• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.469-479
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to prevent the oral disease and to improve the oral sanitation by investigating the behavior on the awareness of oral health aimed at the residents who lives in the Yeongdong-gun, Choongbuk, Korea. This study was carried out from September 26th to September 27th of 2006 and surveyed aim at 176 persons of residents of Yeongdong-gun. The results of this study can be utilized as a base data of program development on the oral health education of sectional residents and can be reached at the following conclusions. 1. The number of residents who have not experienced oral health education takes possession of 67.5% for men and 48.4% for women, the path how to learn of oral health education holds 67.7% for men and 51.6% for women(p<0.001). In case of the content of oral health education, prothodontics treatment is predominantly showed up as 60.2% for men and 44.2% for women(p<0.01). 2. The number of residents who has visited the dental clinics within 6 months holds 52.4% for men and 27.3% for women(p<0.01). With regard to the number of residents who has visited the dental clinics on the purpose of prevention(examination) of oral disease within 1 year, 'not experienced' showed up no differences as 52.4% for men and 57.6% for women. In case of the number of residents who has experienced prothodontic and conservative treatment, scaling is extremely much as 37.6% for men and 52.6% for women(p<0.05). 3. In case of brushing teeth, 2 times a day is the first rank of 52.3% on the frequency of toothbrushing and the time when brush your teeth after breakfast, lunch and dinner is 22.2%, 16.5% and 20.3% respectively. Below 2 minutes is 64.7% and over 3 minutes is 10.3% on how long do you brush your teeth. With regard to the method on how to brush teeth, `up, down & across' is the first rank of 35.2%. In case of utilization of oral hygiene utensils, the number of resident who is `not used' occupies 62.5%. 4. In the knowledge of oral health, 60.7% of residents replied that the cause of dental carious is the infection by the bacteria. The relationship between the smoking and oral health, 50.5% of them replied `Not relevant' and 33.6% of them replied `Relevant'. The average point of the correct response rate of 9 items related with the knowledge of oral health is merely showed up as 3.39 point. Therefore, it shows up that the knowledge and education related with the prevention of oral disease is much deficient.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.107-114
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• 2001

Oral malodor is a problem that traverses history, culture, race and sex. But, up to the present the study on prevalence of oral malodor in normal popualtion is short, especially there is no study on oral malodor prevalence in Korean. In our study, we investigated self-evaluation of oral malodor, self-rating intensity of oral malodor, patients efforts for curing their oral malodor, and degree of satisfaction with their efforts. Investigation was carried out on 368 public Koreans resident in a big city(174 males, 194 females), by method of self-reporting to prepared questionnaire. There was no difference in self-reporting prevalence of oral malodor in sexes(57.5% in male, 58.8% in female), and the prevalence rate was increased with aging. Self-rating intensity of oral malodor in oral malodor patients group(by self-reporting) was ranked in order of slight, weak, middle, strong in both sexes, but the number of self-rating strong female group is significantly larger than that of self-rating strong male group(9.3% in male, 17.9% in female). In question on duration of oral malodor, most subjects answered that their oral malodor was developed in certain circumstances(61.3% in male, 76.3% in female), and oral malodor-developing circumstances was ranked in order of in the early morning, in hunger state, in fatigue, in stressful situations. Subjects effort for curing their oral malodor was ranked in order of more tooth brushing, gum chewing, use of commercial product for oral hygiene, visit dental clinic, and rates of no effort subjects were 15.3% in males and 10.7% in females. The degree of satisfaction with their efforts for curing their oral malodor was very low, only 5.6% of males and 6.6% of females were answered that there were satisfactory improvement in their oral malodor. Collectively, our result revealed that prevalence of oral malodor in public Koreans and their interest in oral malodor were much higher than our anticipation, and that patients satisfaction with improvement in oral malodor was short of their expectations. Considering the life quality of patients suffering from oral malodor, we conclude that developments of more improved diagnostic tools and treatment methods for oral malodor is indispensable in future.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.563-572
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• 2004

Since bacterial plaque is known as the major cause of every oral disease, it is necessary to control plaque to maintain periodontal health. Although tooth brushing has been the typical method of plaque control, additional use of plaque control devices are necessary for cleansing interdental areas. Dental floss has been used for a long time as the additional plaque control device and proved to be effective. The newly developed embossed new dental pick is composed of elastic plastic material in form with its tip longer than other toothpick. In addition, as thickness of the tip gradually increases, it can be adapted easily with minimal trauma to interdental gingiva. The embossed tip can remove dental plaque easily, and the opposite end can approach lingual and palatal areas through triple angulation. Therefore, the authors studied the effect of embossed new dental pick and dental floss on periodontally involved 15 patient. The following results were obtained. 1. For embossed new dental pick, probing depth at baseline, 1 week, 4 weeks were $3.6{\pm}0.6mm$, $3.4{\pm}0.5mm$, $3.2{\pm}0.5mm$, respectively, and $4.2{\pm}0.9mm$, $4.1{\pm}0.9mm$, $4.0{\pm}0.9mm$, respectivly for clinical attachment level. 2. In case of embossed new dental pick, bleeding on probing at baseline, 1 week, 4 weeks were $43.0{\pm}4.4%$, $28.5{\pm}5.1%$, $22.2{\pm}5.6%$, respectively, and, at 1 week and 4 weeks, they were significantly different from that of dental floss. 3. Gingival index of toαhpick at baseline, 1 week, 4 weeks were $1.7{\pm}0.5$, $1.0{\pm}0.3$, $0.9{\pm}0.2$, respectively, and, $1.7{\pm}0.5$, $1.1{\pm}0.4$, $1.0{\pm}0.4$, respectively for plaque index, and $3.0{\pm}0.5$, $1.7{\pm}0.5$, $1.4{\pm}0.4$, respectively for proximal plaque index. proximal plaque index at 4 weeks was significantly different from that of dental floss. 4. The result of questionnaire showed that the two types of device were both satisfactory, however, embossed new dental pick had higher preference as well as satisfaction. As a result, embossed new dental pick is thought to be clinically effective for its simplicity and good accessibility.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.202-213
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• 2009

본 연구는 농촌지역 청소년들의 건강행태를 도시지역 청소년들과 비교하기 위해 2005년에 실시한 전국청소년건강행태 온라인 조사 자료를 이용하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 흡연경험률, 중학교 입학전 흡연경험률, 음주빈도, 음주후 위험행동 경험률, 점심 및 저녁 결식, 과일 및 우유 섭취, 칫솔질 횟수, 구강질환 증상 경험, 구강 진료 경험, 구강 에방진료. 안전 및 위생의식 등의 행태에서 도시지역 청소년에 비해 바람직하지 못 한 결과를 보였다. 이러한 결과가 지역규모에 따른 차이인지 혹은 도농간의 사회경제적 수준의 격차와 관련이 있는지에 대하여 향후 추가적인 연구가 필요하다. 본 조사 결과를 통해 청소년 건강행태 개선을 위한 건강증진사업은 농촌 청소년을 대상으로 우선적으로 수행하여야 할 당위성을 확인하였다고 할 수 있다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.271-274
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• 2007

본 연구는 초등학생의 구강건강증진행위와 구강건강상태를 파악하고, 두 변수간의 관련성을 알아보고자 서울시에 위치한 4개 초등학교 5,6학년 학생 729명을 대상으로 설문조사와 구강검진자료를 분석한 결과, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 아동의 구강건강증진행위는 5점 만점에 3.51점이었고, 하위 영역별로 식이습관 3.82점으로 가장 높았고, 예방목적 치과이용이 3.43점, 잇솔질 방법 및 횟수 3.40점, 불소이용 3.39점 순으로 나타났다. 2. 아동의 우식영구치보유자율은 46.9%이었으며, 우식치아는 $1.66{\pm}2.32$개, 결손치아는 $0.03{\pm}0.24$개이었다. 3. 주관적 구강건강상태 인식과 우식치아와의 관계는 역 상관관계(r = -0.32)를 보였으며, 자신의 구강건강상태에 대한 인식이 긍정적일수록 우식치아가 적은 것으로 나타났다(p < 0.01). 4. 구강건강증진행위 하위영역 중 식이습관이 우식치아와 상관관계(r = -0.10)가 있는 것으로 나타나 식이습관이 좋을수록 우식치아가 적은 것으로 나타났다(p < 0.01). 이상의 결과를 근거로 초등학생의 구강건강은 올바른 구강건강증진행위의 실천으로 나타나므로 초등학생의 구강건강증진행위를 위한 구강보건교육의 개발과 적용이 이루어져야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.210-230
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• 1995

To compare the wear resistance of four kinds of commercial acrylic resin teeth [SR-Orthosit PosterioresR(Ivoclar Co., Liechtenstein), Endura PosteriorR(Shofu Inc. Japan), trubyte IPN teethR(Dentsply International Inc., York,), Trubyte BiotoneR(dentsply Inermational Inc. Brazil) by means of the toothbrush abrasion method, the artificial resin teeth were embedded in epoxy resin with the occlusal surfaces aligned in one plane for a total of 40 blocks. There after, each lock was mounted in the arm of the toothbrush abrasion machine(K 236, Japan). Wear measurements were made on the three preconditioned states. Those were as follows : no treatment specimens, thermocycled specimens, and thermocycled specimens which were immeresed applied load of 400g during the buring the brushing cycle. At the end of the 30,000-stroke cycle, each specimen was removed, and weighed. The microhardness of four kinds of commercial resin teeth were determined by means of microhardness tester. Microhardness tests were performed on te no treatment specimens, thermocycled specimens, and thermocycled specimens with immersion in the denture cleansing solution. Finally, the comparison of thermal properties were perfomed using differential scanning calorimeter(DSC-1500). The following results were obtained : 1. In the case of no treatment teeth, the wear amount of endura Posterior(EN) was the greatest among the others(p<0.01), and the wear amount of three kinds of artificial resin teeth was increased in the order of Trubyte IPN teeth(IN), Trubyte Biotone(BN), SR-Orthosit Posteriores(SN) but there was no statistic significance(p>0.01). 2. The wear amount of Trubyte IPN teeth(IT) and Trubyte Biotone(BT), was increased due to thermocycling effect, but that of Endura Posteriores(ET) was decreased conversely(p<0.01). 3. Except for the SR-Orthosit Posteriores(STC), the wear amount of three kinds of artificial resing teeth(that is, ETC, ITC, BTC) was increased due to denture cleansing solution$(Cledent^R)$, but there was no statistic significance(p>0.01). But the wear amount of the SR-Orthosit Posteriores(STC) was the greatest among the others(p<0.01). 4. The wear amount of toothbrush was the greatest in case of contact with occlusal surface of SROrthosit Posteriores resin teeth(p<0.01). 5. the microhardness values(KHN) of the SR-Orthosit Posteriores was the highest among the experimental artificial resin teeth(p<0.01). 6. There was no relationship between microhardness valuse(KHN) and wear amount of four kinds of experimental artificial resin teeth(p<0.01). 7. The differential canning calorimetric property of four kinds of artificial resin teeth did not show endothermal or exothermal peak in the range of $100^{\circ}C$

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.232-241
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• 2005

Today, the role of kindergarten is more important as nutrition provider through snack and meal services. Desirable kinds and amounts of food items at school lunch menu were important factors of nutrients intakes in children. This study was performed to assess the kindergarten's meal service program (snack and lunch) and the consumption amount of lunch according to each dishes. Twenty four institutions that cared over one hundred children were observed at Seoul and Kyunggido area. Well-trained observers checked meal and snack serving activity and foodservice facilities by formal checklist. And using the weighing method assessed the consumption levels of food items at lunch. During 3 days, 30 children in each kindergarten were selected randomly according to age, observers measured serving and residual weight of each food. The data was compiles by performing ANOVA-test using SPSS WIN 10.0. The result were as follows: 1) Foodservice facilities in kindergarten was limited to provide qualified foodservice. $91.7\%$ of institution had kitchen, $41.7\%$ had dinning. The kitchen equipment possession rate was $12.5\%$ (oven), $30.8\%$ (heating cabinet), $58.3\%$ (refrigerator). The rate of using document about foodservice was used $83.3\%$ (menu list), $41.7\%$ (daily foodservice record), $25\%$ (standard recipe). $41.7\%$ of institution employed licensed dietitian. Only $41.7\%$ of subjects preserved meal after daily meal service. 2) Meal serving size was decided by teacher, $54.5\%$ at snack and $43\%$ at lunch and pre-divided individual portion type was $36.4\%$ at snack and $28.6\%$ at lunch. The rate of cleaning activity before meal was $72.2\%$ at snack, $90.5\%$ at lunch. And nutrition or sanitation education activity was more performed at lunch time, for examples brushing teeth activity was $12.5\%$ at snack $85.7\%$ at lunch. 3) The consumption amounts of plain cooked rice was $112.7{\pm}26.1{\cal}g$, cooked rice and cereal was $93.06{\pm}27.97{\cal}g$, curry rice was $208.35{\pm}64.84{\cal}g$ and the consumption amounts of these main dishes was significantly different by age (p < 0.001). The consumption amounts of soup was very different according to children's preference. The consumption amounts of seaweed soup was $120.18{\pm}82.13{\cal}g$, wild sesame and bean-paste soup was $40.64{\pm}23.16{\cal}g$. The consumption range of kimchis was from $6{\cal}g\;to\;13{\cal}g$, jorim (braised food) was from $3{\cal}g\;to\;25{\cal}g$, fried food (include stir fried, deep fat fried, pan fried) was from $14.5{\cal}g\;to\;22{\cal}g$, vegetable dish was from $3{\cal}g\;to\;16{\cal}g$. These consumption amount of each dishes was not reached recommended portion size of nutritionally planning menu by nutritionist.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2008

치아 우식증과 침식증의 진단과 예방에 있어 구강 내 환경, 특히 산도를 정밀하게 평가하는 것은 매우 중요한 일이다. 본 연구는 구강 내의 산도측정을 위한 기존 방법들의 단점을 보완하고자 구강 내 무선 pH 원격측정 방법을 개발하고, 실제로 측정시의 효율성을 얻기 위해 시행되었다. 구강 외로 부착되는 부가적인 장치 없이 구강 내에만 장착하여 24시간 이상 수소이온농도지수(이하 pH)를 측정할 수 있는 무선 원격측정장치를 개발하고, 정확한 산도의 측정이 가능한지를 검증하였다. 그리고 이 장치를 실제 구강 내에 장착하여 피검자로 하여금 24시간 동안의 시간별 상세한 섭식과 활동 내용, 수면 상태를 기록하도록 하고 24시간 후 구강으로부터 수거하여 지난 24시간 동안의 pH의 변화를 획득하고 분석하였다. 그 결과, 구강 내 장치와 구강 외 장치로 이루어진 구강 내 무선 pH 원격측정방법의 개발에 성공하였으며 24시간 동안 피검자의 구강 내 pH 변화를 측정한 결과, 피검자가 실제 섭취하였던 시간과 음식 종류에 일치하게 측정치를 얻을 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통하여 장시간 무선 pH 원격측정방법을 이용하여 구강 내 pH를 측정할 수 있게 됨으로써, 기존의 유선 pH 원격측정방법이 가진 한계점을 극복할 수 있게 되어 구강 내 환경이나 우식학과 관련된 보다 광범위한 연구가 가능하게 될 것이다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권11호
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• pp.5079-5086
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• 2011

이 연구의 목적은 치기공과 학생들의 구강위생관리 실태 및 지식을 파악하여 지역사회의 구강건강을 향상시킬 수 있는 동기를 부여하고, 구강보건 교육에 도움이 되고자 함이다. 조사대상자는 충청도 소재 대학의 치기공과에 재학 중인 학생 160명을 대상으로 2010년 11월 10부터 12월 9일까지 설문조사를 실시하였고, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 일반적 특성에 따른 구강관리 지식차이는 성별로 남자가 여자보다 높았고, 연령별로는 연령이 높아질수록 높았고, 학년별 항목에서는 학년이 높을수록 높았고, 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 구강위생관리 실태에 따른 구강관리지식차이는 일일 잇솔질 횟수가 5회 이상에서 가장 높았고, 잇솔질 방법은 옆으로 치아만 한다에서 높았다. 치간 칫솔 이용유무 항목에서는 사용한다가 높았고, 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 따라서 전반적인 구강위생관리 실태는 구강보건교육의 경험이 있는 치기공과 학생들이 양호한 것으로 나타났으며, 이를 통해 수업시간에 계속적으로 구강보건교육을 받고 익히는 사람들에게서 구강건강관리가 달라지는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이에 지역사회에서도 구강보건교육의 기회를 확대시켜 국민의 구강건강을 향상시키도록 해야하겠다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.95-113
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to investigate the state of the dental health of adults, used self-reporting qestionnaire as objects of 923 residents living in nine districts at random among the sites of eleven town located in a County. The level of knowledge on dental health of adults in a County was 65.6 points out of 100 points, comparatively low. Accodingly, it is necessary for entire adults to have a dental health-related education and get high standard of knowledge. Especially, educational approach should be performed for groups of 40-49 years old, 50-59 years old, above 60 years old, male, no educational background, having only elementary and middle school education, not having any jobs, engaging in agriculture, doing business on their own and so on. When planning the contents of health education, one actually has to include the habit of amalgam, the factor in influencing on dental health as well as show an example such as how to brush teeth, checking point of proper brushing, how to grip toothbrush. The attitude score related to dental heath was 71.2 points out of 100 points, relatively low. Consequently, the change of attitude related the dental health among entire adults is necessary, particularily, the strategical approach is essential to change dental health connected to attitude positively for groups of male, having high school education background, office workers and the civil service. Besides, among dental health related symtoms, more that 30-40％ of objects showed negative attitude toward as the following cases; in case that plaque or food debris are attached to the teeth (40.8％), upper and lower teeth do not fit together(40.3％), you cannot sleep well because of toothache(31.0％), more than one tooth fall out(31.0％), you have loosing teeth(30.6％), the approach should be conducted to form attitude that dental care is necessry. The state of dental health through dental health related symtoms was 33.3 points out of 100 points, which was fairly satisfactory. However, dental treatment for the state of dental health should be executed in case of comparison of the dental health state according to general characteristics, the group who are above 60 years old, have elementary school education background, engage in aggriculture who are not good in dental health state as opposed to other groups. Furthermore, there should be dental care needs according to dental health related symtoms, particularly, more than 60-70％ of objects have experienced symtoms that plaque or food debris attached to the teeth, tartar is on the teeth so dental treatment should be peformed for a large number of adults. In addition, for the people who have indications that there was a cavity, more than one tooth loss, chilled teeth, toothache when chewing, loose teeth, upper and lower teeth do not fit together, you cannnt sleep well due to the toothach, etc, there should be care through dental treatment. The actual conditions of the hygine of the mouth was relatively good and the difference of the actual state of dental health care in terms of general characteristics showed in only gender; female was more careful in dental health. Comparing the state of oral health synthetically, when they have symtoms, only 34.8％ of objects go to a dentist, 60.7％ are using passive or negative care such as gargling, tolerating or ignoring. There was many symtoms to care through dental therapy such as plaque or food debris get in between the teeth, tartar on the teeth, teeth are very cold, more than one tooth fallout, loose teeth, there is wrong amalgam, and so on, among symtoms to care passively or negatively. Therefore the education for proper treatment program should be performed. As a result of dental health-related knowlege, attitude, health state, verification of correlation between the actual condition of care, the higher the dental heath-related knowldege becomes, the more positive the dental health-related attitude is, and the state of dental health, that is, the standard of the symtom of dental health diminishes. the care for dental health executed through more active method and the more positive dental health-related attitude is, the more active means they performed. Consequently, the high level of dental health-related knowledge should be necessary, the more positive the dental health-related attitude was, the more active method they adopted, therefore, the program is needed to form attitude related to the dental health positively. As the knowledge on dental health is increasing, the attitude is also positive, after all, the plan to increase the standard of knowledge on dental health should be contrived through education program related to dental health.