• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.341-349
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• 2014

Field emergence of Azuki bean is poor due to hard seed coat as compared to other legumes. In this study, an attempt was made to develop prediction method with regression analysis based on various seed vigor tests in laboratory for field emergence of azuki bean. Azuki bean seeds artificially aged to provide various levels of seed quality were evaluated by the standard germination test (SGT), cold germination test (CT), cool germination test (CGT), complex stressing vigor test (CSVT), tetrazolium(TZ) vigor test and electroconductivity test. The SGT was suitable for predicting the field emergence in the unaged high vigor seeds. The abnormal seedling percentage and shoot length in the CGT were highly correlated with field emergence of moderate vigor seeds artificially aged for 2 days. Electroconductivity, seed viability in the CSVT, and vigor and predicted germinability in the tetrazolium vigor test were also useful for predicting field emergence. Percent of ungerminated seed in the CSVT was correlated with field emergence in the low vigor seeds artificially aged for 4 days. In a stepwise multiple regression analysis, seed viability in the SGT, normal seedling percentage and dry matter weight in the CGT accounted for 86.9% of the predicted value of field emergence in azuki bean.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.40-47
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• 1996

Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of plant growth regulators on in vitro flowering and micropropagation of Gentiana scabra Bunge which had been used the cut flower, pot flower ornamental and medicinal plants. Flower bud formation was affected by GA$_{3}$ and kinetin. The optimum concentrations for flower bud formation was observed at 0.5 mg/l kinetin and GA$_{3}$ , while kinetin was favorable. More flowerings result from the interaction of GA$_{3}$ and kinetin at in a combination of 0.1 mg/l kinetin + o.1 mg/l GA$_{3}$, but the optimum concentration of GA$_{3}$ and kinetin was decreased. All concentrations of kinetin with 0.1 mg/l GA$_{3}$ or O mg/l GA$_{3}$ + 0.5 mg/l kientin reduced t (weeks needed for 50% plantlets). The plantlet growth was affected by GA$_{3}$ and kinetin during plantlet culture. More lateral shots and better shoot length per plantlet were obtained as GA$_{3}$ and kinetin concentration were increased up to 1.0 mg/l. The number of per plantlet was greater increased in MS medium containing GA$_{3}$ than kinetin. Interaction was exhibited at lower concentration with 0.5mg/l GA$_{3}$ and kinetin, but not in higher concentration with 1.0 mg/l GA$_{3}$ and kinetin. Higher pod diameter increased seed germination, while lower pod diameter was obtained from abnormal plantlet. MA medium containing 0.5 mg/l GA$_{3}$ significantly increased germination without regard to pod diameter.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.126-132
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• 2010

A high sugar rice cultivar 'Danmi' which has been recently developed and released in the Functional Crop Resource Development Division, Department of Functional Crop, National Institute of Crop Science, has high glucose and sucrose contents but has a poor seed development. This defect poses some problem in ensuring stable seedling establishment in the nursery bed. We examined the germination and seedling emergence characteristics of 'Danmi' and determined an optimum seeding rate for seedling establishment. 'Danmi' seeds has a light 1,000-grain weight of 18.2g compared with Ilmibyeo's 26.7g. The 97.4% of 'Danmi' seeds has specific gravity below 1.0 while only 2.0% of seeds was fully developed with specific gravity above 1.12. However, the reverse is true in the Ilmibyeo seed used as a control cultivar. Although the seed germination of Danmi was 89-91% regardless of seed specific gravity but at a slower rate than Ilmibyeo regardless of water soaking temperatures of $20-30^{\circ}C$ because of high seed amount of specific gravity below 1.0 in 'Danmi'. It took 2～4 days longer of seed soaking in the Danmi seeds than Ilmibyeo before germination. 'Danmi' has low normal seedling emergence rate than Ilmibyeo in the seedbed soil due to high percentage of abnormal seedlings like stunting and incomplete growth. Normal seedling emergence rate of 'Danmi' in the seedbed was 62.6～64.9% for 10-day old seedling and 83.5～86.7% for 30-day old seedling which is lower by 29.6～30.0% and 11.3～12%, respectively than Ilmibyeo. Although 'Danmi' has low normal seedling emergence rate, but it has greater seed number per weight basis. Therefore, based on the normal seedling number per unit area of Ilmibyeo(control cultivar) for seedling rate of 10-day and 30-day old seedlings, the recommended seeding rate of 'Danmi' for transplanting rice is 220g seeds for 10-day old seedling and 130g for 30-day old seedling per nursery box, which is equivalent to 1.5 times seed volumes of Ilmibyeo.