• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.90-97
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• 2016

해외 시장에서 한국 건설기업들의 지속적인 성장에 힘입어 중소 중견기업 역시 눈에 띄게 성장 하였다. 중소 중견기업의 진출 형태 또한 기존 단일 하도급 위주의 프로젝트 수행에서 다수 원도급 위주의 프로젝트 수행으로 고도화 되고 있다. 하지만 수익률 측면에서 여전히 적자 현상에서 벗어나지 못하고 있다(대기업 5건 중 1건 적자, 중소기업 3건 중 1건 적자 공사). 이에 본 연구에서는 고도화된 진출형태에 따른 중소 중견기업의 다수프로젝트 관리방안을 도출하고자 한다. 1965년부터 시행된 8,000여 건의 해외건설 준공데이터 정보를 기반으로 프로젝트 통합리스크를 측정한다. 또한 통합리스크와 수익률간의 상관관계를 기반으로 기업별 최대로 허용할 수 있는 허용리스크 도출 알고리즘을 개발하였다. 3개 기업을 선정하여 이들 기업의 재무제표 분석을 수행하였으며 기업의 허용리스크 구간이 기업의 성과와 상관성이 있다는 것을 도출하였다. 허용리스크 측정을 통해 중소 중견 기업관점에서 다수프로젝트 관리를 위한 중요한 참고자료를 제시할 수 있을 것이라 기대한다.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.167-179
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• 2008

System risk is the totality of all safety risks to customers, employees, suppliers, and other third parties that arise due to system operations. To assess the risk of major hazards with the potential to cause fatality to the customers and other members of the public, quantitative risk assessment methodologies are used. This paper presents the general principles of risk based management approach to improve the safety of high risk systems such as aviation, railway, and nuclear power plants. For the suitable risk control arrangement, case studies of acceptable risk level, risk rating matrix, and safety management philosophy are presented.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.54-59
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• 2010

A two-plan sampling system is proposed for a failure-censored life testing when the lifetime follows a Weibull distribution with known shape parameter. The proposed sampling system is based on a switching rule, for switching between the tightened and the normal inspection levels when lots are submitted for inspection in the order of production or in some other systematic way. The design parameters of the proposed sampling system are determined by the two-point approach considering the producer's risks and the consumer's at the specified acceptable reliability level and the lot tolerance reliability level, respectively. It has been observed that the proposed system requires only a single failure for the observation.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.141-148
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• 2016

There exists required safety integrity level (SIL) to assure safety in accordance with international standards for every electrical / electronics / control equipment or systems with safety related functions. The SIL is allocated from lowest level (level 0) to highest level (level 4). In order to guarantee certain safety level that is internationally acceptable, application of methodology for SIL allocation and demonstration based on related international standards is required. Especially, in case of the SIL allocation method without determining of quantitative tolerable risk, the additional review is needed to check whether it is suitable or not is required. In this study, the quantitative risk reduction model based on the safety integrity allocation results of railway platform screen door system using Risk Graph method has been examined in order to review the suitability of quantitative risk reduction according to allocated safety integrity level.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.345-352
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• 2015

Background: Goal-oriented communication of risk of hazards is necessary in order to reduce risk of workers' exposure to chemicals. Adequate training of workers and enterprise priority setting are essential elements. Cleaning enterprises have many challenges and the existing paradigms influence the risk levels of these enterprises. Methods: Information on organization and enterprises' prioritization in training programs was gathered from cleaning enterprises. A measure of enterprises' conceptual level of importance of chemical health hazards and a model for working out the risk index (RI) indicating enterprises' conceptual risk level was established and used to categorize the enterprises. Results: In 72.3% of cases, training takes place concurrently with task performances and in 67.4% experienced workers conduct the trainings. There is disparity between employers' opinion on competence level of the workers and reality. Lower conceptual level of importance was observed for cleaning enterprises of different sizes compared with regional safety delegates and occupational hygienists. Risk index values show no difference in risk level between small and large enterprises. Conclusion: Training of cleaning workers lacks the prerequisite for suitability and effectiveness to counter risks of chemical health hazards. There is dereliction of duty by management in the sector resulting in a lack of competence among the cleaning workers. Instituting acceptable easily attainable safety competence level for cleaners will conduce to risk reduction, and enforcement of attainment of the competence level would be a positive step.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.16-23
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• 2020

The use of construction machinery has been increasing every year due to the large scale, high-rise and lack of workers in construction work. On the other hand, deaths are on the rise every year due to inadequate risk management for construction machinery work. In addition, the number of deaths caused by the lack of signals or insufficient signals during construction machinery work is increasing rapidly, and it is deemed necessary to analyze the actual conditions and take countermeasures. Therefore this study has developed the Strength Risk Index (SRI) based on the Frequency Risk Index (FRI) and the 5W1H by analyzing in-depth deaths caused by construction machinery over the past five years. The risk index (RI) was assessed using the frequency and strength risk index derived to determine whether it is acceptable (acceptable risk < 0.25 ≦ unacceptable risk) and the risk assessment method for reducing risk was proposed by applying 3E (Engineering, Education, Enforcement) measures for each level of risk for unacceptable risk. It also proposed measures to improve the system, such as requirements for signal numbers, mandatory placement standards, and mandatory installation of side and rear monitoring cameras, as measures for accidents caused by failure to deploy signals or insufficient signals, which account for the highest proportion of deaths among construction machinery operators and workers.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2015

Safety of reclaimed wastewater irrigation needs to be evaluated to promote public health. Quantitative microbial and toxic risk assessment was conducted to identify the level of risk for farmland workers who use reclaimed wastewater and groundwater in Jeju island. Microbial risk through inhalation and ingestion exposure was below acceptable level (less than $10^{-3}$) of $7.07{\times}10^{-6}$ for reclaimed wastewater and $9.99{\times}10^{-8}$ for groundwater irrigation worker. Aggregate exposure risk of Ni, As and Cu was most contributable to overall risk in both reclaimed wastewater and groundwater irrigation plot. High cumulative exposure risk was estimated through non-dietary soil ingestion and dermal contact of soil, due to the high concentration of As, Cu and Ni in farmland soil. Overall toxic risk was $2.68{\times}10^{-4}$ for reclaimed water and $2.39{\times}10^{-4}$ for groundwater irrigation, which could not meet acceptable toxic risk level of $10^{-6}$. Further efforts, such as provide personal protective equipments or public health education, need to be implicated to reduce adverse health risk.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2012

'Navigable airspace' means an airspace at and above the minimum safe flight level, including airspace or flight procedures needed for safe takeoff and landing. Airspace may be established as needed and may be abolished, and in some cases may be limited to airspace management. These are absolutely based on risk assessment. Safety is the state in which the risk of harm to persons or of property damage is reduced to, and maintained at or below, an acceptable level through a continuing process of hazard identification and risk management. 'Risk' is the assessed potential for adverse consequences resulting from a hazard and 'Risk assessment' involves consideration of both the frequency and the severity of any adverse consequence. This paper proposed 'risk assessment procedure' for the structural changes of Navigable Airspaces through literature reviews relevant to manuals on airspace management and risk management.

• Psychiatry investigation
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.1037-1045
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• 2018

Objective The present study aimed to identify risk factors for future SI and to predict individual-level risk for future or persistent SI among college students. Methods Mental health check-up data collected over 3 years were retrospectively analyzed. Students were categorized as suicidal ideators and non-ideators at baseline. Logistic regression analyses were performed separately for each group, and the predicted probability for each student was calculated. Results Students likely to exhibit future SI had higher levels of mental health problems, including depression and anxiety, and significant risk factors for future SI included depression, current SI, social phobia, alcohol problems, being female, low self-esteem, and number of close relationships and concerns. Logistic regression models that included current suicide ideators revealed acceptable area under the curve (AUC) values (0.7-0.8) in both the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and precision recall (PR) curves for predicting future SI. Predictive models with current suicide non-ideators revealed an acceptable level of AUCs only for ROC curves. Conclusion Several factors such as low self-esteem and a focus on short-term rather than long-term outcomes may enhance the prediction of future SI. Because a certain range of SI clearly necessitates clinical attention, further studies differentiating significant from other types of SI are necessary.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2020

국내에서는 수소충전소 보급 및 상용화를 추진 중에 있으나 수소충전소에 대한 위험도 판정이 명확하지 않다. 특히 수소충전소에 대한 위험도 산출 방법 및 허용가능 기준이 명확하지 않은 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 설치 중인 수소충전소 3개소를 선정하여 일반적인 위험도 산출 방법을 활용하여 각각의 수소충전소의 사회적 위험도를 계산해보았다. 일반적인 위험도 산출의 방법으로 개인적/사회적 위험도를 통한 사고빈도를 고려한 개인의 사망활률 및 인근주민의 수에 따른 사망 가능성을 통해 수소충전소의 위험도 수준을 산출할 수 있다. 그러나 이러한 위험도의 경우에도 허용가능 여부를 판단할 기준이 불분명한 실정이다. 이에 국외의 위험도 허용가능 기준을 조사하고 국내의 선정된 수소충전소의 위험도를 적용하여 허용가능 수준임을 고찰해 보았다.