• 미생물학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2013

Erm 단백질은 23S rRNA의 특정 아데닌 잔기 $N_6$ 위치에 methylation을 일으켜 임상적으로 중요하게 사용되는 macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B계 항생제에 내성을 유발시킨다. 최근 ErmC'에서 N-말단 catalytic domain과 C-말단 substrate binding domain를 연결하는 오목한 홈 형성부위에 존재하는 잘 보존된 아미노산 잔기가 기질과 상호작용하는 것으로 제안되었다. 우리는 ErmSF에서 두 domain의 연결 부위의 오목한 홈에 위치하여 기질과의 상호작용이 예상되며 또한 Erm 단백질들 사이에서 매우 높게 보존되어있는 237번 아르지닌 잔기를 치환하여 그 기능을 in vivo, in vitro상에서 검색하여 분석하였다. R237A 변이 단백질을 발현하는 세균은 야생형 단백질을 발현하는 세균과 비교하여 in vivo 상에서는 차이를 나타내지 않았으나 순수분리 한 후 in vitro에서의 효소 활성은 야생형에 비하여 51%만을 나타내어 그 잔기가 기질 부착 기능을 수행하고 있다고 제안할 수 있었다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2012년도 제43회 하계 정기 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.434-434
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• 2012

Despite recent efforts for fabricating flexible transparent conducting films (TCFs) with low resistance and high transmittance, several obstacles to meet the requirement of flexible displays still remain. Indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films, which have been traditionally used as the TCFs, have a serious obstacle in TCFs applications. SWNTs are the most appropriate materials for conductive films for displays due to their excellent high mechanical strength and electrical conductivity. Recently, it has been demonstrated that acid treatment is an efficient method for surfactant removal. However, the treatment has been reported to destroy most SWNT. In this work, the fabrication by the spraying process of transparent SWNT films and reduction of its sheet resistance by Au-ionic doping treatment on PET substrates is researched. Arc-discharge SWNTs were dispersed in deionized water by adding sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as surfactant and sonicated, followed by the centrifugation. The dispersed SWNT was spray-coated on PET substrate and dried on a hotplate. When the spray process was terminated, the TCF was immersed into deionized water to remove the surfactant and then it was dried on hotplate. The TCF film was then was doped with Au-ionic doping treatment, rinsed with deionized water and dried. The surface morphology of TCF was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy. The sheet resistance and optical transmission properties of the TCF were measured with a four-point probe method and a UV-visible spectrometry, respectively. This was confirmed and discussed on the XPS and UPS studies. We show that 87 ${\Omega}/{\Box}$ sheet resistances with 81% transmittance at the wavelength of 550 nm. The changes in electrical and optical conductivity of SWNT film before and after Au-ionic doping treatments were discussed. The effects of hole transport interface layer using Au-ionic doping SWNT on the performance of organic solar cells were investigated.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.135-143
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• 2012

본 연구는 독도에 자생하는 개밀의 야생군락지의 근권으로부터 분리된 균 중 식물의 생장을 촉진하고, 식물의 병원균을 억제하는 것으로 알려져 있는 Enterobacter 속 세균에 초점을 맞추어 실험을 진행하였다. 개밀 근권으로부터 총124종의 세균을 분리하였으며 16S rDNA sequence를 이용하여 부분 동정한 결과, 13종의 Enterobacter 속 세균을 확인할 수 있었다. 분리된 Enterobacter 속 세균들의 식물생장촉진 근권 세균으로서의 특징을 밝히기 위해 식물의 생장호르몬인 auxin의 생산능력과 난용성인의 가용능, siderophore 생산능을 측정하였다. 식물생장호르몬인 auxin을 형성하는 균주12종, 난용성 인을 분해할 수 있는 균주 12종, siderophore를 형성할 수 있는 균주 11종이 각각 확인되었다. 분리된 균주들은 대표적인 식용작물인 고추에 직접 적용하여 식물의 생장촉진 효과와 병원균에 대한 전신유도저항성을 확인하였다. 그 중 KUDC5002와 KUDC5013의 경우 식물의 생장을 촉진시키는 균주로 확인되었다. 특히 KUDC5007, KUDC5008 및 KUDC5010의 경우, 지금까지 보고된 바 없었던 고추 유묘의 흰별무늬병에 대한 식물의 저항성을 증가시키는 것으로 확인되어 새로운 생물학적 제재로서 매우 가치 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권21호
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• pp.9249-9258
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• 2014

Background: The encapsulation of curcumin (Cur) in polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (Cur-NPs) was designed to improve its solubility and stability. Conjugation of the Cur-NPs with anti-P-glycoprotein (P-gp) antibody (Cur-NPs-APgp) may increase their targeting to P-gp, which is highly expressed in multidrugresistance (MDR) cancer cells. This study determined whether Cur-NPs-APgp could overcome MDR in a human cervical cancer model (KB-V1 cells) in vitro and in vivo. Materials and Methods: First, we determined the MDR-reversing property of Cur in P-gp-overexpressing KB-V1 cells in vitro and in vivo. Cur-NPs and Cur-NPs-APgp, in the range 150-180 nm, were constructed and subjected to an in vivo pharmacokinetic study compared with Cur. The in vitro and in vivo MDR-reversing properties of Cur-NPs and Cur-NPs-APgp were then investigated. Moreover, the stability of the NPs was determined in various solutions. Results: The combined treatment of paclitaxel (PTX) with Cur dramatically decreased cell viability and tumor growth compared to PTX treatment alone. After intravenous injection, Cur-NPs-APgp and Cur-NPs could be detected in the serum up to 60 and 120 min later, respectively, whereas Cur was not detected after 30 min. Pretreatment with Cur-NPs-APgp, but not with NPs or Cur-NPs, could enhance PTX sensitivity both in vitro and in vivo. The constructed NPs remained a consistent size, proving their stability in various solutions. Conclusions: Our functional Cur-NPs-APgp may be a suitable candidate for application in a drug delivery system for overcoming drug resistance. The further development of Cur-NPs-APgp may be beneficial to cancer patients by leading to its use as either as a MDR modulator or as an anticancer drug.

• 식물병연구
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.9-25
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• 2018

전 세계적으로 주요 작물에서 기후변화, 무역의 다변화 등 여러 요인에 의해 식물바이러스에 의한 작물 생산량 감소 등의 경제적 손실이 심각하다. 이에 경제 작물에서 심각한 바이러스 병 피해를 줄이기 위한 여러 바이러스에 대한 광범위한 저항성 작물개발이 시급하다. 식물바이러스 병 예방 및 방제를 위해서 지금까지 연구해왔던 바이러스-식물간의 상호작용 기초 연구결과물 뿐만 아니라 식물면역 관련 과학적 방법 종합화를 통한 응용화된 연구 진행이 필요하다. 본 리뷰에서는 바이러스 저항성 작물 도입을 위해 지금까지 연구되어 왔던 식물면역 기작을 소개하고 이를 활용한 작물 개발 사례를 소개하였다. 또한 유전자교정기술과 같은 게놈 공학 기술을 활용한 바이러스 저항성 작물의 필요성과 연구 방향에 대해 기술하였다. 본 리뷰를 통해 현재까지 알려져 있는 바이러스 면역 기작에 대한 이해를 돕고, 최신 바이러스 병방제 기술들을 소개함으로써 농민들뿐만 아니라 연구자들에게도 도움이 되기를 바라며, 식물면역 연구가 작물 재배 중 발생할 수 있는 바이러스 병 농가 피해를 감소시킬 수 있는 효과적인 대응 방안으로 이어지길 바란다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.493-501
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• 1989

A total of 108 strains of C jejuni isolated from pigs and chickens were examined for the susceptibility to 10 antimicrobial agents and normal sera of cattle, sheep, guinea pigs and chickens. Minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) ranges of antimicrobial agents to C jejuni isolates were $${\leq_-}1.56$$ to $${\geq_-}100{\mu}g/ml$$ for erythromycin, rifampin, streptomycin and tetracycline, 50 to $${\geq_-}100{\mu}g$$ for cephalothin, $${\leq_-}1.56$$ to $50{\mu}g$ for ampicillin, $${\leq_-}1.56$$ to $25{\mu}g$ for kanamycin and nalidixic acid, $${\leq_-}1.56$$ to $12.5{\mu}g$ for chloramphenicol and gentamicin. Resistance rates of C jejuni were showed to in order of rifampin(84.7%), tetracycline(56.2 %), erythromycin(17.1%) and ampicillin(3.8%), all of the strains were sensitive to chloramphenicol, gentamicin and kanamycin, and the incidence rates of resistant C jejuni were highly frequent in pig isolates than chicken isolates. The drug resistance patterns of 87 chicken isolates C jejuni to 9 antimicrobial drugs were showed 12 patterns, and Sm Ra Tc(24.1%), Sm Ra(21.8%) and Ra Tc(14.9%) were relatively common, and also 21 pig isolates were showed 6 patterns and Em Sm Ra Tc(57.1%) were most frequent. The majority of the isolates showed multiple drug resistance. Bactericidal activity of 10% normal sera from healthy animals were examined for 60min at $37^{\circ}C$. C jejuni were decreased from 0.4 to 1.0 ${\log}_{10}$(p<0.01), and serum susceptibility were high in order of guinea pig, sheep, chicken and cattle sera. Serum sensitivity of C jejuni Ch-39 strain in increased serum concentation up to 10, 20, 40 and 80% were highly significant. In the normal animal serum, the number of Ch-39 strain were decreased from $1.8{\times}10^4/ml$ to $2.7{\times}10^3/ml$ after 60 min incubation(p<0.01), but the numbers were decreased to $6.6{\times}10^3/ml$ in the heat inactivated normal serum for 30 min at $56^{\circ}C$. Bactericidal activity was restored in the heat inactivated normal serum after the serum of complement source was added.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.490.2-490.2
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• 2014

Since the general solar cells accept sun light at the front side, excluding the electrode area, electrons move from the emitter to the front electrode and start to collect at the grid edge. Thus the edge of gridline can be important for electrical properties of screen-printed silicon solar cells. In this study, the improvement of electrical properties in screen-printed crystalline silicon solar cells by contact treatment of grid edge was investigated. The samples with $60{\Omega}/{\square}$ and $70{\Omega}/{\square}$ emitter were prepared. After front side of samples was deposited by SiNx commercial Ag paste and Al paste were printed at front side and rear side respectively. Each sample was co-fired between $670^{\circ}C$ and $780^{\circ}C$ in the rapid thermal processing (RTP). After the firing process, the cells were dipped in 2.5% hydrofluoric acid (HF) at room temperature for various times under 60 seconds and then rinsed in deionized water. (This is called "contact treatment") After dipping in HF for a certain period, the samples from each firing condition were compared by measurement. Cell performances were measured by Suns-Voc, solar simulator, the transfer length method and a field emission scanning electron microscope. According to HF treatment, once the thin glass layer at the grid edge was etched, the current transport was changed from tunneling via Ag colloids in the glass layer to direct transport via Ag colloids between the Ag bulk and the emitter. Thus, the transfer length as well as the specific contact resistance decreased. For more details a model of the current path was proposed to explain the effect of HF treatment at the edge of the Ag grid. It is expected that HF treatment may help to improve the contact of high sheet-resistance emitter as well as the contact of a high specific contact resistance.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.245-252
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• 2001

MLS (macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B) 항생제 내성인자 단백질인 Erm 단백질들은 아미노산 서열 중 그 동일성과 유사성이 높아 구조적으로도 동등한 단백질의 한 집단을 형성한다. 최근 X-ray crystallography에 의해 구조가 결정된 ErmC\` 및 ErmAM 단백질의 구조에 근거하여 ErmSF 단백질도 catalytic domain과 substrate binding domain으로 구분하였고 N-terminal end에 존재하는 catalytic domain의 대량생산을 다양한 pET 발현 vector를 사용하여 시도하였다. 그리고 catalytic domain을 coding하는 DNA 절편은 세 종류를 사용하였다: DNA 절편 1은 Met 1부터 Glu 186까지를 coding하고 DNA 절편 2는 Arg 60부터 Glu 186까지의 정보를 가진 DNA이고 DNA 절편 3은 Arg 60부터 Arg 240까지를 encoding하는 DNA이다. 사용된 다양한 발현 vector중에서 pET19b는 DNA 절편 3, pET23b는 DNA 절편 1과 2를 성공적으로 대량생산하였다. 그러나 대량생산된 catalytic domain들은 불용성 단백질 집합체인 inclusion body를 형성하였다. ErmSF catalytic domain들의 용해성 단백질의 생산을 위하여 chaperone GroESL과 Thioredoxin의 동시 발현 및 배양온도를 $22^{\circ}C$로 낮추어 시도했으나 대량 발현된 단백질의 용해에는 도움을 얻지 못하였다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.85-96
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• 2014

Total 99 strains of Campylobacter spp. were isolated from 117 cases of duck's fecal samples. Among 99 strains of Campylobacter spp. isolates, 93 strains (93.9%) were C. jejuni and 6 strains (6.1%) were C. coli. Prevalence of virulence and GBS associated genes of 72 C. jejuni isolates was determined by m-PCR. Among the 10 kinds of virulence associated genes, cadF, dnaJ, flaA and ceuE genes were detected in all of C. jejuni isolates from ducks, racR, pldA, iamA, ciaB, virB11 and docC genes were 87.5%, 84.7%, 77.8%, 48.6%, 13.9% and 11.1%, respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed on 72 C. jejuni isolates. The rate of resistance were 62.5% for oxytetracycline, 55.6% for kanamycin, 54.2% for enrofloxacin, 50% for ciprofloxacin, 37.5% for tetracycline and nalidixic acid, 18.1% for ampicillin, 15.3% for streptomycin, and 6.9% for ofloxacin. All isolates were susceptible to erythromycin. The adherence (intracellular and extracellular bacteria) abilities of the 20 isolates to INT-407 cells were between $4.21{\pm}1.27{\times}10^4$ CFU/well and $1.053{\pm}0.451{\times}10^6$ CFU/well from the isolates of cj-55 and cj-52, respectively, and that can be expressed as 0.1033% to 5.2655% to the infecting inoculum. The invasion (intracellular bacteria) abilities of the 20 isolates to INT-407 were between $1.00{\pm}1.73{\times}10^3$ CFU/well and $8.47{\pm}5.16{\times}10^4$ CFU/well from the isolates of cj-13 and cj-47, respectively, and that can be expressed as 0.0050% to 0.4235% to the infecting inoculums. The average CFU/well of 20 campylobacters isolated from ducks for adherence to and invasion were $2.646{\pm}2.886{\times}10^5$ and $3.03{\pm}2.7{\times}10^4$ respectively, and that was $1.3230{\pm}1.2139%$ and $0.1516{\pm}0.1343%$ of the starting viable inoculum. There was considerable correlation ($R^2$=0.627) between the adherence and invasion ability of C. jejuni isolates for INT-407 cell.

• 접착 및 계면
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2011

각종 산이나 알칼리에 부식되지 않고 내열성 및 방수, 방부, 방충 등에도 뛰어난 성질을 지니고 있는 천연수지인 옻을 토기 복원을 위한 접착제로 활용하기 위해 특성연구를 진행하였다. 옻의 경화조건인 고습(RH 75~85%) 또는 고온($120{\sim}170^{\circ}C$)이 아닌 일반적인 환경에서 접착제로 활용하기 위해 생칠에 어교 및 아교를 일정 비율로 첨가하였으며, 혼합 비율별 점도와 건조시간을 측정하고 인장강도 및 접착력 측정을 통해 적용가능성을 검토하였다. 실험 결과 생칠에 교(膠)를 첨가함으로써 상온, RH $50{\pm}5%$의 환경에서 건조가 가능하였고 어교보다 아교를 첨가한 시료에서 건조시간이 더 빠른 것으로 나타났다. 또한 교를 첨가함으로써 생칠보다 접착력이 더 증가하였다. 향후 토기 유물의 적용성 및 내후성에 대한 검증이 이루어진다면 친환경적인 전통접착제를 활용한 유물의 접합복원이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.