• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.39-47
• /
• 2015

Purpose: To determine clinically useful biochemical markers reflecting disease activity and/or gastrointestinal (GI) tract involvement in Henoch-$Sch{\ddot{o}}nlein$ purpura (HSP). Methods: A total of 185 children with HSP and 130 controls were included. Laboratory data indicating inflammation, standard coagulation, and activated coagulation were analyzed for the HSP patients, including measurements of the hemoglobin level, white blood cell (WBC) count, absolute neutrophil count (ANC), platelet count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) level, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and fibrinogen, D-dimer, and fibrin degradation product (FDP) levels. The clinical scores of the skin, joints, abdomen, and kidneys were assessed during the acute and convalescence phases of HSP. Results: The WBC count, ANC, ESR, and CRP, fibrinogen, D-dimer, and FDP levels were significantly higher in the acute phase compared with the convalescent phase of HSP (p<0.05). The total clinical scores were more strongly correlated with the D-dimer (r=0.371, p<0.001) and FDP (r=0.369, p<0.001) levels than with inflammatory markers, such as the WBC count (r=0.241, p=0.001), ANC (r=0.261, p<0.001), and CRP (r=0.260, p<0.001) levels. The patients with GI symptoms had significantly higher ANC (median [interquartile range], 7,138.0 [4,446.4-9,470.0] vs. 5,534.1 [3,263.0-8,153.5], p<0.05) and CRP (0.49 [0.15-1.38] vs. 0.23 [0.01-0.67], p<0.05), D-dimer (2.63 [1.20-4.09] vs. 1.75 [0.62-3.39]), and FDP (7.10 [0.01-13.65] vs. 0.10 [0.01-7.90], p<0.05) levels than those without GI symptoms. Conclusion: D-dimer and FDPs are more strongly associated with disease activity and more consistently reflect GI involvement than inflammatory markers during the acute phase of HSP.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.16 no.12
• /
• pp.4909-4913
• /
• 2015

Objective: To explore the preventive effect of aspirin on the cardiovascular complications in prostate cancer after endocrinotherapy. Materials and Methods: A total of 92 patients with prostate cancer were divided into observation group (n=44) and control group (n=48). The control group was treated with medical castration plus anti-androgenic drugs. Based on the above treatment, the observation group was added aspirin. The follow-up duration was 2 years. The changes of partial prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), platelet aggregation rate (PAG), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and serum testosterone (T) before and after treatment as well as incidence of cardiovascular disease were observed. Results: The 2-year survival rates of patients without cardiovascular disease in observation group and control group were 95.45% (42/44) and 72.92% (35/48), respectively, and significant difference was presented between two groups by comparison to the survival rates ($x^2=8.5453$, p=0.0035). There was no statistical significance between two groups as well as before and after treatment regarding PT (p>0.05). After treatment, APTT went down and PAG was gradually on the rise in control group, while PAG down and APTT on the rise increasingly in observation group. Significant differences were presented between two groups as well as before and after treatment (p<0.01). Both PSA and T levels were decreased significantly in two groups after treatment (p<0.01), but there was no statistical significant between two groups (p>0.05). Conclusions: Application of endocrinotherapy in prostate cancer can easily lead to occurrence of cardiovascular disease, but cardiovascular complications can be prevented by aspirin, without affecting the effect of endocrinotherapy.

• Herbal Formula Science
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.199-214
• /
• 1998

This study was performed to prove the antithrombotic effects of DoHongYeum fluid by way of experimental methods. The thrombosis was induced by injection of collagen the mixture (0.1ml/10g, 2mg/kg B.W)plus serotonin (5mg/kg B.W) into the caudal vein of rat, 2 hours after liquid extract of DoHongYeum was oral administration. The effect of the fluid of DoHongYeum was rxamined by the number of RBC and platelets, bleeding time, blood clotting time, death rate, platelet aggregation, plasmacoagulation factor activity, exvivo and fibrinolytic activity of englobulin fracture in the rats. The results were summerized as followings. 1. The number of RBC and platelets was significantly increased in DoHomeYeum group incomparison with the control group. 2. Bleeding time was significantly shortened in DHY group in comparison with the controlgroup. 3. Blood clotting time was significantly prolonged in DHY group in comparison with the control group. 4. The death rate of mouse was inhibited in DHY group in comparison with the control group. 5. The platelet aggregation was inhibited in DHY group in comparison with the control group. 6. The prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time on the test of plasmacoagulation factor activity was prolonged but was not valuable in DHY group. 7. Fibrinogen lyses time of rat was reduced and lyses area was increased in DHY group incomparison with the control group. 8. Fibrinogen lyses time of rat in vitro assay was reduced in DHY group. From the above results, it was thought that the DoHongYeum could be applied effectively in the thrombosis.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.139-147
• /
• 2011

Objectives : The aim of this study is to research an anti-thrombus effect by Diospyros Kaki Calyx. Methods : The healthy human plasma were gained and used in vitro study such as factor X activity (FXa) inhibition, prothrombinase inhibition, prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time. Fifteen SD rats were divided into three groups ; intact control group (orally administrated with distilled water 5ml/kg) and two experimental group treated with extract of diospyros kaki calyx (EKC). Experimental rats were orally 600 mg/kg concentration of EKC and 200 mg/kg concentration of EKC. After an hour from administration, we anesthetized rats and made arteriovenous (AV) shunt rat models to study weight of thrombus, took whole blood to study content of thromboxane B2 and blood clotting time. Results : In vitro, EKC significantly increased inhibitory activity of FXa, prothrombinase compared with intact control group ($^*P$ <0.05). PT and aPTT were increased in EKC treated (600 mg/kg) group compared with intact control group ($^*P$ <0.05). In vivo, blood clotting time of experiment group treated with EKC 600 mg/kg were significantly increased compare with that of intact control group (p<0.05) and content of thromboxane B2 was significantly decreased in group treated with EKC 600 mg/kg in serum. The weight of thrombus were significantly reduced in group treated with EKC 600 mg/kg compared with intact control group (p<0.05). But in vivo experiment study, those parameters of group treated with EKC 200 mg/kg were relatively decreased compared with those of intact control group without statistical significance. Conclusions : EKC has an antithrombic activity because of inhibition internal course such as FXa and prothrombin. And EKC inhibited a hole blood clotting in vivo experiment by low content of thromboxane B2.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.42 no.3
• /
• pp.302-306
• /
• 2014

Ehwa nuruk (EN), a traditional Korean alcoholic rice beverage, is manufactured from pulverized wet rice and the needles of pine trees. In this study, the ethanol extract of EN and its subsequent organic solvent fractions were prepared, and their in-vitro anti-thrombosis activity evaluated. In an anti-coagulation assay, only the ethylacetate (EA) fraction of the ethanol extract showed significant extensions of thrombin time, prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time. In a platelet aggregation assay, the water residue of the ethanol extract exhibited aggregation inhibitory activity. Our results suggest that the EA fraction has potential as a new anticoagulation agent and EN could be used as a novel resource for anti-thrombosis agents. This report provides the first evidence of the anti-thrombosis activity of EN.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.271-277
• /
• 1999

Safety evaluation of LB71350, a new HIV-1 protease inhibitor, was performed in mice, rats and dogs. For the general behavior of mice, LB71350 at an oral dose of 200 mg/kg did not show any significant effects on muscle tone and locomotor activity. In terms of central nervous system, at oral doses of 200 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg, LB71350 inhibited acetic acid-induced pain response approximately 41% and 83% of control. respectively. At oral doses of 200 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg, it reduced the rectal body temperature in rats. Pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure in mice was slightly potentiated by oral administration of LB71350 at doses ranging from 200 mg/kg to 1000 mg/Ag. Single or five day treatment of LB71350 doubled the hexobarbital- induced sleeping time in mice at oral doses ranging from 50 mg/kg to 500 mg/kg. It did not cause any effects on gastric secretion and acidity in rat at oral doses of 200 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg and also it did not change intestinal motility in mice up to 1000 mg/kg. Blood coagulation indices such as prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and thrombin time (TT) in rats were not affected by the treatment of LB71350 up to 500 mg/kg. LB71350 caused no significant effects on the cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, and mean blood pressure when infused intravenously to the anesthetized rats and dogs. Taken together, LB71350 at high oral doses caused significant pharmacological effects on the central nervous system and the hexobarbital-induced sleeping time.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.34-50
• /
• 1996

The present experiment was desinged to investigate the effects of Tongdosan water extracts on the Cardiovascular System in the Experimental Animals. Thus, the changes of blood pressure and heart rate were measured after oral admini- stration. Measurment of Mortality rate was observed for measuring the effect of Tongdosan water extract. Tongdosan water extract against pulmonary thrombo- embolism induced by collagen the mixture(0.1ml/10g, 2mg/kg B.W) plus serotonin(5mg/kg B.W) in mouse. The effect of Tongdosan water extract was examined by observing the change of collagen-induced platelet aggregation, coagulation activity, ex vivo and in vitro fibrinolytic activity of euglobulin fraction in rats. The results were summarized as followings. 1. Tongdosan dropped the blood pressure in spontaneous hypertensive rat. 2. The drug increased the auricular blood flow in rabbit. 3. The drug relaxed the artery contraction by pretreated norepinephrine in rat. 4. The drug inhibited the death rate of mouse which was led to thromboembo- lism by serotonin and collagen. 5. The drug inhibited the platelet aggregation in rat. 6. The drug prolonged the prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time on the test of plasma coagulation factor activity in rat, but was not valuable. 7. The drug reduced the fibrinogen lyses time of rat ex vivo assay and lyses area was increased. 8. Tongdosan reduced fibrinogen lyses time of rat in vitro assay. According to the above mentioned results, Tongdosan increased the blood flow and dropped the blood pressure by the dilation of blood vessel. And the drug presented the antithrombin acivity, inhibited the platelet aggregation.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.69-85
• /
• 1997

This study was designed to elucidate the anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular, anti-thrombotic and analgesic effects of Shintongchugeotang. The anti-inflammatory effect was measured by the method of carragenin induced edema, protein leakage test using CMC-pouch, and the analgesic effect was measured by the acetic acid method and hot plate method, and the effect of Shintongchugeotang on the cardiovascular system was observed by the change of flow rate of Ringer solution in the vascular system in the ear of rabbit, and the contraction and dilatation of rat tail artery. Death rate, platelet aggregation, plasma coagulation activity was observed for the measurement of the anti-coagurative effect of Shintongchugeotang. The result was as follows : 1. After the administration of Shintongchugeotang extract, Carragenin induced edema and CMC-pouch protein leakage were significantly decreased. 2. The slight analgesic effect of Shintongchugeotang extract was confirmed by the observation of writhing syndrome, paw licking time, and escape time. 3. The drug increased the auricular blood flow in rabbit. 4. The drug relaxed the artery contraction by pretreated norepinephrine in rat. 5. The drug inhibited the death rate of mouse which was led to thromboembolism by serotonin and collagen. 6. The drug inhibited the platelet aggregation in rat. 7. The drug prolonged the prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time on the test of plasma coagulation factor activity in rat, but was not valuable.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.97-113
• /
• 1997

The present experiment was designed to investigate the effects of Sambutang water extracts on the serum cholesterol levels and the cardiovascular system in the experimental animals. Thus, the changes of blood pressure and heart rate were measured after oral administration. Measurment of Mortality rate was observed for measuring the effect of Sambutang water extract. Sambutang water extract against pulmonary thromboembolism induced by collagen the mixture(0.1 ml/10 g, 2 mg/kg) plus serotonin(5 mg/kg) in mouse. The effect of Sambutang water extract was examined by observing the change of collagen-induced platelet aggregation, coagulation activity, ex vivo and in vitro fibrinolytic activity of euglobulin fraction in rats. The results were summarized as follows. 1. Sambutang decreased the serum cholesterol levels in rats. 2. Sambutang dropped the blood pressure in spontaneous hypertensive rat. 3. The drug increased the auricular blood flow in rabbit. 4. The drug relaxed the artery contraction by pretreated norepinephrine in rat. 5. The drug inhibited the death rate of mouse which was led to thromboembolism by serotonin and collagen. 6. The drug inhibited the platelet aggregation in rat. 7. The drug prolonged the prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time on the test of plasma coagulation factor activity in rat, but was not valuable. 8. The drug increased the antithrombin activity in rat and the fibrinogen lysis time was reduced and lysis area was increased. 9. Sambutang reduced fibrinogen lysis time of rat in vitro assay. According to the above mentioned results. Sambutang increased the blood flow and dropped the blood pressure by the dilation of blood vessel. And the drug presented the antithrombin activity, inhibited the platelet aggregation.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.197-213
• /
• 1995

The present experiment was desinged to investigate the effects of Sopungtang water extracts on the Cardiovascular System in the Experimental Animals. Thus, the changes of blood pressure and heart rate were measured after oral administration. Measurments of Mortality rate were observed for measuring the effect of Sopungtang water extract. Sopungtang water extract against pulmonary thromboembolism induced by collagen the mixture(0.1ml/10g, 2mg/kg B.W) plus serotonin(5mg/kg B.W) in mouse. The effects of Sopungtang water extract were examined by observing the change of collagen-induced platelet aggregation, coagulation activity, ex vivo and in vitro fibrinolytic activity of euglobulin fraction in rats. The results were summarized as followings. 1. Sopungtang dropped the blood pressure in spontaneous hypertensive rat. 2. The drug increased the auricular blood flow in rabbit. 3. The drug relaxed the artery contraction by pretreated norepinephrine in rat. 4. The drug inhibited the death rate of mouse which was led to thromboembolism by serotonin and collagen. 5. The drug inhibited the platelet aggregation in rat. 6. The drug prolonged the prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time on the test of plasma coagulation factor activity in rat, but was not valuable. 7. The drug increased the antithrombin activity in rat and the fibrinogen lyses time was reduced and lyses area was increased. 8. Sopungtang reduced fibrinogen lyses time of rat in vitro assay. According to the above mentioned results, Sopungtang increased the blood flow and dropped the blood pressure by the dilation of blood vessel. And the drug presented the antithrombin acivity, inhibited the platelet aggregation.