• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.35 no.5_2
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• pp.831-840
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• 2019

Recently, the span length of long-span bridges is getting longer. As a result, it has been suggested that a new concept called 'super long-span bridge'. In case of super long span bridges, the structure is being complicated and the importance of structural stability is being emphasized. However, until recently, the most commonly used sensors (dual axis clinometer, anemometer, strain gauge, etc.) have got limit about the bridge monitoring. Consequently, we researched the application of a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) to improve the limit of the existing sensors. In this study, the dual axis clinometer, the anemometer and the strain gauge together with the GNSS were used to analyze the behavior of a super-long suspension bridge. Also, we propose the detailed method of bridge monitoring using the GNSS. This study consisted of three steps. First step calculated the absolute coordinates of the towers and the longitudinal axis direction of the study bridge using the GNSS. In second step, through the analysis of the long-term behavior in shortly after construction, we calculated the permanent displacement and evaluated the stability of main towers. Third step analyzed the behavior of bridge by the wind direction and was numerically indicated. Consequently, the bridge measurement using the GNSS appeared that the acquired data is able to easy processing according to the analysis purpose. If we will use together the existing measurement sensors with the GNSS on the maintenance of the super long-span bridge, we figure each error of measurement data and improve the monitoring system through calibration. As a result, we acquire the accurate displacement of bridge and figure the behavior of bridge. Consequently, we identified that it is able to construct the effective monitoring system.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.57
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• pp.91-125
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• 2018

This study aims at attempting to make a new interpretation of Mencius from the point of social welfare. The thoughts of social welfare, found from Mencius, are temporal and humanistic and near to those in nowadays. Social welfare began under the name of philanthropic work, relief work, charitable work or social work from the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century on. Welfare means the whole social activities such as satisfying the fundamental desires of the social members, ensuring the conditions of their lives, and ultimately achieving social integration and stability. It means the conditions of their lives and wellbeing. Wellbeing means the minimal physical desires and psychological stability. The realization of the economic system through concept of steady livelihood and steady mind, tax system and well-field system, proposed by Mencius, can be ensured by the whole social activities such as ensuring the stable lives of the social members, enriching and satisfying their happiness and ultimately achieving social integration and stability. The thoughts of Mencius include people-as-root idea, which regards people as most important and tries to solve the instability and inequality that are the structural vulnerabilities in modern capitalist society. His concept of Way of the king means promoting people's sense of happiness through education of morality, based upon the people-as-root idea and filial and fraternal responsibilities. The main ideas of social welfare include living like a human being, ensuring minimal physical and psychological stabilities through social welfare system and welfare policy, enriching human dignity and freedom and enhancing the quality of lives. The thoughts of Mencius include all the above ideas. In particular, he desired to establish ethically and morally stable society by economically implementing the well-field system in Zhou dynasty, based upon politically benevolent governance of the politicians. That society was the people-as-root society, the realization of which was the ideal society Mencius desired to establish, and the goal of his thoughts on social welfare. This study, among the thoughts of Mencius, investigated his ideas on social welfare and the practical ethics for applying them to real society. In addition, to understand his ideas on social welfare, not only the social and economic backgrounds and conditions but also the political ideas at that time were also investigated. This will provide the opportunity to make more in-depth research of the elements of social welfare intrinsically contained in his thoughts.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.11-28
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• 2015

A company have to grow constantly. If a company does not grow and stagnant, it will be finally out of the market. The contemporary companies fully make use of M&A to search for new growth engines. The reason of companies using M&A as a important tool of a business strategy is the fastest way to achieve technology power, market power, competitiveness. The form of M&A was that leading companies take over smaller companies or merger and acquisition between small companies in the middle of 2000. But now, Mega mergers between industry leading companies often occur and especially domestic of course M&A of foreign companies occurs actively. These days the boom of stock market and the big companies are pouring on sale by restructuring, privatization and the basis of low interest will make the M&A market continuously. In this study, I suggest a solution of actual human resources management by analyzing proven M&A cases and search for various problems of a gap in the leadership and communication in connection with integration of organization culture after M&A. First of all, I arrange the theoretical concept of the subject and analyze the key factors of the success M&A cases, lastly I suggested a HR strategy after M&A. After M&A, HR strategy is ; First, a company have to build a organization culture which is that merger company accommodate a excellent organizational characteristic of predecessor company with consideration of culture difference. Second, M&A must proceed to remove of anxiety about the future and employment stability by excellent leaderships. Third, organization integration after M&A is influenced by the level of integration for that reason it was verified that M&A have to make progress by communication of each 2 organizations.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.69-72
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• 2022

This paper actually investigates the load on major large-scale buildings in the downtown area, examines the economic feasibility of installing PV and ESS in a microgrid target building, and evaluates whether an electric vehicle capable of V2G through two buildings is effective as an economical analysis program (HOMER) was analyzed using. It is economical to install a mixture of ESS rather than using the whole PV, and it is shown that if there is an electric vehicle using the V2G function of EV, there is an economic effect to replace the PV. So that Incentives and policies are needed to replace a large area of PV and utilize the existing parking lot to lead EV as a resource of the microgrid. Currently, P2X technology that stores power as ESS or converts it to other energy to control when surplus renewable energy occurs in large-capacity solar power plants and wind farms, etc. This is being applied, and efforts are being made to maintain the stability of the system through the management of surplus power, such as replacing thermal energy through a heat pump. Due to the increase in electric vehicles, which were recognized only as a means of transportation, technologies for using electric vehicles are developing. Accordingly, existing gas stations do not only supply traditional chemical fuels, but electricity, and super stations that also produce electricity have appeared. Super Station is a new concept power plant that can produce and store electricity using solar power, ESS, V2G, and P2G. To take advantage of this, research on an urban microgrid that forms an independent system by tying a large building and several buildings together and supplies power through a super station around the microgrid is in full swing.

• World Technopolis Review
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.59-70
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• 2019

Where is a better place to live? In the coming era, this should be more than simply a livable place. It should be an adaptable place that has a flexible system adaptable to any new situation in terms of diversity. Customization and real-time operation are needed in order to realize this technologically. We expect a smart city to have a flexible system that applies technologies of self-monitoring and self-response, thereby being a promising city model towards being a better place to live. Energy demand and supply is a crucial issue concerning our expectations for the flexible system of a smart city because it is indispensable to comfortable living, especially city living. Although it may seem that energy diversification, such as the energy mix of a country, is a matter of overriding concern, the central point is the scale of place to build grids for realizing sustainable urban energy systems. A traditional hard energy path supported by huge centralized energy systems based on fossil and nuclear fuels on a national scale has already faced difficult problems, particularly in terms of energy flexibility/resilience. On the other hand, an alternative soft energy path consisting of small diversified energy systems based on renewable energy sources on a local scale has limitations regarding stability, variability, and supply potential despite the relatively light economic/technological burden that must be assumed to realize it. As another alternative, we can adopt a holonic path incorporating an alternative soft energy path with a traditional hard energy path complimentarily based on load management. This has a high affinity with the flexible system of a smart city. At a system level, the purpose of all of the paths mentioned above is not energy itself but the service it provides. If the expected energy service is fixed, the conclusive factor in choosing a more appropriate system is accessibility to the energy service. Accessibility refers to reliability and affordability; the former encompasses the level of energy self-sufficiency, and the latter encompasses the extent of energy saving. From this point of view, it seems that the small diversified energy systems of a soft energy path have a clear advantage over the huge centralized energy systems of a hard energy path. However, some insuperable limitations still remain, so it is reasonable to consider both energy systems continuing to coexist in a multiplexing energy system employing a holonic path to create and maintain reliable and affordable access to energy services that cover households'/enterprises' basic energy needs. If this is embodied in a smart city concept, this is nothing else but smart energy inclusion. In Japan, following the Fukushima nuclear accident in 2011, a trend towards small diversified energy systems of a soft energy path intensified in order to realize a nuclear-free society. As a result, the Government of Japan proclaimed in its Fifth Strategic Energy Plan that renewable energy must be the main source of power in Japan by 2050. Accordingly, Sony vowed that all the energy it uses would come from renewable sources by 2040. In this situation, it is expected that smart energy inclusion will be achieved by the Japanese version of a smart grid based on the concept of a minimum cost scheme and demand response.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.131-139
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to propose a new direction for color schemes of city signages to provide psychological stability to business owners and improve business value. Types of city sign color schemes and Feng Shui awareness of business owners were examined. Color schemes for signs were proposed, reflecting city landscape colors, color perception theory, and the Feng Shui Sangsaeng Sanggeuk theory. Results of the study can be summarized as follows. First, in order to secure colorscape quality of existing city buildings, signs should be small and consist of only three or fewer colors. Second, existing signage colors and the Feng Shui ideas of business owners have something in common with the five traditional cardinal colors. Thus, it can be interpreted that Feng Shui ideas are deeply rooted in the color use awareness of the Korean people. Third, background colors of signages can reflect the idea of innate Sangsaeng according to the Bonmyeonggung of business owners. The concept of acquired Sanggeuk can also be applied to other design elements such as characters. Fourth, as a second choice according to the function of sign, city landscape or preference of business owner, etc., the background color can remain a color of Sangsaeng, while other design elements such as characters can use a color scheme corresponding to Bihwasaek. Fifth, signs can create a statement and stand out using lightness contrast or saturation contrast theories. A variety of sign color schemes are also possible just by altering the lightness and saturation levels.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.62 no.11
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• pp.1495-1504
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• 2013

Renewable energy integration and increased system complexities make system operator maintain supply and demand balance harder than before. To keep the grid frequency in a stable range, an appropriate spinning reserve margin should be procured with consideration of ever-changing system situation, such as demand, wind power output and generator failure. This paper propose a novel concept of dynamic reserve, which arrange different spinning reserve margin depending on time. To investigate the effectiveness of the proposed dynamic reserve, we developed a new short-term reliability criterion that estimates the probability of a spinning reserve shortage events, thus indicating grid frequency stability. Uncertainties of demand forecast error, wind generation forecast error and generator failure have been modeled in probabilistic terms, and the proposed spinning reserve has been applied to generation scheduling. This approach has been tested on the modified IEEE 118-bus system with a wind farm. The results show that the required spinning reserve margin changes depending on the system situation of demand, wind generation and generator failure. Moreover the proposed approach could be utilized even in case of system configuration change, such as wind generation extension.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.7
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• pp.2491-2509
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• 2022

As an important device in the nuclear island, the nuclear coolant pump can continuously provide power for medium circulation. The vane is one of the stationary parts in the nuclear coolant pump, which is installed between the impeller and the casing. The shape of the vane plays a significant role in the pump's overall performance and stability which are the important indicators during the safety serve process. Hence, the bionic concept is firstly applied into the design process of the vane to improve the performance of the nuclear coolant pump. Taking the scaled high-performance hydraulic model (on a scale of 1:2.5) of the coolant pump as the reference, a united bionic design approach is proposed for the unique structure of the guide vane of the nuclear coolant pump. Then, a new optimization design platform is established to output the optimal bionic vane. Finally, the comparative results and the corresponding mechanism are analyzed. The conclusions can be gotten as: (1) four parameters are introduced to configure the shape of the bionic blade, the significance of each parameter is herein demonstrated; (2) the optimal bionic vane is successfully obtained by the optimization design platform, the efficiency performance and the head performance of which can be improved by 1.6% and 1.27% respectively; (3) when compared to the original vane, the optimized bionic vane can improve the inner flow characteristics, namely, it can reduce the flow loss and decrease the pressure pulsation amplitude; (4) through the mechanism analysis, it can be found out that the bionic structure can induce the spanwise velocity and the vortices, which can reduce drag and suppress the boundary layer separation.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.18B no.3
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• pp.165-172
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose Ant-Q learning Algorithm[1], which uses the habits of biological ants, to find a new way to solve Stable Marriage Problem(SMP)[3] presented by Gale-Shapley[2]. The issue of SMP is to find optimum matching for a stable marriage based on their preference lists (PL). The problem of Gale-Shapley algorithm is to get a stable matching for only male (or female). We propose other way to satisfy various requirements for SMP. ACS(Ant colony system) is an swarm intelligence method to find optimal solution by using phermone of ants. We try to improve ACS technique by adding Q learning[9] concept. This Ant-Q method can solve SMP problem for various requirements. The experiment results shows the proposed method is good for the problem.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.307-320
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• 2013

This paper proposes a new hybrid support structure by the driven piles which removes disadvantages of the existing type of support structure for offshore wind turbines. The hybrid type of support structure is combined with concrete cone and steel shaft, and is supported not only by gravity type foundations but also by driven piles. For three dimensional analysis of the huge and thick concrete structure, a solid-shell element that is capable of exact modeling and node interpolations of stresses is developed. By applying wave theory of stream function and solid-shell element in XSEA simulation software for fixed offshore wind turbines, a quasi-static analysis and natural frequency analysis of proposed support structure are performed with the environmental condition on Southwest Coast in Korea. In the result, lateral displacement is not exceed allowable displacement and a superiority of dynamic behavior of new hybrid support structure is validated by natural frequency analysis. Consequently, the hybrid support structure presented in this study has a structural stability enough to be applied on real-site condition in Korea. The optimized structures based on the preliminary design concept resulted in an efficient structure, which reasonably reduces fabrication costs.