• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.51-63
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• 1996

This study is about the problems found in the process of the current governments planning rural settlement area development. As a measure to solve them, It proposed the analysis method of village characteristic in terms of standard score and tried to use this method as a basic material in planning more effective rural settlement area development. On the basis of the above analysis, which is an objective basic material to solve the problems revealed in the process of the bottom-up development planning by the residents' demands, It shows the following conclusion about what method should be applied to each part according to a village's characteristics and its development level. 1. Accessibility can be a basic material for setting the local area, analyzing its settlement system, and them such development facilities as village-linking roads, rural road, or various kinds of bridges and determining the investment priority. 2. With the index of the industrial basis, we can see what village has plenty of social, economical resources including advanced industrial facilities and looking into the advance level of the industrial basis, we can get some information about determining the local area development direction such as estashing the plan to build a farm product gathering center, a collective work place, storage facilities, and special housing development. 3. Since the issue about living environment is raising it's head, compared to weakened agricultural competitive power, with the analysis of this living environment, we can get an objective basic material for solving problems caused by the local egoism and the effective investment strategy of the limited resources. Therefore, It is necessary that we should abstain from expert-centered planning and formal public opinion-collecting and on the basis of this analytic result, we should plan development. We need to continue our research about index selecting and differentiation, weight etc. and using these analysis methods, we should make up a systematic development plan by analyzing village characteristics and setting the development direction.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.31-38
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• 2021

Recently, devices that help the general public's urination activity have been developed, but products that take into account the user's urination habits, device functions, and user accessibility are still insufficient. This study conducted a usability evaluation to find user satisfaction and improvement points of products based on smart automatic urine disposer that have convergence and complex functions such as automatic suction functions. There are 21 indicators used in usability evaluation, and were developed based on safety, operability, and satisfaction. As a result, functional satisfaction was high, but in terms of design, problems to be improved such as handles were presented. Therefore, through this study, it was found that the satisfaction of the automatic urine disposer in terms of performance cannot be representative of the product, and the importance of developing usability evaluation index to find product problems.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.66 no.4
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• pp.41-50
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• 2024

Precipitation is an important component of the hydrological cycle and a key input parameter for many applications in hydrology, climatology, meteorology, and weather forecasting research. Grid-based satellite rainfall products with wide spatial coverage and easy accessibility are well recognized as a supplement to ground-based observations for various hydrological applications. The error properties of satellite rainfall products vary as a function of rainfall intensity, climate region, altitude, and land surface conditions. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the commonly used new global grid-based satellite rainfall product, Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS), using data collected at different spatial and temporal scales. Additionally, in this study, grid-based CHIRPS satellite precipitation data were used to evaluate the 2022 extreme drought. CHIRPS provides high-resolution precipitation data at 5 km and offers reliable global data through the correction of ground-based observations. A frequency analysis was performed to determine the precipitation deficit in 2022. As a result of comparing droughts in 2015, 2017, and 2022, it was found that May 2022 had a drought frequency of more than 500 years. The 1-month SPI in May 2022 indicated a severe drought with an average value of -1.8, while the 3-month SPI showed a moderate drought with an average value of 0.6. The extreme drought experienced in South Korea in 2022 was evident in the 1-month SPI. Both CHIRPS precipitation data and observations from weather stations depicted similar trends. Based on these results, it is concluded that CHIRPS can be used as fundamental data for drought evaluation and monitoring in unmeasured areas of precipitation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.29-36
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• 2009

The recently research shows that the many tourists of Suanbo hot spring waters haven't satisfied the service. These reasons due to that they did not properly consider the satisfaction of tourists' services and index. However, satisfaction level of hot spring waters tourists is interacted complicatedly with various factors, the interactions are not easily identified. A structural equations model is adopted to capture the complex relationships among variables. In the model estimation, we used 140 survey data of Suanbo hot spring waters tourists. The SEM with several factors mentioned above as exogenous variables shows that they have complex and strong relationships. As results of a SEM, it was shown that variables influencing in pleasance are surrounding scenery, clean condition inside hot springs and congestion for use in satisfaction level most. Secondly, in case of kindness, attitudes of employees influence in satisfaction level most, followed by attitudes of residents and kindness of employees. Thirdly, in case of information, it was shown guidance on internal roads influencing in satisfaction level most, followed by guidance on owner drivers, guidance on surrounding tourist attractions and guidance on public transportation. Finally, a variable influencing in accessibility most is satisfaction level of public transportation.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.53-62
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• 1986

An Idea of Standard Rural Area(SRA), the rural areas which have higher ruralities of the rice cropping region and also higher urban characteristics, was conceptualized to develop the tentative basic indices necessary for rural settlement design in reclaimed land. The SRA's were determined by a technique of the principal component analysis with relevant data from 81 counties or cities located in the west side of Korea(Chon-Nam,Chon-Buk, Chung-Nam, Kyung-Ki Do).By the definition of the SRA, the principal component analysis is seperately carried out by two subworks, analyses of rurality and urban characteristics. From the analysis, rurality of the SRA is characterized by four components which appears to describe the scale of farm management, intensive farming, soundness of farming and farming basis on rice cropping, while urban characteristics of the SRA by three components to describe the accessibility, keeping ratio of infrastructures and level of medical services. Through grouping and synthesizing two characteristics of all counties by each component score, 24 counties were classified as urban-rural harmonized region which is the same result as that obtained from the extraction index being more than 50% of available area to total area except 1 county. Therefore, SRA is defined as the group of counties having more than 50% of available area to total area.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.37-43
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• 2010

This study carried out to develop barrier-free certification program in forest trail. It is done to provide the certification system presented about certification organized, certification standard and indexes, evaluation method and operation plan. In order to develop certification program in forest trail, detailed measurement index must be developed earlier based on an accessbility, a stability, a preservation and a walking continuity. The suitable forest trail for weak pedestrian was investigated that running slope should be 1/20(5%) maximum, cross slope cannot exceed 1/50(2%) maximum and clear tread width should be above of minimum 90cm. In addition, the trail type is designed as a mixed trail system which is a combination of the loop and the line form and its distance should be 225~675m. Finally, forest trail should be manage sustainably by having regular monitoring and evaluation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.562-567
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• 2003

최근 고해상도 위성영상정보의 민간 사용이 활발해지면서 기존에 널리 알려진 위성영상정보 응용분야 뿐만 아니라 새로운 응용 분야에 대한 적용 가능성이 국제적으로 여러 가지 방향으로 모색되고 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 추세를 반영하여 교통 또는 도시교통 환경분야에서의 위성영상정보의 활용 가능성 및 기존 방법론과의 연계를 분석하고, 시험적으로 프로토타입 프로그램을 소개하고자 한다. 일반적으로 교통문제에서의 접근성 분석은 일종의 중력모델로 설명이 가능하며, 교통계획 수립시에 대안 도로 계획선정이나 대중교통 노선결정시에 많이 이용되고 있다. 접근성 분석에 대한 개념은 비교적 간단하여, 교통분석대상구역의 임의 지역에서 유인 요인과 거리를 변수로 하여 적용 목적에 부합되는 대상 지점까지의 정량적 지수정보를 얻도록 하여 몇 가지 결과로부터 출발지점에서 목적지점 또는 대상 지점까지의 손익비용산출에 대한 정보를 얻는 방식이다. 최근에 GIS를 통하여 구축된 교통 데이터베이스정보와 공간분석 기법을 통하여 수행하는 경우가 많으나 현재까지 위성영상정보가 이용된 경우는 거의 보고된 바가 없다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 정사위성 실제 교통시설물이나 교통 대상 객체의 육안 식별이 가능한 고 해상도 위성영상정보는 이러한 출발지-목적지 선정에 적용될 수 있다는 점에 착안하여 기존에 교통분야에서 개발된 몇 가지의 교통 접근성 산출 알고리듬에 위성영상정보가 연계되어 적용될 수 있는 가능성을 검토하였다.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.762-768
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• 2010

The Bimodal Tram being developed in Korea is a new transit system that provides both benefits of rail and bus systems in terms of accessibility and fixed time schedule. The Bimodal Tram is expected to take an important role of transit system in Korea under the national strategy of transportation system such as 'Low Carbon and Green Growth' for the next generation. This study does define the key indices considered for a decision of introducing the Bimodal Tram system and develop a finalized index, BSI(Bimodal Score for Introduction), showing the level of Bimodal Tram system introduced at a city level. The transport/transit system varies depending on cities with respect to demographic characteristics, travel patterns, financial capabilities, etc. This study will help any cities where transport agencies are trying to introduce the Bimodal Tram as a new transit system.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.4519-4528
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• 2013

Breast cancer incidence and mortality rates are increasing in the Arab world and the involved women are often diagnosed at advanced stages of breast cancer. This literature review explores factors influencing Arab women's breast cancer screening behavior. Searched databases were: Medline, PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL Plus, Google Scholar, Index Medicus for WHO Eastern Mediterranean, and Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention. Breast cancer screening participation rates are low. Screening programs are opportunistic and relatively new to the region. Knowledge amongst women and health care providers, professional recommendation, socio-demographic factors, cultural traditions, beliefs, religious, social support, accessibility and perceived effectiveness of screening influence screening behavior.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.1102-1113
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• 2018

Vibrotactile feedback is widely used in designing non-visual interactions on mobile phones, such as message notification, non-visual reading, and blind use. In this work, novel vibrotactile codes are presented to implement a non-visual text reading system for mobile phones. The 26 letters of the English alphabet are formed in an index table with four rows and seven columns, and each letter is mapped using the codes of vibrations. Two kinds of vibrotactile codes are designed with the actuator's on and off states and with specific lengths (short and long) assigned to each state. To improve the efficiency of tactile perception and user satisfaction, three user experiments are conducted. The first experiment explores the maximum number of continuous vibrations and minimum vibration time of the actuator's on and off states that the human can perceive. The second experiment determines the minimum interval between continuous vibrations. The vibrotactile reading system is designed and evaluated in the third experiment according to the results of the two preceding experiments. Results show that the character reading accuracy reaches 91.7% and the character reading speed is approximately 617.8 ms. Our method has better reading efficiency and is easier to learn than the traditional Braille coding method.