• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.28-34
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• 2019

본 연구는 공간의 형태와 출입문의 개폐방향, 유도등 픽토그램의 형상에 따라 재실자(피실험자)들의 경로선택에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 살펴보기 위한 것으로 컴퓨터 가상현실을 활용한 시뮬레이션 실험을 통해 수행하였다. T형 복도와 +형 복도를 대상으로 하여 시나리오별로 피난구유도등, 복도통로유도등을 배치하고 이를 컴퓨터 그래픽화하여 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 피난구유도등 픽토그램의 2가지 방향(좌, 우)에 대한 인간 행동의 반응(응답)과 출입구의 열리는 방향에 따른 영향 등을 분석하였다. 또한 통로유도등의 존재 유무에 따른 의사결정의 변화 등을 확인하였다. 실험결과, 방향선택 응답률을 살펴보면 첫째, T자형 복도에서 출입문에 유도등이 없을 경우, 출입문이 열리는 방향에 의해 영향을 받음을 알 수 있었다. 둘째, 출입문 상단에 유도등이 있을 경우에는 유도등 픽토그램의 방향과 일치하는 방향의 응답률이 높게 나타나 유도등의 픽토그램의 방향이 재실자의 피난경로선택에 영향을 미침을 확인하였다.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2006년도 제32회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.96-104
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• 2006

In the present paper, the effects of combustion instability on flow structure and flame dynamic with the configurations of burner exit in a model gas turbine combustor are investigated using large eddy simulation(LES). A G-equation flamelet model is employed to simulate the unsteady flame behavior. As a result of mean flow field, the change of divergent half angle(${\alpha}$) at burner exit results in variations in the size and shape of the central toroidal recirculation(CTRZ) as well as flame length by changing corner recirculation zone(CRZ). The case of ${\alpha}=45^{\circ}$ show smaller size and upstream location of CTRZ than that of $90^{\circ}$ and $30^{\circ}$ by the development of higher swirl velocity. The flame length in the case of ${\alpha}=45^{\circ}$ is the most shortest, while that in the case of ${\alpha}=30^{\circ}$ is the longest by the decrease of effective reactive area with the absence of CRZ. Through the analysis of pressure fluctuation, it is identified that the case of ${\alpha}=45^{\circ}$ shows the most largest damping effect of pressure oscillation in all configurations and brings in the noise reduction of 2.97dB, comparing with that of ${\alpha}=30^{\circ}$ having the largest pressure oscillation. These reasons are discussed in detail through the analysis of unsteady phenomena about recirculation zone and flame surface. Finally the effects of flame-acoustic interaction are evaluated using local Rayleigh parameter.

• 미술이론과 현장
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• 제8호
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• pp.123-144
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• 2009

The history of art during the first half of the last decade was founded the discussion with highly impressive and confident. The art might establish its unique area based on self recognition at that era. The self-confidence of modern art may be possible on enlightenment, which is the firm relationship for knowledge and reality. However the faith of modernism which shows rational tendency, objective, and the existence of universal knowledge has been drastically doubted and criticized thereafter. A internal ideological system which had leaded the modern art was exhausted. Postmodernism revolved to the dramatic openness leaning against the deoedipalizational confession. According to the dissipation of the vitality of modern art postmodern art has been evolved and then various phenomena which follow the trends has been emerged. The avant-garde and resisteive attribute of modern art was diluted fast due to the influx of popular culture. As time goes it can be attracted by spectacle taste than metaphysical peculiarity. It has to inevitably justified the drift of light and quick themes, contents, and images. Such as these phenomena realistically shows fact that postmodern art had been failed to open a new chapter of consilience which intermediates beauty and usual communication to overcome the solipsism of modernism. A trial to pursuit the opened esthetics conceived more 'heroic' 'Star-Subject' than before by dismantling the modern 'Hero-Subject'. Postmodernism has been recorded as a regression of art, which is the technology of profound spirit that mitigates antagonism and confrontation and mediates mutual encountering of human being. Prevailing of postmodern freedom had been accompanied by popularity, osetentation consumption, marketing, gambling level exitement, mixtures of desires with price fluctuations. We witness 'self-confinement' and 'lasting absence of exit' phenomena in postmodernism ideology and practice. We have to deal postmodernism as an 'ideology which closes the discussion for the future' in the context of 'absence of way' at this point. We are going to investigate how postmodern ideology and practice takes part in the prospection beyond thereafter through discussion. We also pay attention to the 'absence of prospection' as a internal problem in itself nevertheless mention the three merge points such as tradition or memory, earthy thought, the self who confrontation others as the clue of prospecting thought which is allowing coming over postmodern absence.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2015

This research tried identifying the current status of Gyongrodangs to find solutions to the problems of the oldest old through revitalization of the existing senior centers. With 31 national and public Gyungrodangs in Seocho-gu, Seoul as research subjects, the research contents include a survey of the facilities including main exit doors, living rooms and lounges, kitchens, and rest rooms in the Gyungrodangs by the checklist, and as the research tool a laser finder, measuring tapes, and cameras were used. The checklist was used as the research method to investigate main exit doors, living rooms and lounges, kitchens, and rest rooms. Based on the research results, the following conclusions are presented. The safety-related items of the public Gyungrodang facilities were reaching a critical level. They need to equip emergency exit routes, install exit lights and alarm bells, and teach how to use them. After that, the issue of rest room would be raised; the oldest old had difficulty in using the rest room with no consideration of universal design(UD), so installation of grab bars is needed around toilets, washstands, and urinals. Besides them, although absence of the western style furniture without consideration of users' ages caused inconvenience of using, there are no solutions due to the limited space. Unnecessary equipment such as treadmills which only occupy spaces without users should be thrown away and replaced with the furniture people would use like tables with supplement of furnitures to lie down and rest. Overall, the current Gyongrodang Facilities lack systems and need standardized management, in which the checklist this researcher developed and used in evaluating the present conditions could be recommended. It is expected that the evaluation system of senior centers would be arranged through this checklist, so that systematic service supply could be possible in the better facility environment.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.219-230
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• 2023

도시의 토지이용은 지속적으로 고도화, 광역화 추세로 도로와 접한 주변 토지들은 다양한 용도의 시설물 건설과 함께 진출입부 접속도 증가하고 있다. 그러나 구체적인 진출입부 설치 기준이 없는 상황에서 부적절한 접속위치와 접속형태, 그리고 운영방식은 기존 가로 및 교차로의 교통 서비스수준을 악화시키고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 도시부 보조간선도로와 집산도로에 접속되는 진출입부의 교통상의 영향 최소화를 위해 첫째, 진출입부와 접한 도로·교통 환경을 고려하여 상·하류부 교차로의 대기행렬 길이와 진출입부에서 교차로간 차로변경에 필요한 소요길이를 재정립하여 기존 상·하류 교차로 사이에서 물리적으로 접속 가능한 진출입부 접속위치 및 접속형태 결정 기준을 제시하였다. 둘째, 진출입부 접속형태(신호교차로, 단순접속교차로)에 따른 좌회전차로와 가·감속차로의 교통시설 설치 비용과 진출입부 설치 전·후의 교통 비용의 차이인 부(-)의 사회적 비용을 통해 사업지 임계유발량을 산정한 후 주변 교차로 서비스수준과의 관계로부터 진출입부 운영방식을 정량적으로 결정할 수 있음을 제시하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.251-259
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• 1997

This paper describes experimental investigations of helium-air exchange flows through partitioned opening and too-opening. Such exchange flows may occur following rupture accident of stand pipe in high temperature engineering test reactor. A test vessel with the too types of small opening on top of test cylinder is used for experiments. An estimation method of mass increment is developed to measure the exchange now rate. Upward flow of the helium and downward flow of the air in partitioned opening system interact out of entrance and exit of the opening. Therefore, an experiment with too-opening system is made to investigate effect of the fluids interaction of partitioned opening system. As a result of comparison of the exchange flow rates between too types of the opening system, it is demonstrated that the exchange flow rate of the two-opening system is larger than that of the partitioned opening system because of absence of the effect of fluids interaction.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.109-118
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• 2013

The absence of a simple and general analytical model has been a problem in the design and analysis of desiccant-assisted air-conditioning systems. In this study, such an analytical model has been developed based on the approximate integral solution of the coupled transient ordinary differential equations for the heat and mass transfer processes in a desiccant wheel. It turned out that the initial conditions should be determined by the solution of four linear algebraic equations including the heat and mass transfer equations for the air flow as well as the energy and mass conservation equations for the desiccant bed. It is also shown that time-averaged exit air temperature and humidity relations could be given in terms of the heat and mass transfer effectiveness.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.56-67
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• 2018

일반적으로 화재 및 대피에 대한 안전성을 진단하기 위해 화재 시뮬레이터와 대피 시뮬레이터를 독립적으로 활용하고 있다. 이 방식은 화재 확산을 고려한 보행자의 움직임이 반영되어 있지 않기 때문에 높은 정확도의 안전성 진단을 기대하기 어렵다. 이에 본 연구에서는 화재 확산을 고려한 보행자의 움직임을 묘사할 수 있는 화재 대피 시뮬레이션 기법을 제안한다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 시뮬레이션 기법은 FDS(Fire Dynamics Simulator)의 화재 확산 데이터를 보행모델 FFM(Floor Field Model)에 반영하여, 보행자가 화재를 인지하고 이를 바탕으로 우회하여 안전한 경로로 대피하는 상황을 묘사한다. 연구 범위는 FDS와 FFM 간의 데이터 연동 및 화재 확산을 고려한 FFM 개발로 구성되며, 제안한 방법론의 실험은 대피 시뮬레이터 EgresSIM을 이용하여 진행하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과에서는 화재의 유무에 따른 출구별 대피인원 변화가 나타났으며, 이에 따른 출구별 대피시간 증감과 병목현상의 심화를 확인할 수 있었다.

• 시스템엔지니어링학술지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.7-23
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• 2016

Plant engineering industry is considered as a key industry which will drive the future of Korea. However, Korean plant engineering companies have recently made huge losses in overseas businesses and the lack of engineering capability is pointed out as a main cause of this situation. Unlike Korean plant engineering companies, world leading engineering companies such as Flour and Bechtel have their own systems Engineering Standards/Guides ensuring successful fulfillments of the concept and basic design processes. An engineering standard for an organization is an essential means to shorten the time for engineering design, to maintain the engineering quality and to secure the engineering efficiency in the development of the complex system. Korean plant engineering companies'lack of engineering capability comes from the absence of the engineering standard. In the paper, we have developed a steel-making plant engineering standard based on a systems engineering standard. We chose both ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 and NASA SE Handbook as main reference standards. First, we have introduced a life-cycle definition and a physical hierarchy of a general steel-making plant. Then we have introduced detailed engineering processes of each life-cycle stage. The full scope of the study was from the feasibility study to the basic design but in the paper, we have only introduced detailed engineering processes and exit criteria for the feasibility study and the concept design.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.372-380
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• 1997

This paper describes experimental investigations of helium-air exchange flows through parti¬tioned opening and two-opening. Such exchange flows may occur following rupture accident of stand pipe in high temperature gas cooled reactor. A test vessel with the two types of small open¬ing on top of test cylinder is used for experiments. An estimation method of mass increment is developed and applied to measure the exchange flow rate. A technique of flow visualization by Mach-Zehnder interferometer is provided to recognize the exchange flows. In the case of exchange flow through the partitioned opening, flow passages of upward flow of the helium and downward flow of the air within the opening are separated by vertical partition, and the two flows interact out of entrance and exit of the opening. Therefore, an experiment of the exchange flow through two-opening is made to investigate effect of the fluids interaction of the partitioned opening sys¬tem. As a result of comparison of the exchange flow rates between the two types of the opening system, it is found that the exchange flow rate of the two-opening system is larger than that of the partitioned opening system due to absence of the effect of fluids interaction. Finally, the fluids interaction between the upward and downward flows through the partitioned opening is found to be an important factor on the helium-air exchange flow.