• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.129-143
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• 2016

Sometimes, we need or try to figure out somebody's thoughts from his or her behaviors such as eye movement, facial expression, gestures, and motions. In safety-critical and complex systems such as nuclear power plants, the inference of operators' thoughts (understanding or diagnosis of a current situation) might provide a lot of opportunities for useful applications, such as development of an improved operator training program, a new type of operator support system, and human performance measures for human factor validation. In this experimental study, a novel method for inference of an operator's thoughts from his or her eye movement data is proposed and evaluated with a nuclear power plant simulator. In the experiments, about 80% of operators' thoughts can be inferred correctly using the proposed method.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1997년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집; 한국전력공사 서울연수원; 17-18 Oct. 1997
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• pp.795-798
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• 1997

• 산업공학
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.751-758
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• 2000

Situation awareness is defined as a person's perception of the elements of the environment within a volume of time and space, the comprehension of their meaning and the projection of their status in the near future. Situation awareness is important in attempting to evaluate human behavior in operating complex systems such as aircraft, air traffic control, and nuclear power plant systems. From the literatures this study reviews the relationship between situation awareness and numerous individual, system and environmental factors, and also reviews the methodologies for the empirical measurement of situation awareness applicable to Korea Next Generation Reactor (KNGR) design project. Attention, working memory, workload, stress, system complexity, and automation are presented as critical factors limiting operator's situation awareness. Mental models and goal-directed behavior are hypothesized as important mechanisms overcoming these limits. This study summarized hypothesized guidelines for interface design to improve situation awareness of reactor operators. Some of the guidelines should be tested in the KNGR evaluation experiments in the future.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.247-270
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• 2009

This paper reviews studies on information searching behavior in process control systems and discusses some implications learned from previous studies for use in human factors studies on nuclear power plants (NPPs) main control rooms (MCRs). Information searching behavior in NPPs depends on expectancy, value, salience, and effort. The first quantitative scanning model developed by Senders for instrument panel monitoring considered bandwidth (change rate) of instruments as a determining factor in scanning behavior. Senders' model was subsequently elaborated by other researchers to account for value in addition to bandwidth. There is also another type of model based on the operator's situation awareness (SA) which has been developed for NPP application. In these SA-based models, situation-event relations or rules on system dynamics are considered the most significant factor forming expectancy. From the review of previous studies it is recommended that, for NPP application, (1) a set of symptomatic information sources including both changed and unchanged symptoms should be considered along with bandwidth as determining factors governing information searching (or visual sampling) behavior; (2) both data-driven monitoring and knowledge-driven monitoring should be considered and balanced in a systematic way; (3) sound models describing mechanisms of cognitive activities during information searching tasks should be developed so as to bridge studies on information searching behavior and design improvement in HMI; (4) the attention-situation awareness (A-SA) modeling approach should be recognized as a promising approach to be examined further; and (5) information displays should be expected to have totally different characteristics in advanced control rooms. Hence much attention should be devoted to information searching behavior including human-machine interface (HMI) design and human cognitive processes.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.529-543
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• 2024

Purpose: As part of the government's national policy agenda, one of the key initiatives in the Rural Convergence Industry is the selection and cultivation of certified operators. This study aims to specifically analyze the business performance of certified operators, first selected in 2015, based on their characteristics, and to propose improvement measures for the Rural Convergence Industry based on the analysis results. Methods: Data were collected from the certification (renewal) records of the Gyeongnam Sixth Industry Support Center from 2015 to 2023. The R program (R Core Team 2023) was used for data analysis. Results: The performance and role of certified operators are receiving attention to spread and increase awareness of the Rural Convergence Industry. While the location, gender of the representative, type of certified operator, type of convergence industry (6th industry), and main product did not have statistically significant effects on the sales and job changes of certified operators, the sales growth rate according to the management period of certified operators was found to have a statistically significant effect. Conclusion: It was observed that the longer the management period of the certified operator, the more sales increased, with a significant rise in sales growth rate at the early stage of the certified operator. This suggests that to revitalize and successfully promote the Rural Convergence Industry, it is necessary to strengthen the operator certification system and continuously implement various projects to enhance the capabilities of certified operators.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.640-647
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 BLU(back light unit) 검사에 적합하도록 잡음에 강건한 일반화 대칭 변환을 주목 연산자로 제안하여 적용함으로써 형태와 크기 및 명도가 다양한 BLU 얼룩들을 효과적으로 검출하였다. 제안한 주목 연산자는 두 화소 명도변화의 크기와 대칭성뿐만 아니라 그 방사(radial)방향의 수렴 및 발산 극성도 반영시켜 잡음이나 불규칙한 배경영상의 양극성 대칭도 누적을 상쇄시킴으로써 명도분포가 일정치 않고 복잡한 무늬의 배경을 갖는 BLU 특유의 검사영상으로부터 얼룩만을 효과적으로 검출할 수 있도록 하였다. CCD 카메라로 입력된 고해상도의 BLU 검사영상에 대해 실험하여 BLU 얼룩 검사에 효과적으로 활용할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.917-926
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• 1994

Let ($M, G_M, F$) be a (p+q)-dimensional Riemannian manifold with a foliation F of codimension q and a bundle-like metric $g_M$ with respect to F ([9]). Aside from the Laplacian $\bigtriangleup_g$ associated to the metric g, there is another differnetial operator, the Jacobi operator $J_D$, which is a second order elliptic operator acting on sections of the normal bundle. Its spectrum isdiscrete as a consequence of the compactness of M. The study of the spectrum of $\bigtriangleup_g$ acting on functions or forms has attracted a lot of attention. In this point of view, the present authors [7] have studied the spectrum of the Laplacian and the curvature of a compact orientable cosymplectic manifold. On the other hand, S. Nishikawa, Ph. Tondeur and L. Vanhecke [6] studied the spectral geometry for Riemannian foliations. The purpose of the present paper is to study the relation between two spectra and the transversal geometry of cosymplectic foliations. We shall be in $C^\infty$-category. Manifolds are assumed to be connected.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.1261-1270
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• 2022

This study was conducted to investigate the possibility of using gaze entropy to evaluate an operator's situation awareness in an emergency accident situation of a nuclear power plant. Gaze entropy can be an effective measure for evaluating an operator's situation awareness at a nuclear power plant because it can express gaze movement as a single comprehensive number. In order to determine the relationship between situation awareness and gaze entropy for an emergency accident situation of a nuclear power plant, an experiment was conducted to measure situation awareness and gaze entropy using simulators created for emergency accident situations LOCA, SGTR, SLB, and LOV. The experiment was to judge the accident situation of nuclear power plants presented in the simulator. The results showed that situation awareness and Shannon, dwell time, and Markov entropy had a significant negative correlation, while visual attention entropy (VAE) did not show any significant correlation with situation awareness. The results determined that Shannon entropy, dwell time entropy, and Markov entropy could be used as measures to evaluate situation awareness.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.251-254
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• 2008

Issues and themes concerned with nuclear power plant uprating are examined. Attention is brought to the fact that many candidate nuclear power plants for uprating have anyway been operated below their rated power for a significant part of their operating life. The key issues remain safety and reliability in operation at all times, irrespective of the nuclear power plant's chronological or design age or power rating. The effects of power uprates are discussed in terms of material aspects and expected demands on the systems, structures and components. The impact on operation and maintenance methods is indicated in terms of changes to the ageing surveillance programmes. Attention is brought to the necessity checking or revising operator actions after power up-rating has been implemented.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.365-379
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• 2024

Researchers continue to explore and introduce new operators, methods, and applications related to fractional integrals and inequalities. In recent years, fractional integrals and inequalities have gained a lot of attention. In this paper, firstly we established the new identity for the case of differentiable function through the fractional operator (Caputo-Fabrizio). By utilizing this novel identity, the obtained results are improved for Simpson second formula-type inequality. Based on this identity the Simpson second formula-type inequality is proved for the s-convex functions. Furthermore, we also include the applications to special means.