• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.56 no.8
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• pp.1514-1520
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• 2007

Currently, the signal of the human body is measured with various methods, and a noninvasive investigation of various methods is useful diagnosis method. PTT(Pulse Transit Time) which is noninvasive investigation make use of to estimate the physiological phenomena. PTT has a latent information of cardiovascular system. So we have the experiments for analysis of the relations between PTT and physiological parameters. We examine to correlate to the physiological parameters, an age and degree of paralysis on the ultrasound therapy. The 40 patients who has a such paralysis join our experiment, and we obtain the PTT data that normal condition and states after ultrasound therapy. We study that PTT after the ultrasound therapy for patients who have a paralysis was related to an age and degree of paralysis.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.257-271
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose a protocol compression scheme for enhancing the performance of call processing of PTT(Push-to-Talk) which is one of the important services in IMS(IP Multimedia Subsystem), a next generation integrated wired/wireless packet communication network. To service the PTT on an IMS network, it should use the same call setup procedure as legacy Mobile and TRS(Trunked Radio System) networks and have a fast call setup time and enough communication bandwidth because a number of terminals should be able to exchange same data in real time. The proposed A+SigComp scheme reduces the initial call setup delay of SIP by about 10%, which is used by PTT service for call setup. In addition, the A+ROHC scheme is proposed to compress the header of RTP packets transferred during PTT voice transmission and, as a result, about 5% of increase in communication efficiency is observed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.527-536
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• 2019

This study examines the degradation of PTT BCF and fading behavior of disperse dye by heat treatment and UV irradiation. The behavior in strength degradation of PTT BCF after treat treatment was examined by measuring the tensile strength of samples. The strength retention of PTT BCF rapidly decreased with increasing exposure time at 150℃. The K/S value decreased with increasing temperature and its trend accelerated with increasing exposure time on heat. The behavior on strength degradation of PTT BCF and the fading of disperse dye on it were studied under UV irradiation at various temperatures. The tensile strength of PTT BCF and the K/S value of the sample dyed with disperse dye after UV irradiation decreased with increasing temperature and exposure time. PTT BCF exposed under UV irradiation exhibited lower strength and K/S value compared with the sample after heat treatment. Additional study on the effects of additives used to improve the resistance to fading of disperse dye and degradation of PTT BCF revealed that antioxidant and UV absorbent in PTT BCF showed a small improvement in the strength degradation of PTT BCF and the fading of dye.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.84-88
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• 2003

The properties of a woven fabric made of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) were investigated. The PTT fab-ric of draw textured yarn (DTY) showed excellent stretch as good as a fabric containing spandex. However, the unique stretch of the PTT fabric reduced dramatically by simple heat-treatment even at as low as $80^{\circ}C$. To understand the phenomenon, the crimp rigidity of the DTY was observed by SEM. It was found that the drastic reduction of stretch was caused by irreversible uncrimping of PTT DTY after heat-treatment. Conclusively, it is of importance to optimize the texturing conditions for PTT DTY to make the crimp more stable.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.8-16
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• 2003

Poly(trimethylene terephthalate)(PTT) fiber was pretreated with organic solvent/water solution of various compositions. The organic solvents used in this experiment were benzyl alcohol, n-buthanol, and N,N-dimethylformamide(DMF). Density of the fibers were investigated as a measure of crystallite region. The dye uptake increased in the order of pretreatment with hot water < untreated < 5% benzyl alcohol < 100% benzyl alcohol < 90% benzyl alcohol; hot water < untreated $\risingdotseq$ 5% butanol < 100% beutanol < 90% butanol; hot water $\risingdotseq$ 5% DMF < untreated < 90% DMF < 100% DMF. The dye uptake increases with increase of crystallinity. It seems likely that the recrystallization process during the pretreatment with organic solvent/water solutions leads to an increase in the microvoid and then a large increase in the dye uptake. Also the dyeing rate increased and the dyeing transition temperature decreased with the pretreatments. The results obtained are corresponds with the plasticization of the fiber structure formed during the pretreatrnent.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.477-482
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• 2011

The structural analysis of polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) and characterization of the hydrolytic degradation products after acid hydrolysis were performed using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Mass spectra of the PTT samples were analyzed using a self-calibration method as well as an internal calibration method with standard materials of known masses. PTT structures constituting the samples were determined from the analyses of the spectra, and their relative compositions were estimated. The MALDI-TOF mass spectra of the acid-hydrolyzed PTT sample showed three main series of oligomer products with different end groups in accordance with the hydrolysis schemes. From the spectra of both $Na^+$ and $K^+$ adducts, it was concluded that the PTT samples have higher affinity for $Na^+$ compared with $K^+$ and therefore show higher ionization efficiency with sodium ions when dithranol is used as a matrix. Two different wavelength laser beams ($\lambda$ = 337 nm and 355 nm) were tested and it was observed that the 355 nm beam was more efficient in obtaining the MALDI spectra of PTT using dithranol as a matrix under our experimental conditions.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.249-255
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• 2001

To interpret the dyeing behavior of PTT fiber with C. I. Disperse Violet 1, the thermodynamic Parameters of dyeing, such as standard affinity, heat of dyeing(enthalpy change), entropy change, diffusion coefficient, and activation energy of diffusion, were obtained from isotherms and dyeing rates at various temperatures and compared with those of PET fiber. The heat of dyeing(enthalpy change) and the entropy change of PTT fiber showed smaller negative values than those of PET fiber. This means that the dye molecules in the PTT fiber are combined more loosely than in the PET fiber and that is due to the flexibility of polymer chains of PTT fiber. The diffusion coefficients of C. I. Disperse Violet 1 into the PTT fiber were larger than those for PET fiber, and the activation energy of diffusion on PTT fiber was smaller than that on PET fiber.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.20-26
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• 2003

The thermal behavior, morphology, ester-interchange reaction of Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT)/poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) melt blends were investigated over the whole composition range(xPTT/(1-x)PET) using a twinscrew Brabender. The melt blends were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ($^{13}{C-NMR}$), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Single glass transition temperature ($T_g$) and cold crystallization temperature ($T_cc$) were observed in all melt blends. Melt blends were found to be due to the ester-interchange reaction in PTT/PET blend. Also the randomness of copolymer increases because transesterification between PT and PET increases with increasing blending time This reaction increases homogeneity of the blends and decreases the degree of crystallinity of the melt blends. In PTT-rich blends, mechanical properties decrease with increase of PET content compared with that of pure PTT. And, in PET-rich blends, tensile modulus decreases with increase of PTT content, but tensile strength and elongation is similar to that of pure PET.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.94-102
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• 2010

The dyeing of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)(PTT)/silk mixture fabrics can be accomplished by a two bath dyeing method with separate application of the disperse dyes on the PTT, reduction cleaning of the stained silk and then dyeing the silk with the acid dyes, or by one bath dyeing method with mixed dye ranges, possibly followed by a cleaning treatment. The two bath dyeing method has the advantage of better results with respect to dry cleaning fastness properties thanks to the possibility of an intermediate reduction clear. On the other hand, as compared with the two bath dyeing method, one bath dyeing method with a mixed dye range permits rapid and more reproducible dyeing, without the risk of great difference with respect to the shade of the strike on both substrates as well as savings of time, energy and water usage. This study was carried out to investigate dyeing characteristics of PTT/silk mixture fabrics with disperse dyes/acid dyes by one bath dyeing method in comparison with two bath dyeing method in the interests for rationalization of the dyeing process.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.57 no.12
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• pp.2345-2350
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• 2008

Recently, ultrasound is becoming a universal way of treatment when it comes to clinic. The thermal effect of therapeutic ultrasound can raise the temperature of tissue without damage and thus increases the flow rate, and this leads to the oxygen transportation velocity of peripheral tissue and ultimately facilitates the metabolism. The purpose of this research is analyzing relations between PTT and transmission time of therapeutic ultrasound, and in this study the PTT variation due to respective transmission time of ultrasound upon 17 normal persons was measured and as a result, it was observed that PTT increases as transmission time of therapeutic ultrasound