• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.285-289
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• 2005

In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we assessed the efficacy and safety of beef tallow extract (BTE) including Cis-9-cetylmyristoleate in patients with arthritis. Between May and December 2003, we selected 80 patients (n=80) who showed/manifested arthritic symptoms and whose radiological findings were suggestive of arthritis, and randomly assigned them to placebo-controlled (n=40) and treatment group (n=40). The placebo (corn starch 350 mg) and BTE (208 mg) were orally administered to placebo-controlled and treatment group three times a day, respectively. We assessed the efficacy and safety based on the visual analogue scale (V AS) and modified knee society knee scores (MKSKS) at baseline and endpoint, respectively. To assess the safety, we monitored the adverse effects noted in liver, kidney, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal system for 3 weeks. Then, we performed not only a questionnaire study but also laboratory tests (e.g., liver function test, kidney function test, urinalysis, electrocardiography [EKG], complete blood cell counts [CBC] and chest X-ray). For statistical analysis, Student (-test and paired (-test were done using SPSS■ Version 11.0. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. The scores between V AS and MKSKS showed statistical significance (p < 0.05) with an improvement of $69.2\%$ (27/39) and $3.8\%$ (21/39) of treatment-group patients, respectively. Abnormal laboratory findings were noted in neither placebo-controlled nor treatment group. In conclusion, our results indicate that the administration of BTE was a safe and effective treatment regimen for patients with arthritis. In addition, the efficacy of BTE was more remarkable in alleviating the symptoms rather than improving the function.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.911-916
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• 2003

The effects of Opuntia ficus-indica (OF) administration on the biochemical parameters of function in liver tissue and serum of $CCl_4$ treated rats were investigated. Opuntia ficus-indica (200 mg/kg) was administered into rats intraperitoneally for two weeks. $3.3m\ell$ of $CCl_4$$_4$ (50% $CCl_4$ : Olive oil = 1 : 1) was treated to rats on the 14th day and 15th day and they were operated on 15th day. We examined the antioxidative enzymatic activity by measuring the level of AST (Aspartate aminotransferase), ALT (Alanine aminotransferase), GSH (Glutathione reduced form), GSSG (Glutathione oxidezed form), GPx (GSH-peroxidase), SOD (Superoxide dismutase) and CAT (Catalase) in serum and liver tissue of rats. OFC administered group showed 24.8% of inhibitory effect in AST activity compared to $CCl_4$ -treated abnormal group (CTA). ALT level of OF administered group was decreased by 60.7% to the level of CTA. GSH, GSSG and GPx of OFC administered group were significantly higher than those of CTA group. SOD and CAT in OFC administered group were increased by 28.3% and by 16.9% respectively compared to those of CTA group.

• BMB Reports
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.1-2
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• 2017

Acquiring a selective growth advantage by breaking the proliferation barrier established by gatekeeper genes is a centrally important event in tumor formation. Removal of the mammalian Hippo kinase Mst1 and Mst2 in hepatocytes leads to rapid hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) formation, indicating that the Hippo signaling pathway is a critical gatekeeper that restrains abnormal growth in hepatocytes. By rigorous genetic approaches, we identified an interacting network of the Hippo, Wnt/${\beta}$-catenin and Notch signaling pathways that control organ size and HCC development. We found that in hepatocytes, the loss of Mst1/2 leads to the activation of Notch signaling, which forms a positive feedback loop with Yap/Taz (transcription factors controlled by Mst1/2). This positive feedback loop results in severe liver enlargement and rapid HCC formation. Blocking the Yap/Taz-Notch positive feedback loop by Notch inhibition in vivo significantly reduced the Yap/Taz activities, hepatocyte proliferation and tumor formation. Furthermore, we uncovered a surprising inhibitory role of Wnt/${\beta}$-catenin signaling to Yap/Taz activities, which are important in tumor initiation. Genetic removal of ${\beta}$-catenin in the liver of the Mst1/2 mutants significantly accelerates tumoriogenesis. Therefore, Wnt/${\beta}$-catenin signaling, known for its oncogenic property, exerts an unexpected function in restricting Yap/Taz and Notch activities in HCC initiation. The molecular interplay between the three signaling pathways identified in our study provides new insights in developing novel therapeutic strategies to treat liver tumors.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2023

본 연구의 목적은 당뇨 검사결과와 간기능검사와의 관계연구이다. 간성당뇨는 제2형 당뇨와는 다르게 간기능 이상으로 기인하는 것이다. 본 연구에서 간기능 검사의 주요 효소검사인 아스파르트산 아미노전이효소(aspartate aminotransferase, AST), 알라닌 아미노전이효소(alanine aminotransferase, ALT) 그리고 AST/ALT ratio (De Ritis ratio)와 당뇨관련 검사와의 관계를 주로 확인하였다. 연구 결과 AST와 글루코스(glucose) (r=0.14, P<0.01); ALT 및 글루코스(r=0.21, P<0.01); AST 및 당화혈색소(HbAlc) (r=0.15, P<0.01); ALT와 HbAlc (r=0.20, P<0.01), 모든 변수는 양의 상관관계를 나타났으며, De Ritis ratio는 글루코스 (r=-0.20, P<0.01)와 당화혈색소 (r=-0.14, P<0.01)와 음의 상관관계를 보였다. AST와 ALT 그리고 De Ritis ratio 를 독립변수로 하고 글루코스 (R²=0.05) 와 HbA1c (R²=0.04) 를 종속변수로 하여 회귀분석한 결과 독립변수는 종속변수에 통계적으로 유의하게 영향을 나타내는 것으로 나타났다. AST는 ALT 보다 혈당과 당화혈색소에서 상관관계가 낮게 나타났으며, ALT가 증가하는 것은 즉, De Ritis ratio 감소의 원인이 된다. 따라서, De Ritis ratio는 당뇨관련 검사와의 관계에서 의미가 있는 것으로 볼 수 있다.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.63-73
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• 2012

Development of antiviral resistance to lamivudine is the most important factor for the treatment failure. It is necessary to establish proper guidelines to overcome drug resistance for children with chronic hepatitis B. Primary treatment with lamivudine should be considered if patients are in immune-clearance phase and have persistently elevated ALT levels more than twice the upper limit of normal value. Before initiating the therapy, careful consideration of the patient's status is required to exclude abnormal liver function tests due to other causes. The treatment option should be carefully decided to suppress the viral replication effectively. To obtain good compliance, clinicians should educate patients and their parents. Appropriate monitoring for virologic breakthrough and genotypic resistance is important in deciding to change the treatment plan. Sequential monotherapy should be avoided and a combination of drugs in other categories is recommended. New antiviral agents, such as entecavir and tenofovir, which have high potency and high genetic barrier, are soon expected to be available for use with children.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.76-84
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• 2015

This is a clinical report of one patient with mental disorientation, abnormal behavior, spasm, and other symptoms caused by poisoning with Xanthii Fructus, who recovered completely with treatment. The patient was treated with Korean medical treatments, such as herbal medicine and acupuncture. After treatment, various symptoms caused by the Xanthii Fructus poisoning disappeared completely and laboratory findings, such as liver function tests (aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase), were also close to the normal ranges. This case shows that Korean medicine therapy can be applicable in treating various symptoms caused by Xanthii Fructus poisoning. It is considered that further research is needed to confirm the safe use of Xanthii Fructus.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.287-291
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• 2007

The factors and mechanisms by infection of Oriental Tsutsugamushi caused disease are not well understood. The onset of tsutsugamushi disease is characterized by chilliness, fever, malaise, headache and generalized aching. Infection of tsutsugamushi is the cause of impairment of function of a major organ often complicate the picture and immediately change the prognosis for the worse. Tsutsugamushi disease is reported that this disease is characterized by the histopathogenesis of liver, kidney, heart, and lung, but the variation of biochemical components in serum of tsutsugamushi disease patient are not clear. We analyzed total protein (TP), albumin (AL), aspartic aminotranferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphotase (ALP), urea nitrogen (UN), creatinine (CRE), glucose (GLD), cholesterol (CHOL) and total bilirubin (TB) in sera of patients with tsutsugamushi disease. In comparison with reference, total protein and albumin were abnormally decreased in 19.6% and 39.2% of patients, respectively. AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine, UN, glucose, cholesterol and total bilirubin were abnormally increased in 94.1 %, 72.5%, 25.5%, 15.7%, 9.8%, 62.7%, 25.5% and 6.0% of patients, respectively. The patients showed abnormal relative rate of protein electrophoretic fractions to total protein in serum compared to them of reference were 43.1% (albumin), 12.9% ($\alpha_1$-globulin), 58.8% ($\alpha_2$-globulin), 60.8% ($\beta$-globulin) and 70.6% ($\gamma$-globulin), respectively. These data suggest that infection of Oriental Tsutsugamushi causes impairment of function of a major organ and abnormal serum protein electrophoresis fractions to tsutsugamushi patients.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.50-59
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• 2017

최근 임상에서 활용하고 있는 일체형 PET-MRI의 간암 진단능력을 평가하기 위해 $2{\times}2$ 판정행렬을 이용하여 유용성을 평가하였다. 실험대상의 PET-MRI 검사 결과를 통해 간암 판정 여부 즉 비정상과 정상 판정을 받은 경우는 각각 98건, 51건 이었으며, 세포병리학적 결과가 양성과 음성 판정을 받은 경우는 각각 103건, 62건으로 나타났다. 이 중 두가지 검사에서 진양성의 경우는 95건, 위양성은 3건으로 나타났으며, 진음성은 62건, 위음성의 경우는 5건으로 분석되었다. 실험결과 PET-MRI 검사의 예민도는 95.00%, 특이도는 95.38%, 위음성률은 0.05%, 위양성률은 0.05%, 정확도는 95.15%로 분석되었다. 따라서 간암의 진단에 있어 수술 전 병기 결정이나 치료 후 재발 및 원격전이의 발견, 불분명한 원발 림프절 전이 등의 평가 등에 활용 가능성이 높을 것으로 판단되며, 특히 병리학적 검사와의 복합적 진단 및 추적검사를 통해 간암 진단을 위한 PET-MRI 임상적 유용성은 충분할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.255-261
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to compare hepatotoxicity of each treatment for dermatophytosis; one is the administration of the ketoconazole only and the other, ketoconazole with diphenyl-dimeththyl-dicarboxylate. Have chosen the range of 14-24 months of healthy dogs divided by two groups (group 1 and group 2) for the experiment of which test proved positive in dermatophytosis diagnosis and showed normal reaction in terms of physical examination, blood chemistry and especially of liver function. Group 1 was administrated ketoconazole orally at 10 mg/kg/day and of same dose of ketoconazole with diphenyl-dimethyl-dicarboxylate for group 2. After administering, we have tested two groups by blood collecting every one week in order to check the differences of hepatotoxicity state through AST, ALT and r-GTP, the barometers of liver function which lasted for 12 weeks. Moreover, tested Indocyanine Green (ICG), known as susceptible gauge of function of excretion before starting the experiment and tested ICG as well after 12 weeks. The experiment of result the value of group 1 in AST, ALT and r-GTP has been highly rised after administering ketoconazole for 10 weeks meanwhile, of group 2 has shown a steady state troughout the whole experiment. For ICG test, we injected 0.5 mg/kg of ICG into a vein for both groups and tested the retention rate at regular interval of 15, 30, 45 minutes. The results of retention rate in two groups were similar to before the drug administration. However, after 12 weeks the retention rate of group 1 has been delayed, on the other hand, retention rate of group 2 were a steady state. In conclusion, the administration of ketoconazole only for a long period of time induced hepatotoxicity where as, the administration of ketoconazole with diphenyl-dimethyl-dicarboxylate didn't induce hepatotoxicity. Therefore, when doctors prescribes for a dog with dermatophytosis should not administrate ketoconnazole itself but with diphenyl-dimethyl-dicarboxylate and one who has abnormal condition of liver function should not be prescribed ketoconazole treatment. If there is a case needed to prescribe ketoconazole treatment, the regular monitoring should be accompanied by at the same time.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.434-442
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 밀웜으로 잘 알려진 갈색거저리 유충(Tenebrio molitor larvae)분말을 Saccharomyces cerevisiae M1(KACC 93023)으로 발효하였다. 그 후 발효물을 orotic acid에 의해 비 알코올성 지방간이 유발된 흰쥐에 급여하여 개선 여부를 판단해보았다. Orotic acid로 인해 지질 대사에 이상이 생긴 대조군의 경우 장기 무게 및 체중이 증가한 것에 반해 발효 갈색거저리 유충 분말을 급여한 군에서는 정상군과 흡사한 중량을 나타냈다. 그리고 간 건강의 지표로 알려진 AST, ALT, ALP 및 LDH 활성 역시 가장 낮았으며, 각종 지질 관련 지표들도 긍정적으로 나타나 개선 효과가 있는 것으로 판단된다. 또한 간 조직 및 혈청 내 과산화지질, glutathione 함량 역시 정상군과 흡사하거나 더 뛰어난 수치를 띄었다. 마지막으로 H&E 염색, Oil red O 염색을 통한 간 조직의 형태학적 관찰 결과, 발효 갈색거저리를 급여한 군에서 정상군과 흡사한 간세포의 형태 및 배열과 함께 염색된 지방이 눈에 띄게 감소된 모습을 나타내었다. 위 결과를 종합해본다면, 일반 갈색거저리를 급여하였을 때 일부 실험에서 수치가 개선됨을 확인할 수 있었고, 이를 효모로 발효시켰을 경우 대부분의 지표에서 정상치에 가까울 만큼 더욱 긍정적인 개선효과를 나타내었다. 이를 통해 발효물이 비 알코올성 지방간의 개선에 도움을 주는 것으로 판단, 향후 다양한 제품의 소재로 활용될 가능성을 시사하였다.