• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.104-109
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• 2008

목적: 국내 위 점막하 종양의 임상병리학적 양상과 치료방법에 대해 파악하고자 전국조사를 실시하였다. 대상 및 방법: 국내 47개 병원에서 2005년부터 2006년까지 위 점막하 종양으로 수술 받은 환자 878명의 자료를 수집하여, 진단명, 증상, 위치, 수술법, 사망률, 종양의 크기, 악성도 등을 조사하였다. 결과: 위 점막하 종양의 수술 후 진단으로는 위장관 간질 종양(Gastrointestinal stromal tumor, GIST)이 586명(66.8%)으로 가장 많았고, 평활근종(Leiomyoma) 97명(11.1%), 신경초종(schwannoma) 70명(8.0%), 이소성 췌장(Ectopic pancreas) 68명(7.8%), 유암종(carcinoid) 16명(1.8%) 순이었다. 환자의 평균 나이는 56.0세, 남녀 비는 1:1.18이었으며, 50.9%의 환자가 증상 없이 발견되었다. 위 상부 1/3에 위치한 위 점막하 종양이 가장 흔했으며(n=449, 52.0%), GIST의 55.4% (n=319), 평활근종의 84.5% (n=82)가 위 상부 1/3에 위치하였다. 복강경적 접근이 전체 환자의 44.2% (n=388)에서 시행되었으며, 수술방법으로는 쐐기 절제술(n=726, 82.8%)이 가장 빈번히 시행되었다. 전체 환자 중 1명(0.1%)만이 수술 후 30일 이내에 사망하였다. GIST 환자 중 115명(21.1%, 115/544)이 고위험도의 악성도를 가졌고, 41명(8.3%, 45/495)에서 수술 후 imatinib mesylate 항암 치료를 하였다. 결론: 조사된 국내 점막하 종양의 약 2/3가 GIST였으며, 약 1/2에서 복강경하 절제술이 이루어졌다. 향후 이 보고가 위점막하 종양의 진료 및 연구의 참고자료로 활용되기를 기대한다.

• 한국수정란이식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수정란이식학회 2002년도 국제심포지엄
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• pp.109-109
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• 2002

In recent reports, the multiple reproductive defects such as cryptorchidism, hypospadias, epididymal cysts, low sperm counts, and testicular cancers are increased in humans, and these changes were doubted by the chemicals with estrogenic or antiandrogenic activities in our environment. To compare the effects of neonatal exposure of di (n-butyl) phthalate and flutamide on the development of reproductive organs and to identify the specific mechanisms of these abnormalities related to the male reproducton, Sprague-Dawley neonate male rats were injected subcutaneously during 5-14 days after birth with corn oil (control), flutamide (0.05, 0.1, and 0.5 mg/animal) and DBP (5, 10, and 20 mg/animal). Animals were killed at 31 (immature) and 42 (pubertal) days of age respectively and blood was collected from abdominal aorta for serum testosterone analysis. Testes, epididymides, seminal vesicles, ventral prostate, levator ani plus bulbocavernosus muscle (LABC), cowpers glands and glans penis were weighed. Expression of steroid hormone receptors (AR and ER) was examined in the testes and ventral prostate. At 31 days of age, ventral prostate, seminal vesicles, LABC, and cowpers glands significantly decreased in the flutamide (0.5 mg/animal) and DBP (20 mg/animal), but serum testosterone levels were not changed. Flutamide slightly delayed the testes descent at the high dose (0.5 mg/animal), but DBP did not show any significant effect on the testes descent at all doses. DBP and flutamide decreased the expression of AR protein in the testes but did not affect the expression of ERa and ER protein in the testes. At 42 days of age, ventral prostate, seminal vesicles, and cowpers glands weights were still significantly decreased at the high dose of flutamide (0.5 mg/animal) and DBP (20 mg/animal), but the weights of testes and epididymides were not different. Serum testosterone decreased significantly in DBP treated animals and slightly, not significantly, in flutamide group. While DBP still significantly decreased the expression of AR protein in testis, flutamide recovered from downregulation of AR protein and did not affect the expression of ERa and ER protein in the testes. Based on these results, flutamide and DBP have shown several similar patterns in reproductive abnormalitis, but some marked differences which may be caused by different acting mechanism.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.220-227
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• 2017

Purpose: Precise localization of tumors and creation of sufficient proximal resection margins are complicated processes during total laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (TLDG) for clinical T1/T2 gastric cancers. Various solutions to this problem have also yielded many disadvantages. In this study, we reviewed a preoperative endoscopic clipping method based on the results of negative biopsy and selective intraoperative radiography. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of 345 consecutive patients who underwent TLDG and preoperative endoscopic clipping for tumor localization was conducted. During preoperative endoscopy, the endoscopists performed negative biopsies just 1-2 cm selectively above the tumor's upper limit. After confirming the biopsy results, endoscopic metal clips were applied just proximal to the negative biopsy site the day before surgery. Selective intraoperative tumor localization using portable abdominal radiography was performed only when we could not ensure a precise resection line. Results: Negative biopsy was performed in 244 patients. Larger tumor size (P=0.008) and more distally located tumors (P=0.052) were observed more frequently in the negative biopsy group than in the non-negative biopsy group. The non-negative biopsy group had significantly higher frequencies of differentiated tumor types than the negative biopsy group (P=0.003). Of the 244 patients who underwent negative biopsies, 6 had cancer cells in their biopsy specimens. We performed intraoperative radiography in 12 patients whose tumors had difficult-to-determine proximal margins. No tumors were found in the proximal resection margins of any patients. Conclusions: Our tumor localization method is a promising and accurate method for securing a sufficient resection margin during TLDG.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.825-829
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• 2006

Rhus verniciflua Stokes has been used for treatment of blood stasis and abdominal mass in Oriental medicine. Rhus verniciflua Stokes has been experimentally reported to exert antioxidant, antiproliferative, antithrombotic and apoptotic activities. In the present study, the antiangiogenic and in vivo antitumor activities of aqueous extract of processed Rhus verniciflua Stokes (Nexia) by heat were examined to elucidate its anticancer mechanism. Nexia showed weak cytotoxiicty against human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and Lewis lung carcinoma cells (LLC) with IC50 of${\sim}200\;{\mu}g/ml\;and\;>200\;{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. Nexia significantly inhibited the proliferation and migratory activity in vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) treated HUVEC. Furthermore, Nexia effectively suppressed the tumor volume in A549 nonsmall lung cancer bearing athymic nude mice, CanN. Cg-Foxn 1nu/CrljBgi up to 40.7% as well as tumor weight incised from LLC cells innoculated into the flank of C57BL/6 mice up to -50% compared with untreated control at a dose of 300 mg/kg. Taken together, these results suggest that processed Rhus verniciflua Stokes may inhibit the growth of Lewis lung carcinoma cells partly via inhibition of angiogenesis and can be potently applied to angiogenesis dependent cancers. However, it still needs a further research on molecular mechanism, angiogenesis animal study and clinical trial in future.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제85권3호
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• pp.654-660
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• 2024

원발성 악성 섬유성 조직구종은 요로, 특히 방광에서 흔하게 발생하지 않는 중간엽 유래의 악성 종양이다. 방광암의 대부분을 차지하는 요로 상피암과는 달리, 악성 섬유성 조직구종은 점막 고유층, 고유근층, 장막층으로 구성된 방광 벽의 요로 상피 하부에서 발생한다. 조직학적 기원은 섬유아세포와 조직구 세포가 부분적으로 분화된 저분화 중간엽 줄기세포에서 발생하는 것으로 추정된다. 영상의학적으로는 요로 상피암에서 흔히 볼 수 있는 유두상 성장 패턴을 보이지 않아 '비유두상 종양'으로 알려져 있으며, 흔히 고유근층 이상의 침범을 보이고 괴사를 동반하지 않는 거대 종괴의 형태로 진단된다. 이 드문 악성 종양의 예후는 다양한 병리학적 인자에 의해 결정되지만, 일반적으로 불량한 예후와 높은 국소 재발률을 보인다. 또한 무통성 혈뇨를 주로 호소하는 요로 상피암 환자와 달리 주변 장기를 압박하여 비특이적인 하복부 통증이 나타날 수 있어 진단에 어려움이 있을 수 있다. 저자들은 혈뇨 없이 하복부 통증을 주 증상으로 내원하여 방광의 원발성 악성 섬유성 조직구종으로 진단된 후 빠른 치료를 시작하였음에도 매우 공격적인 임상 경과를 보였던 증례를 보고하고자 한다.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.250-255
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• 2008

목적: PET-CT가 림프절 전이를 발견하는데 있어 그 정확도를 조사하여 수술 전 진단 도구로써의 유용성을 평가하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2006년 6월부터 2008년 7월까지 원주기독병원에서 위암으로 수술 전 복부(위)전산화단층촬영술 및 PET-CT를 시행 후 근치적 위절제술을 시행한 환자를 대상으로 복부(위)전산화단층촬영술과 PET-CT의 민감도, 특이도, 양성예측률, 음성예측률 그리고 정확도를 비교 평가하였다. 결과: 전체 119명의 PET-CT의 민감도는 32.6%, 복부(위)전산화단층촬영술의 민감도는 39.5%였다. 특이도는 PET-CT 86.8%였으며 복부(위)전산화단층촬영술은 76.3%였다. 양성예측률은 PET-CT 58.3%, 복부(위)전산화단층촬영술 48.6%, 음성예측률은 PET-CT 69.5%, 복부(위)전산화단층촬영술 69.0%였다. 정확도는 PET-CT 67.2%, 복부(위)전산화단층촬영술 63.0%였다. 조기 위암의 경우 PET-CT와 복부(위)전산화단층 촬영술의 특이도는 98.0%와 88.2%, 음성예측률 80.6%와 80.4%, 정확도 67.2%와 63.0%이었다. 진행성 위암인 경우에는 PET-CT와 복부(위)전산화단층촬영술의 민감도는 45.2%와 51.6%, 특이도 64.0%와 52.0%, 양성예측률 60.9%와 57.1%, 음성예측률 48.5%와 46.4%, 정확도 53.6%와 51.8%였다. 결론: 수술 전 PET-CT를 이용한 림프절 전이 여부 평가는 복부(위)전산화단층촬영술에 비해 치료 지침을 결정하는데 더 많은 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.3-106
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• 2023

Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers in Korea and the world. Since 2004, this is the 4th gastric cancer guideline published in Korea which is the revised version of previous evidence-based approach in 2018. Current guideline is a collaborative work of the interdisciplinary working group including experts in the field of gastric surgery, gastroenterology, endoscopy, medical oncology, abdominal radiology, pathology, nuclear medicine, radiation oncology and guideline development methodology. Total of 33 key questions were updated or proposed after a collaborative review by the working group and 40 statements were developed according to the systematic review using the MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library and KoreaMed database. The level of evidence and the grading of recommendations were categorized according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation proposition. Evidence level, benefit, harm, and clinical applicability was considered as the significant factors for recommendation. The working group reviewed recommendations and discussed for consensus. In the earlier part, general consideration discusses screening, diagnosis and staging of endoscopy, pathology, radiology, and nuclear medicine. Flowchart is depicted with statements which is supported by meta-analysis and references. Since clinical trial and systematic review was not suitable for postoperative oncologic and nutritional follow-up, working group agreed to conduct a nationwide survey investigating the clinical practice of all tertiary or general hospitals in Korea. The purpose of this survey was to provide baseline information on follow up. Herein we present a multidisciplinary-evidence based gastric cancer guideline.

• 한국간담췌외과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.161-202
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• 2024

Backgrounds/Aims: Reported incidence of extrahepatic bile duct cancer is higher in Asians than in Western populations. Korea, in particular, is one of the countries with the highest incidence rates of extrahepatic bile duct cancer in the world. Although research and innovative therapeutic modalities for extrahepatic bile duct cancer are emerging, clinical guidelines are currently unavailable in Korea. The Korean Society of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery in collaboration with related societies (Korean Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery Society, Korean Society of Abdominal Radiology, Korean Society of Medical Oncology, Korean Society of Radiation Oncology, Korean Society of Pathologists, and Korean Society of Nuclear Medicine) decided to establish clinical guideline for extrahepatic bile duct cancer in June 2021. Methods: Contents of the guidelines were developed through subgroup meetings for each key question and a preliminary draft was finalized through a Clinical Guidelines Committee workshop. Results: In November 2021, the finalized draft was presented for public scrutiny during a formal hearing. Conclusions: The extrahepatic guideline committee believed that this guideline could be helpful in the treatment of patients.