• KSBB Journal
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.175-182
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• 1990

Protoplasts, isolated from leaf of N. tabacum NR-/SR+ and N. glottnosa were electrofused and divided with a plating efficiency of 30∼35% in AAPI 9M medium. Green callus lines were selected in protoplast-derived colonies on MSNO3 selection medium with 1.2mg/ml streptomycin sulfate on the basis of nitrate reductase proficiency and streptomycin resistance. Four putative hybrid plant lines regenerated from the green callus lines had intermediate morphology between that of parents with respect to floral shape, corolla length and ovate leaf blade. Zymograms of leaf peroxidase and esterase from these putative hybrid plant lines showed isozyme profiles derived from both parents and also, they exhibited additional and lost bands. Cytological analysis of two putative hybrid plant lines gave chromosome counts of 2n=66 in L22 and 2n=54 in L44 which were less than the expected number of N. tabacum(2n=48) and N. glutinosa(2n=24).

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.61-72
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• 1984

The concept of natural grouping of plant designated as the "Amentiferous" is no longer given serious credence, and many of the families included in this grouping have been dispersed in diverse order. Because a review of taxonomic treatments of amentiferous taxa reveals diverse classifications, it has become necessary to investigate new characteristics and attempt to determine the significance of these characteristics in terms of amentiferous taxonomy. Protein analyses by isoelectrofocusing(IEF) and rocket immunoelectrophoresis(RIE) have proved to be useful in the delicitation of Quercus taxa using pollen extracts from selected taxa. When Quercus pollen extracts were separated by electrophoresis based on their isoelectric points in a stable pH gradient and substrates for estrase activity were stained, ten bands were revealed between pH 5-14. Within Lepidobalanus grouping, a great diversity in the pollen protein zymograms was observed with some segregation corresponding to the designated taxonomic sections. Two taxa of Cyclobalanopsis produced a zymogram that is somewhat similar to taxa included within the section Prinus of Lepidobalanus, and less similar to taxa within the section Cerris of the same subgenus. Three tested taxa of the Cerris are in the similar zymogram each other, being segregable from the taxa of Prinus. Quantitative and qualitative analyses for serological relationships within and among th Quercus were also employed. To calculate the degree of protein similarity, total rocket heights obtained from RIE provided an index of serological correspondence(SC). It is reconfirmed that the Quercus is distantly separated from the Fagus according to SC. Comparative data from rocket number and SC in the tested taxa of Quercus also indicate that Lepidobalanus is separable from Cyclobalanopsis. Within the Lepidobalanus Q. acutissima and Q. acutissima x variabilis are almost homogeneors and distinguishable from the other tested taxa of same subgenus. Although the number of taxa tested has been limited, the overall serological evidence best reflects the classification proposed by Redher(1940) and Melchior (1964), having the genus Quercus subdivided into three subgunera: Erythrobalanus, Lepidobalanus, and Cyclobalanopsis.alanopsis.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.1269-1275
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• 2006

The selection of multienzyme complex-producing bacteria under aerobic condition was conducted for improving the degradation of lignocellulosic substances. The criteria for selection were cellulase and xylanase enzyme production, the presence of cellulose-binding domains and/or xylan-binding domains in enzymes to bind to insoluble substances, the adhesion of bacterial cells to insoluble substances, and the production of multiple cellulases and xylanases in a form of a high molecular weight complex. Among the six Bacillus strains, isolated from various sources and deposited in our laboratory, Paenibacillus curdlanolyticus B-6 strain was the best producer of cellulase and xylanase enzymes, which have both cellulose-binding factors (CBFs) and xylan-binding factors (XBFs). Moreover, multiple carboxymethyl cellulases (CMCases) and xylanases were produced by the strain B-6. The zymograms analysis showed at least 9 types of xylanases and 6 types of CMCases associated in a protein band of xylanase and cellulase with high molecular weight. These cells also enabled to adhere to both avicel and insoluble xylan, which were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The results indicated that the strain B-6 produced the multienzyme complex, which may be cellulosome or xylanosome. Thus, P. curdlanolyticus B-6 was selected to study the role and interaction between the enzymes and their substrates and the cooperation of multiple enzymes to enhance the hydrolysis due to the complex structure for efficient cellulases and xylanases degradation of insoluble polysaccharides.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 1973

Using of zymography for identification of same clone of Pinus densiflora, the two year old needle leaves of 48 ramtes including 8 clones (6 ramets per clone) were collected in the clone bank which has been established on the near campus of Institute of Forest Genetics, Suwon, in 1962. All 8 bands are named from cathod to anode, G, H, K, M, N, Q, S and Y. Only CB-1 clone shows all bands, while KW-3 clone reveals only 5 bands. Other 6 clones were found 7 bands but the occurred frequencies of those bands are variable among those clones. Though the grafting stock are used various individuals grown seed propagation of P. densiflora, moreover, three stocks have been different species and that one has been P. rigida and two individuals have been P. koraiensis, the zymograms of the ramets belonging to the same clone reveals the identified patterns. The results show that the stocks for grafting have not been affected on the isoperoxidase patterns of their scions in P. densiflora. Among 48 ramets of 8 clones, 4 ramets are found the different isoperoxidase patterns from that of the remained rametes within same clone. Thus, it is conluded that zymography is useful for testing genuineness of the grafted clones of P. densiflora.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.125-136
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• 1980

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the electrophoretic patterns of ADH isozymes and activity at various developmental stages of Oregon-R and Kwangju strains of D. melanogaster. The ADH isozymes were seperated by agarose gel plate eletrophoresis and they were stained for ADH activity study. The optical density was measured by using densitometer and the total activity was determined by measuring the enzyme solution's absorbance of 340 nm by spectrophotometer. The results are as follows: 1. At egg stages of Oregon-R and Kwangju strains ADH 2, ADH 3, ADH 4 were observed in te zymograms, but all of ADH 1, ADH 2, ADH 3, ADH 4 and ADH 5 were detected in larval, pupal and imaginal stages. 2. The amount of ADH 1+ADH 2 (anion) was 20-40% and that of ADH 3+ADH 4+ADH 5 (cation) was 60-805. In the developmental stages other, than egg stages, ADH 3 of both strains showed the largest amount among all ADH isozymes, and especially ADH 4 of Kwangju strain showed less amount than that of Oregon-R strain. 3. The total activity of the ADH at the egg stage was found to be the lowest, at larval stage became to be higher and to be lower at pupal stage and then became to be the highest at the imaginal stage. It is noticeable that the activity of the ADH in Kwangju strain was higher than that in Oregon-R strain.