• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.114-121
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• 2023

The objective of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant components, elastase inhibition activities, and melanin synthesis rates of Korean traditional Actinidia (Actinidia arguta) fruits and leaves depending on the ethanol extraction concentrations. The total polyphenol content was the highest in the 50% ethanol extract of both fruits and leaves, with values of 634.1 mg GAE/100 g and 3,985.2 mg GAE/100 g, respectively. The total flavonoid content was the highest in the fruit 90% extract and leaf 50% extract at 191.9 mg/100 g and 2655.6 mg/100 g, respectively. The vitamin C content was the highest in the 50% extract of leaves at 2990.3 mg/100 g. Elastase inhibition was the highest at 56.9% in the leaf 50% extract at a concentration of 1,000 ㎍/mL. Melanin synthesis inhibition showed the highest melanin synthesis inhibitory effect among the extracts, as the leaf 50% extract showed an inhibitory rate of 65% or more. Therefore, the antioxidant components, elastase inhibition activities, and melanin synthesis inhibitory rate were better in leaves than in fruits. The leaf 50% extract was particularly the best among the extracts. Korean traditional Actinidia leaves can be considered as potential sources for new functional materials.

• 생약학회지
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• 제36권1호통권140호
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• pp.26-33
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• 2005

Korean folk medicine 'Da Rae Ip' has been used to cure intestinal catarrh, stomach cancer and acute gastritis. The botanical origin of the crude drug has never been studied pharmacognostically. To clarify the botanical origin of 'Da Rae Ip', the morphological and anatomical characteristics of the leaves of Actinidia species growing in Korea and Japan; i.e. A. arguta, A. arguta var. rufinervis, A. kolomikta, A. polygama, A. rufa were studied. As a result, it was clarified that 'Da Rae Ip' was the leaf of Actinidia arguta and Actinidia polygama.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.464-471
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• 2017

본 연구는 과열증기처리 기술을 이용하여 산채류 중 하나인 토종 다래순을 건조하였으며, $350^{\circ}C$의 과열증기온도에서 40-200초 처리 시간에 따라 수분함량 및 수분활성도와 그 상관관계를 분석하여 건조특성을 연구하였고, 이화학적 특성으로 색도, 총 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량, 항산화 활성과 미생물학적 특성으로 일반세균과 대장균군 수를 검사하였다. 처리 시간이 길어질수록 수분함량과 수분활성도가 감소하였고 160초 건조 시간 이후부터 건조된 상태의 다래순을 얻을 수 있었으며, 과열증기 처리에 따른 수분함량과 수분활성도는 매우 높은 상관관계를 가졌다. 과열증기처리 시간이 길어질수록 L, a, b 값과 색차값(${\Delta}E$)이 증가하는 경향으로 나타났으며, 200초 처리는 다래순의 갈변을 일으키는 것으로 나타났다. 다래순의 총 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량, 항산화 활성은 160초 처리 시간까지 점차적으로 증가했지만 200초 처리 시 함량 및 활성이 급격하게 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 대장균군은 모든 시료에서 검출되지 않았으며, 일반세균의 경우 과열증기 120초 처리시간 이후부터 검출되지 않았다. 본 연구 결과와 같이 과열증기 기술은 영양적 위생적으로 우수한 건조 토종 다래순을 가공할 수 있을 것으로 판단되며, 이외에 여러 고품질의 건조 산채류 제조 시 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이라 생각된다. 또한 과열증기처리는 다른 건조공정에 비해 단시간에 식품을 건조할 수 있고 증발 증기를 재활용할 수 있어 경제적이고 산업적으로 활용 가치가 높은 건조방법으로 생각되어 향후 이를 다양한 식품 가공 공정에 적용한 연구가 활발히 진행되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.68-70
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• 2008

2006년 6월 전남 순천과 고흥지역의 농가에서 재배되고 있는 참다래 잎에 갈색 점무늬 증상이 나타나기 시작하여 점차 짙은 갈색의 둥근 무의로 확대되었고, 심할 경우에는 생육기 동안에도 낙엽을 초래하였다. 둥근 무늬병반에서 일관성 있게 분리된 Alternaria sp.를 순수배양시켜 관찰한 균학적 특징과 참다래 잎에 상처접종에 의한 확인된 병원성을 토대로 Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler에 의한 참다래 갈색둥근무늬병으로 동정하였다. A. alternata는 감자한천배지에서 짙은 회색 균총을 형성하였고 분생포자를 다량 형성하였다. 담갈색 또는 금색의 분생포자는 난형 또는 역곤봉 형태를 하며, 분생포자경 위에 보통 5개 이상 사슬모양으로 형성되는데, 횡격막이 $3{\sim}5$개, 종격막이 $1{\sim}2$개가 있고, 분생포자의 크기는 $16.5{\sim}42.1{\times}6.7{\sim}19.5\;{\mu}m$, 분생포자경의 길이는 $8.6{\sim}112.7\;{\mu}m$였다. 이상과 같이 국내 최초로 A. alternata에 의한 참다래 갈색둥근무늬병의 발생을 보고하는 바이다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제100권1호
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• pp.8-13
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• 2011

본 연구는 다래 및 교잡종 다래의 수관층위에 따른 광환경 차이에 따른 광합성능력, 엽 그리고 과실의 특성 변화를 구명하고자 실시하였다. 수관층위별에 따른 광합성속도를 측정한 결과, 수관층위가 높아질수록 광합성 속도가 증가하여 광도 $1,000{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}s^{-1}$에서 하층($5.82{\mu}mol\;CO_2\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$), 중층($7.11{\mu}mol\;CO_2\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$), 상층($9.54{\mu}mol\;CO_2\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$)의 순으로 높은 광합성속도를 나타냈다. 엽의 경우, 수관층위가 높아질수록 엽폭과 엽장 그리고 엽면적이 감소하였다. 즉, 하층, 중층, 상층 수관층위가 증가할수록 엽면적은 162.8, 90.9, $68.3cm^2$ 로 각각 감소하였다. 과실의 경우에는 수관층위가 높아질수록 과실 중량 및 과실 폭과 과실 길이가 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 이러한 결과는 상층의 높은 광합성능력이 과실의 생육에 영향을 미친 것으로 수관상층부로의 결과지 유도를 통해 대립성 다래 과실생산이 가능할 것으로 여겨진다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.308-313
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• 2007

A survey of the occurrence of abiotic diseases on kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) trees was conducted at sixty-two kiwifruit orchards in twenty-one locations of Jeonnam and Jeju Provinces in Korea during the 2007 growing season. Various kinds of abiotic diseases were detected on the kiwifruit trees. Malformed fruits caused by incomplete pollination were commonly observed among the normally growing fruits on almost all of the kiwifruit trees examined. Fruits imbued with wire rust, fruits scratched or girdled by the wire and fruits injured by sunscald occurred in all of the examined orchards. Abnormal growth of girdled branches by the fence wire, dead trees killed by excessive soil moisture due to poor draining and leaf chlorosis by nutrient deficiencies were found in some orchards. Leaf spotting by herbicide and leaf scorch or blight by excessively high temperature were observed. Leaf blight on young shoots by late frost and bark split on trunks by freeze occurred in several open-field orchards. Flooding and strong wind damages by attack of typhoon 'Nari' were also found during the survey period. Cup-shaped leaves frequently occurred on young shoots in early spring and the incidence of the syndrome tends to increase annually in recent years, which are not etiologically defined until now.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.107-115
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• 2004

참다래 육종을 위한 종 분류와 분자 표지인자로서 유용하게 이용될 수 있는 primer를 개발하기 위하여 참다래 genome 특이 반복 염기서열로부터 19∼20base 크기로 18개의 primer를 제작하여 kiwifruit target primer(KT primer)라 명명하였으며, 동아시아 지역에서 수집된 7종 22계통의 다래나무 속 식물을 이용하여 활용 가능성 을 조사하였다. 유연관계 분석을 위하여 7개의 primer가 선발되었으며, 이를 이용한 RAPD 결과 크게 2개의 군으로 나뉘어 졌다. 제 1 군(A. arguta, A. melanandra, A. kolumikta와 A. marcrosperma)은 주로 과실에 전혀 털이 없으며 잎에는 털이 전혀 없거나 어렸을 때 극소량의 연모가 있다가 없어지는 그룹으로서 Leiocarpae 절에 속하였다. 제 2 군(A. chinensis, A. deliciosa 및 A. eriantha)은 어린 과실에서는 털이 많았다가 성숙하면서 털이 없어지는 계통 및 잎과 줄기에 털이 아주 많거나 조밀한 솜털이 있는 그룹으로서 Stellatae절에 속하였다. 제 2 군은 Stellatae 절에서도 Pefectae 아절에 속하는 것으로 A. chinensis, A. deliciosa 및 A. eriantha가 포함되었으며, 다시 A. chinensis와 A. deliciosa를 포함하는 그룹과 A. eriantha 등 2개의 그룹으로 나뉘어졌다. 같은 부모로부터 유래된 것으로 알려진 A. chinensis와 A. deliciosa는 80％의 유사도에서 두 개의 그룹으로 나뉘어졌다. 또한 PCR 결과 A. deliciosa 종 및 헤이워드와 토무리 계통 특이 밴드가 KT12F와 KT6F에서 나타났으며, 유전양상 분석에서 KT7F와 KT12F가 유용하였다. 본 연구 결과 KT primer는 참다래의 유전양상 분석과 특이한 유전양상을 나타내는 개체선발 및 도태에 유용하게 이용될 수 있고, 또한 참다래 육종 효율향상에 많은 도움을 줄 수 있다고 판단되었다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2008

Various kinds of leaf spots and blights were found in kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) orchards on 2006 in Korea. Disease incidences were quite variable between open-field and rain-proof shelter. Rate of diseased leaves was recorded as about 70% at open-field orchards in late season but use of rain-proof vinyl shelters alleviated the disease incidences by 20%. Angular leaf spots appeared at early infection stage on June and several other symptoms were also recognized as the disease developed afterward. On September, brown leaf blights were the most frequent, followed by grayish brown ring spots, silvering gray leaf blights, zonate leaf blights, dark brown ring spots and angular leaf spots at open-field orchards. Four fungal species were frequently isolated from the disease symptoms. Phomopsis sp. was the most predominant fungus associated with the leaf spot and blight symptoms on kiwifruit, followed by Glomerella cingulata, Alternaria alternata and Pestalo-tiopsis sp. Phomopsis sp. was commonly isolated from angular leaf spots, silvering gray leaf blights, and zonate brown leaf blights. G. cingulata, A. alternata and Pestalotiopsis sp. were isolated from grayish brown ring spots (anthracnose), brown ring spots and zonate dark brown leaf blights. Typical symptoms appeared on the wounded and unwounded leaves, which were inoculated by each of Phomopsis sp., G. cingulata, and Pestalotiopsis sp., but A. alternata caused symptoms only on the wounded leaves.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.377-387
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• 2021

Background and objective: To improve air quality, particulate matter (PM) can be reduced using green infrastructure. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine the particulate matter reduction potential of climbing plants used for green walls, an element of vertical green infrastructure. Methods: A sealed chamber with controlled environmental variables was used to assess the PM reduction level caused by climbing plants. PM concentration in the plant chamber was measured after two and four hours of PM exposure, and the reduction potential was assessed based on the leaf area. Results: Compared to the empty chamber (Control), the PM reduction speed per hour was higher in the plant chamber, which confirmed that climbing plants contribute to the reduction of PM in the air. The PM reduction speed immediately after exposure in the plant chamber was high, but this slowed over time. Additionally, PM has been continuously reduced in plants with large leaves. As a result of calculating the particulate matter reduction level based on leaf area, it was found that there was a difference by particle size. Actinidia arguta, Parthenocissus tricuspidata, Trachelospermum asiaticum, and Euonymus fortunei var. radicans showed a high reduction effect. The trichomes on the leaf surface of Trachelospermum asiaticum were found to affect PM reduction. Conclusion: PM adsorption on the leaf surface is an important factor in reducing its concentration. It was possible to compare different plants by quantifying the amount of PM reduction during a fixed time period. These results can be used as the basic data to select the plant species suitable for urban green walls in terms of PM reduction.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.229-234
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• 2012

BACKGROUND: The fruit quality and flowering characteristics of Kiwifruit (A. deliciosa cv. Hayward) in the following year is known to be affected by the extent and timing of defoliation of the current year. In korea, the production of kiwi, which is a perennial, straggling deciduous warm-temperate fruit, is often restricted by wind damage due to typhoons resulting to defoliation at the middle season of its growing period. In this paper, we report the effect of the different timing of defoliation and severities at the current season to the kiwifruit quality. METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty seven-year-old 'Hayward' trees grown under polyethylene film rain-shelter were defoliated in different days from August to September at seven day-intervals. In each day, 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of leaves were removed from the trees. Fruits from each treatment were classified into four floating types (L: lying in bottom, S: standing on bottom, F: floating and SF: floating at the surface of water) by submerging them into tap water. Defoliation of kiwifruit trees in August and September caused air holes in locules of inner pericarp. Increased number of air hole in locules of a fruit was observed in floating types F and SF, and most of the air holes were located in stem end. The defoliation of trees in August significantly reduced the ratio of L-floating type fruits, which have the least number of locule air holes. The extent of defoliation also affected the distribution of the four types, the more leaves removed, the less L-floating type fruits harvested. The weight of fruits from trees defoliated in August was lower than that of fruits from September. Soluble solids content decreased as the number of locule air holes increased. Negative correlations were observed between the extent of defoliation and the weight and soluble solids content of fruits. CONCLUSION: Early defoliation effect on kiwifruit locule air hole occurrence and fruit quality were more severe in August than in September. And also if the defoliation severity is over 25%, severe fruit quality reduction expected to happen due to increase of fruit locule air hole in the inner pericarp.