• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.243-248
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• 2010

The ${\beta}$-glucosidase (E.C. 3.2.1.21) production capabilities of lactic acid bacteria isolated from a variety of kimchi (fermented vegetables) were examined. When grown in a medium containing cellobiose as carbon source, most lactic acid bacteria showed significantly higher intracellular levels of ${\beta}$-glucosidase than the extracellular levels. A maximum intracellular ${\beta}$-glucosidase activity of 3.7${\pm}$0.5 (unit/mg protein) was obtained in the case of Weissella cibaria KFRI88010 isolated from kimchi. The optimum reaction conditions for W. cibaria KFRI88010 ${\beta}$-glucosidase activity were pH 5.0 and ${37^{\circ}C}$, and addition of divalent cations to the reaction mixture resulted in a notable decrease in enzyme activity. The ${\beta}$-glucosidase activity was enhanced twofold when W. cibaria KFRI88010 was grown in a medium containing fructose as compared with to a medium containing glucose or cellobiose.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.128-132
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• 2007

The aim of this study was to investigate the physiological functionalities of 60 wild mushroom methanol extracts. We determined their fibrinolytic and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activities. Among them, 11 mushrooms showed fibrinolytic activity. In particular, Armillaria sp. showed the greatest enzyme activity (4.2 plasmin units/ml) in a fibrin plate assay. The fibrinolytic activities of Amanita virosa. Gymnophilus sp. and Lepista nuda were 2.3, and the activities of Amanita citrina and Cortinarius alboviolaceus were 2.1 and 2.0 plasmin units, respectively. In a ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activity test, Naematoloma fasciculare showed the greatest inhibitory activity at 98.5%. The ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory activities of Suillus luteus and Gomphidius maculatus were 66.6% and 61.5%, respectively. This study suggests that both Armillaria sp. and N. fasciculare can be used as candidates for the development of new medicine effective to cardiovascular diseases and biofunctional food.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.879-884
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• 2017

In a continuing screening of selected medicinal plants native to Mongolia, the antioxidant and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activities of methanol extract of Iris bungei were investigated. After extraction with 80% of methanol, the methanol fraction was further extracted with n-hexane, EtOAc and n-BuOH in order to obtain four different solvent-soluble fractions, namely n-hexane-soluble, EtOAc-soluble, n-BuOH-soluble and $H_2O$ residue. The antioxidant properties were evaluated by radical scavenging assay using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) ($ABTS^+$) radicals. The anti-diabetic efficacy of I. bungei extract was investigated by ${\alpha}$-glucosidase assay. All tested samples showed dose-dependent radical scavenging and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Among the tested extracts, the EtOAc-soluble fractions showed the greatest radical scavenging activity and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory properties among other solvent-soluble fractions. This result suggested that there was a significant relationship between the total phenolic content and biological efficacy. Thus, I. bungei extract might be considered as a new potential source of natural antioxidant and as a ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory source. A more systematic investigation of this biomass sill be performed for further investigation of activity against antioxidative and anti-diabetic effects.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.139-143
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• 2002

To find $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitors produced by Actinomycetes, bacteria belonging to Actinomycetes were isolated from soil sample using Bennett's medium. The inhibitory activity induced by these bacteria on $\alpha$-glucosidase, which is the key enzymes far carbohydrates digestion and the prevention of diabetic complications, was investigated. A strain of these bacteria, PM718 potently inhibited $\alpha$-glucosidase activity in vitro.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.9
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• pp.1243-1248
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• 2010

The physiological activities of Strychnos nux-vomica extracts were investigated through the total phenolic contents (TPC), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (RSA), comet assay, and $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity. S. nux-vomica extracts were prepared with methanol, ethanol, and acetone. The methanol extract showed the highest phenolic content (71 mg/100 g gallic acid equivalents). Pretreatment with S. nux-vomica extracts resulted in significant reductions in oxidative DNA damage at all of the concentrations tested ($1{\sim}50\;{\mu}g/mL$). The $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity of a methanol extract was 12.8% at the concentration of 1 mg/mL. Therefore, these results indicate that S. nux-vomica might be a noble potential candidate exhibiting antioxidant and $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.9-13
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• 2000

In order to determine the characteristics of $\beta$-glucosidase associated with cellulose degradation, the enzyme produced extracellularly by the mycelia of Tricholoma matsutake DGUM 26001 in culture broth was partially purified. The enzyme activity was maintained in the range of temperatures trom 55 to $70^{\circ}C$ and its optimum temperature was $65^{\circ}C$. The $\beta$-glucosidase enzyme showed relatively high activity in the range of pH 3.0-5.0 and its optimum pH was 4.0. Under the optimal conditions, the specific activity of $\beta$-glucosidase for salicin as a substrate was 18.7 unit/mg protein. After thermal treatment of the enzyme at $55^{\circ}C$ for 60 min, more than 90% of the enzyme activity was still sustained. Iron($Fe^{++}$) stimulated enzyme activity, whereas mercury($Hg^{++}$) and copper($Cu^{++}$) inhibited. Compared to salicin as a substrate, the relative activity for cellobiose was observed to be 48.6%. The apparent $K_m$ and $V_{max}$ of the enzyme with cellobiose were 0.12 mM and 0.02 umol/min, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.7
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• pp.993-999
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• 2015

For the purpose of investigating the in vitro antidiabetic activity of a medicinal herb and herb mixture extracts prepared through traditional antidiabetic prescription, this study examined ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Tyrosinase, a type I membrane glycoprotein, is synthesized and glycosylated in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi. The enzyme is subsequently transported to melanosomes, where it participates in melanogenesis. Previous studies showed that disruption of early ER N-glycan processing by an ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitor suppresses tyrosinase enzymatic activity and melanogenesis. According to the results, most oriental medicinal herbal extracts were stronger than acarbose and N-butyldeoxynojirimycin, known as an ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitor. Interestingly, ethyl acetate layer of enzyme hydrolyzed Cheongsimyeonjaeum had an inhibitory effect on melanin synthesis in B16F1 cells, although it did not inhibit tyrosinase activity directly. Together, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition activity could be used to evaluate anti-melanogenesis, although cross-checking with melanin inhibitory assay is recommended.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.989-994
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• 2016

As part of our continuing search for bioactive natural products, the antioxidant and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activities of an 80% methanolic extract and organic solvent soluble-portions of Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus roots were investigated by using a bioassay system. The antioxidant activity of A. dioicus var. kamtschaticus roots extract and organic solvent soluble-portions were assessed by examining with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) ($ABTS^+$) radical scavenging. In addition, anti-diabetic effects of the A. dioicus var. kamtschaticus root extract and organic solvent soluble-portions were tested via ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition assay. The total phenolic contents of the products were determined by applying UV-VIS spectrophotometry. All tested samples showed dose-dependent radical scavenging and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory properties. In particular, the ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory and radical scavenging effects of the ethyl-acetate (EtOAc)-soluble portion from the roots of A. dioicus var. kamtschaticus were greater than those from other solvent-soluble portions. These results indicate that A. dioicus var. kamtschaticus could be considered a new effective source of natural antioxidants and anti-diabetic materials. More systematic research of the constituents of the roots of this A. dioicus variety will be conducted to further develop its antioxidative and anti-diabetic properties.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.251-261
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• 2010

Cellulase from Formiptosis pinicola KMJ812 is an efficient cellulose degradation enzyme complex, especially with a high ${\beta}$-glucosidase activity. In this study, the change in enzymatic characteristics by immobilization and the reduction of immobilized enzyme activity by repeated usages were evaluated using cellulases from F. pinicola KMJ812. Among tested four resins, Duolite A568 resin had the best enzyme activity yield with 61.7% cellulase activity and 64.4% ${\beta}$- glucosidase activity during the cellulase immobilization. The best reaction temperature was $55^{\circ}C$ for both cellulase and ${\beta}$-glucosidase activities which were higher than the unimmobilized soluble cellulases. The best reaction pH was 4.0 for cellulase activity which was a little more basic than a soluble form and 4.5 for ${\beta}$-glucosidase activity. The immobilized cellulase activity was remained 98% of the beginning activity after 72 h incubation at $50^{\circ}C$ and 50% of the beginning activity after eight times usage at $50^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.241-244
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• 2017

The antioxidant activity of various solvent extracts from Jeju camellia mistletoe (Korthalsella japonica (Thunb.) Engl.) was investigated using various in vitro assays as the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging, ferrous ion chelating and reducing power assays. Methanol and ethanol extracts showed the most potent antioxidant activity in all assays tested followed by water extract. The inhibitory effect of the Jeju camellia mistletoe extracts on pancreatic lipase and $\acute{a}$-glucosidase was also evaluated and the results showed that methanol and ethanol extracts markedly reduced both enzyme activities. Therefore, the methanol and ethanol extracts of Jeju camellia mistletoe is definitely worthy of further investigation for these beneficial effects on nutraceutical medicine.