사용을 통한 노드의 생존시간의 연장을 위한 연구인데, mac, routing 계층에서의 다양한 알고리즘이 제안되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 무선 센서 네트워크 를 구성하는 노드들의 중복 메시지 송, 수신으로 인한 에너지의 불필요한 낭비를 줄이기 위하여 active 시그널을 이용한 Mac 프로토콜을 제안하고 시뮬레이션을 통하여 그 성능을 분석하였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.1390-1405
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• 2014

This paper investigates optimal relay selection and power allocation under an aggregate power constraint for cooperative wireless sensor networks assisted by amplify-and-forward relay nodes. By considering both transmission power and circuit power consumptions, the received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the destination node is calculated, based on which, a relay selection and power allocation scheme is developed. The core idea is to adaptively adjust the selected relays and their transmission power to maximize the received SNR according to the channel state information. The proposed scheme is derived by recasting the optimization problem into a three-layered problem-determining the number of relays to be activated, selecting the active relays, and performing power allocation among the selected relays. Monte Carlo simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme provides a higher received SNR and a lower bit error rate as compared to the average power allocation scheme.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:정보통신
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.339-350
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• 2009

무선 센서 네트워크에서 센서 노드의 한정된 배터리 자원은 네트워크 수명에 직접적인 영향을 끼친다. 따라서 불필요한 전력 소모를 줄이기 위해, 많은 경우 최소한의 센서 노드만을 활성 모드로 유지하고 나머지는 휴면 모드로 유지한다. 그러나 이러한 경우, 예상하지 못한 결함으로 인해 센서 노드가 감지 및 전송 기능을 수행하지 못하게 되면 네트워크 서비스를 안정적으로 제공할 수가 없다. 따라서 센서노드의 결함에도 불구하고 감지수준을 일정하게 유지하는 것은 신뢰성 있는 감지환경을 제공하는 데 있어 매우 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 센서 노드의 결함으로 인한 감지수준 저하의 문제를 효과적으로 극복하기 위해 FCP(Fault-tolerant Coverage Preserving) 기법을 제안한다. FCP 기법에서는 각 활성 노드에 대해 백업 노드 집합을 미리 선정하여, 활성 노드의 결함 시 결함 노드를 대신하도록 한다. 성능 평가 결과, FCP 기법이 기존 결함 허용 기법들에 비해 평균 87.2% 향상된 감지범위 보존 성능을 보일 뿐 아니라, 추가 백업 노드 수와 추가 제어 메시지 전송량 측면에서도 각각 평균 57.6%, 평균 99.5% 향상된 효율성을 제공함을 보였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.105-122
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• 2011

The fundamental design goal of wireless sensor MAC protocols is to minimize unnecessary power consumption of the sensor nodes, because of its stringent resource constraints and ultra-power limitation. In existing MAC protocols in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), duty cycling, in which each node periodically cycles between the active and sleep states, has been introduced to reduce unnecessary energy consumption. Existing MAC schemes, however, use a fixed duty cycling regardless of multi-hop communication and traffic fluctuations. On the other hand, there is a tradeoff between energy efficiency and delay caused by duty cycling mechanism in multi-hop communication and existing MAC approaches only tend to improve energy efficiency with sacrificing data delivery delay. In this paper, we propose two different MAC schemes (ADS-MAC and ELA-MAC) using closed-loop control in order to achieve both energy savings and minimal delay in wireless sensor networks. The two proposed MAC schemes, which are synchronous and asynchronous approaches, respectively, utilize an adaptive timer and a successive preload frame with closed-loop control for adaptive duty cycling. As a result, the analysis and the simulation results show that our schemes outperform existing schemes in terms of energy efficiency and delivery delay.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2008

최근에 대표적인 센서 노드 운영체계인 TinyOS를 이용하여 센서 네트워크를 개발하여 다양한 유비쿼터스 응용 서비스를 개발하고 있다. 이들 TinyOS 기반의 센서 네트워크에서는 상황 정보를 획득하기 위해 센서로부터 센싱된 정보의 전달과 수집을 집중적으로 수행한다. 이에 본 논문에서는 센서 노드의 전력 상태를 파악하여 이를 토대로 센서 노드를 수면, 활동, power off 모드로 전환하는 센서 노드 제어 알고리즘을 제시한다. 그리고 이 알고리즘을 토대로 센서 네트워크의 센서 노드, 싱크, 서버에서 센서 제어 모듈을 설계하고 구현한다. 이를 위하여 센서 노드의 센서 전력제어 모듈과, USN 서버의 센싱 데이터 수신 및 도시 모듈과 센서 제어 모듈을 설계하고 TinyOS와 자바 언어를 이용하여 구현한다. 이를 통하여 센서 노드의 전력 상태를 확인하여 데이터 수집이 어려울 경우 수면이나 power off 모드로 전환하여 전력 손실을 방지하고, 주변 환경이 정상적일 경우 활동 모드로 변경함으로써 효과적으로 센서 노드의 전력을 제어할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제7권11호
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• pp.2769-2792
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• 2013

In this paper, we propose an authenticated key agreement scheme, TinyIBAK, based on the identity-based cryptography and bilinear paring, for large scale sensor networks. We prove the security of our proposal in the random oracle model. According to the formal security validation using AVISPA, the proposed scheme is strongly secure against the passive and active attacks, such as replay, man-in-the middle and node compromise attacks, etc. We implemented our proposal for TinyOS-2.1, analyzed the memory occupation, and evaluated the time and energy performance on the MICAz motes using the Avrora toolkits. Moreover, we deployed our proposal within the TOSSIM simulation framework, and investigated the effect of node density on the performance of our scheme. Experimental results indicate that our proposal consumes an acceptable amount of resources, and is feasible for infrequent key distribution and rekeying in large scale sensor networks. Compared with other ID-based key agreement approaches, TinyIBAK is much more efficient or comparable in performance but provides rekeying. Compared with the traditional key pre-distribution schemes, TinyIBAK achieves significant improvements in terms of security strength, key connectivity, scalability, communication and storage overhead, and enables efficient secure rekeying.