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  • Title/Summary/Keyword: ZnS:Cu,Al

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Feasibility Study on the Multi-functional Ceramics using Industrial By-product for Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage (산성광산배수 처리를 위한 산업부산물 소재 다기능성 세라믹의 적용 가능성 연구)

  • Lee, Yeong-Nam;Yim, Soo-Bin
    • Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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    • v.18 no.12
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    • pp.25-36
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    • 2017
  • This research was conducted to investigate the removal characteristics of heavy metals and sulfate ion from acid mine drainage (AMD) by multi-functional zeolite-slag ceramics (ZS ceramics), in which natural zeolite and converter slag were mixed and calcined at high temperature. The batch test showed that the removal efficiency of heavy metals by pellet-type ZS ceramics increased as the mixing weight ratio of converter slag to natural zeolite increased. The optimal mixing ratio of natural zeolite to converter slag for the removal of heavy metals and sulfate ion from AMD was observed to be 1:2~1:3. The adequate calcination temperature and time of ZS ceramics for the treatment of AMD were found to be 600800C and 2 hours, respectively. The removal test of heavy metals and sulfate ion from AMD by the ZS ceramics prepared in optimal condition exhibited very high removal efficiencies close to 100% for all heavy metals (Al, As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn) and 77.1% for sulfate ion. The experimental results in this study revealed that the ZS ceramics could function as an effective agent for the treatment of AMD.

Quality Characteristics of Cold-air and Infrared-dried Peaches (냉풍 및 적외선 건조에 따른 건조 복숭아의 품질 특성)

  • Lee, Hye-Lim;Youn, Kwang-Sup
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.485-491
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    • 2012
  • This study was conducted to investigate the pH, soluble solid contents, color difference, mineral contents, free sugar contents, and sensory quality of infrared- and cold-air-dried peaches. The pH, soluble solid contents, and free sugar contents of the infrared-dried peaches were higher than those of the cold-air-dried peaches. In the Hunter's color value, the L and ΔE values of the infrared-dried peaches were higher than those of the cold-air-dried peaches; but the a and b values of the cold-air-dried peaches were higher than those of the infrared-dried peaches. The major organic acids of the dried peaches were citric acid, malic acid, and oxalic acid. The minerals with the highest to lowest contents, in that order, were K, Mg, Ca, Na, Fe, Zn, Cu, and Al. The mineral contents of the cold-air-dried peaches were higher than those of the infrared-dried peaches. The appearance and taste of the infrared-dried peaches were better than those of the cold-air-dried peaches. These results indicate that infrared drying is the effective drying method for the production of high-quality dried peaches.

Chemical Properties of Indoor Individual Particles Collected at the Daily Behavior Spaces of a Factory Worker

  • Ma, Chang-Jin;Kang, Gong-Unn;Sakai, Takuro
    • Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.122-130
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    • 2017
  • The main purpose of the study was to clarify the properties of individual particles collected at each behavior space of a factory worker. The samplings of size-segregated (PM2.11.1 and PM4.73.3) indoor particles were conducted at three different behavior spaces of a factory worker who is engaged in an auto parts manufacturing plant (i.e., his home, his work place in factory, and his favorite restaurant). Elemental specification (i.e., relative elemental content and distribution in and/or on individual particles) was performed by a micro-PIXE system. Every element detected from the coarse particulate matters of home was classified into three groups, i.e., a group of high net-counts (Na, Al, and Si), a group of intermediate net-counts (Mg, S, Cl, K, and Ca), and a group of minor trace elements (P, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb). The results of EF for PM4.73.3 in home indicated that several heavy metals were generated from the sources within the house itself. An exceptional feature shown in the individual particles in workplace is that Cr, Mn, and Co were clearly detected in both fine and coarse particles. Cluster analysis suggested that the individual coarse particles (PM4.73.3) collected at the indoor of factory were chemically heterogeneous and they modified with sea-salt, mineral, and artificially derived elements. The principal components in individual coarse particles collected at restaurant were sea-salt and mineral without mixing with harmful trace elements like chromium and manganese. Compared to the indoor fine particles of home and restaurant, many elements, especially, Cl, Na, Cr, Mn, Pb, and Zn showed overwhelmingly high net-counts in those of factory.

Variation of TSP Compositions in Accordance with the Pathways of Inflowing Air Mass at Jeju Island (제주지역 TSP의 기류 유입경로별 조성 변화)

  • Ko, Hee-Jung;Kim, Won-Hyung;Lee, Min-Young;Song, Jung-Min;Kang, Chang-Hee;Kim, Yong-Pyo
    • Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.347-357
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    • 2011
  • The TSP aerosols were collected at Gosan site of Jeju Island between 2003 and 2007, and their aerosol components were analyzed to examine the variations of chemical compositions with the corresponding pathways of inflowing air parcels. According to the comparison of seasonal aerosol compositions, the soil-originated components showed remarkably high concentrations during spring season. On the other hand, the concentrations of anthropogenic components were somewhat high in spring and summer seasons, but low in fall season. Based on the comparison of TSP compositions in relation to the pathways of inflowing air mass, the concentrations of anthropogenic components (nss-SO24, S, NO3), soil-originated components (nss-Ca2+, Al, Fe, Ca), and the heavy metals (e,g., Mn, Zn, Cr, Pb, Cu, Cd, etc.) have relatively increased with the air mass moving from China continent into Jeju area. Meanwhile, the marine-originated components showed an increasing trend with the air mass coming from North Pacific Ocean. In the seasonal and sectional comparison, the nss-SO24, NO3, nss-Ca2+, and Al showed comparatively high concentrations when the air mass moved from China continent during all seasons. Especially, the NO3, nss-Ca2+, and Al concentrations were somewhat high when the air mass moved from Korean Peninsula during summer season. It was also recognized that the Na+ concentration were high, when the air mass moved from Pacific Ocean through all seasons.

Cadmium Adsorption by Natural Zeolite (천연(天然) Zeolite에 의(依)한 Cadmium의 흡착(吸着))

  • Kim, Young-Kyung;Lee, Jyung-Jae;Choi, Jyung
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.101-105
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    • 1986
  • An adsorption and desorption experiment was conducted to utilize natural zeolite as cadmium adsorbent in wastewater. Adsorption of cadmium by natural zeolite was conformed to Freundlich's adsorption equation and natural zeolite was found to be effective adsorbent. The higher the cadmium concentration of solution, the more the adsorption amount of cadmium was and the adsorption was in the order of $Ca-<Nontreated-<H-{\leqq}Al-<Nazeolite$. Ion selectivity of natural zeolite in mixed solution increased in the order of Cd$NaCl<CaCl_2<AlCl_3<HCl$.

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Physicochemical properties of deposited particles on surface of pine leaves as biomarker for air pollution (솔잎가지 표면에 침착된 입자상 물질의 물리화학적 특성 및 대기오염 지표로서의 가능성 고찰)

  • Chung, David;Choi, Jeong-Heui;Lee, Jang-Ho;Lee, Soo-Yong;Lee, Ha-Eun;Park, Ki-Wan;Shim, Kyu-Young;Lee, Jong-Chun
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.31 no.6
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    • pp.247-258
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    • 2018
  • The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether the degree of air pollution can be evaluated via examination of local plants. Selected sites included two parks in an industrial area, as well as two parks in an urban area. Selected plant samples comprised one-year-old pine shoot leaves. Leaves growing over 2 m from the ground were collected from over 10 pine trees. Leaf surface was analyzed for deposition of 14 trace elements and 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), including particle size and mass, surface imaging, precipitation-mediated particle removal rate, and concentration. Particle size ranged from 0.4 to 200μm, and the volume percentage of particles 10 was 20 %. Deposited particle mass ranged from 0.450-0.825 mg, and precipitation-mediated removal rate ranged from 10.0-27.6 %. Trace element concentration, as measured by ICP/MS after microwave acid digestion, was 18.8-26.3 mg/kg As, 0.08-0.13 mg/kg Be, 0.06-0.08 mg/kg Cd, 4.91-17.8 mg/kg Cr, 5.26-405 mg/kg Cu, 1,930-2,670 mg/kg Fe, 3.03-28.1 mg/kg Pb, 26.9-42.8 mg/kg Mn, 2.66-10.4 mg/kg Ni, 4,560-8,730 mg/kg Al, 2,500-6,120 mg/kg Ba, 5.27-17.8 mg/kg Rb, 40.9-95.3 mg/kg Sr, and 4,030-8,260 mg/kg Zn. Concentration of PAHs, as analyzed by GC/MS/MS after liquid-liquid extraction and purification of deposited particles, ranged from 1.17 to 12.378 mg/kg for ΣPAH16 and from 1.17 to 12.378 mg/kg for ΣPAH7.

Seasonal Variation of Mineral Nutrients in Korean Common Fruits and Vegetables (한국인 상용 과일과 채소의 계절별 무기질 함량 변화)

  • Kim, Ju-Hyeon;Kim, Mee-Jeong;Oh, Hyun-Kyung;Chang, Moon-Jeong;Kim, Sun-Hee
    • Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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    • v.17 no.6
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    • pp.860-875
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    • 2007
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the seasonal variation in the mineral contents of fruits and vegetables available all the year -round. We analyzed Na, K, Mg, Ca, P, Fe Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Se, and Al concentrations by ICP-mass in 4 fruits and 17 vegetables items which are frequently consumed in Koreans. For Na content, fall apples showed the highest levels among 4 seasons, but fall tangerines contained the lowest amount of Na among the four seasons. Among the vegetables, the spinach, carrots, and lettuce contained relatively high amounts of Na. The K contents of cucumbers, cabbage, and zucchini were higher in the fall than in the other seasons. For Ca and Fe contents, spring strawberries, fall pears, and fall cabbage had the highest levels. The Cr contents of the apples were higher in the fall and winter than those were in the spring and summer. The strawberries contained their highest amounts of Cr, Mn, and Cu in the spring. The above results showed there are seasonal differences in the mineral contents of fruits and vegetables. Additionally, the fruits and vegetables tended to contain more minerals in the season they were harvested. Therefore, it is recommended to consume those fruits and vegetables during their harvest season.

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Trace element concentrations profiles in the hair of normal children living in the northern area of Seoul (서울 북부지역에 거주하는 정상 아동의 모발 미네랄 함량)

  • Kwon, Ji Won;Kim, Byung Eui;Park, Mi Jung;Kim, Sang Woo
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • v.49 no.1
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    • pp.18-23
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    • 2006
  • Purpose : The reliability of hair mineral analyses regarding nutritional status, environmental exposure or diseases is controversial. The aim of this study was to determine the normal reference range of hair mineral concentration of Korean children. Methods : We examined hair mineral concentrations of 223 children(3-12 yrs old, 110 boys, 113 girls, mean age 8.8±2.2 yrs old) living in the northern area of Seoul. The trace elements including six toxic elements(Al, As, Cd, Ba, Hg, Pb) and 11 nutritional elements(Na, Mg, P, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Se) were analyzed by inductive coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS). Results : The mean concentrations of Ca and Mg were higher in girls than in boys. The mean concentrations of Cd, Pb and Cr were higher in boys than girls. The Zn, Ca, Mg, Cu and Hg levels in hair samples were positively correlated with increasing age. The Zn levels of the Korean children's hair samples appear to be lower than that of other countries' reference values. Conclusion : There are considerable differences in hair mineral concentrations by age, sex and race. Additional research is needed to establish Korean reference values, and to evaluate the usefulness of hair mineral analyses as a screening tool for nutrition- and environment-related childhood diseases.

Element Dispersion and Wallrock Alteration from Samgwang Deposit (삼광광상의 모암변질과 원소분산)

  • Yoo, Bong-Chul;Lee, Gil-Jae;Lee, Jong-Kil;Ji, Eun-Kyung;Lee, Hyun-Koo
    • Economic and Environmental Geology
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    • v.42 no.3
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    • pp.177-193
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    • 2009
  • The Samgwang deposit consists of eight massive mesothermal quartz veins that filled NE and NW-striking fractures along fault zones in Precambrian granitic gneiss of the Gyeonggi massif. The mineralogy and paragenesis of the veins allow two separate discrete mineralization episodes(stage I=quartz and calcite stage, stage II-calcite stage) to be recognized, temporally separated by a major faulting event. The ore minerals are contained within quartz and calcite associated with fracturing and healing of veins that occurred during both mineralization episodes. The hydrothermal alteration of stage I is sericitization, chloritization, carbonitization, pyritization, silicification and argillization. Sericitic zone occurs near and at quartz vein and include mainly sericite, quartz, and minor illite, carbonates and chlorite. Chloritic zone occurs far from quartz vein and is composed of mainly chlorite, quartz and minor sericite, carbonates and epidote. Fe/(Fe+Mg) ratios of sericite and chlorite range 0.45 to 0.50(0.48±0.02) and 0.74 to 0.81(0.77±0.03), and belong to muscovite-petzite series and brunsvigite, respectiveIy. Calculated AlIV-FE/(FE+Mg) diagrams of sericite and chlorite suggest that this can be a reliable indicator of alteration temperature in Au-Ag deposits. Calculated activities of chlorite end member are a3(Fe5Al2Si3O10(OH)6=0.02750.0413, a2(Mg5Al2Si3O10(OH)6=1.18E-107.79E-7, a1(Mg6Si4O10(OH)6=4.92E-109.29E-7. It suggest that chlorite from the Samgwang deposit is iron-rich chlorite formed due to decreasing temperature from high temperature(T>450C). Calculated αNa+, αK+, αCa2+, αMg2+ and pH values during wallrock alteration are 0.0476(400C), 0.0863(350C), 0.0154(400C), 0.0231(350C), 2.42E-11(400C), 7.07E-10(350C), 1.59E-12(400C), 1.77E-11(350C), 5.46.4(400C), 5.35.7(350C)respectively. Gain elements(enrichment elements) during wallrock alteration are TiO2, Fe2O3(T),CaO, MnO, MgO, As, Ag, Cu, Zn, Ni, Co, W, V, Br, Cs, Rb, Sc, Bi, Nb, Sb, Se, Sn and Lu. Elements(Ag, As, Zn, Sc, Sb, Rb, S, CO2) represents a potential tools for exploration in mesothermal and epithermal gold-silver deposits.

Adsorption of Heavy Metal Cations by Fe and Al Hydroxides (철, 알루미늄 수산화물에 의한 중금속 Ion의 흡착)

  • Lee, Jyung-Jae;Chang, Sang-Moon;Choi, Jyung
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.105-113
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    • 1995
  • Adsorption experiments of heavy metal cations by Fe- and Al-hydroxides was conducted to obtain clear information on their adsorption mechanisms. The adsorption isothermal curves of heavy metal cations by Fe- and Al-hydroxides conformed to Langmuir's equation. Increasing the crystallinity degree of Fe- and Al-hydroxides tended to decrease the adsorption capacity and binding energy of heavy metal cations. At the same crystallinity degree, Al-hydroxide showed higher adsorption capacity and energy for the heavy metal cations than Fe-hydroxide. The adsorption capacity and energy of heavy metal cations were directly related to CEC, specific surface area and charge density of hydroxides, and the sequence was in the order of Cu++ > Zn++ > Cd++. The adsorption mechanism of M++ form of heavy metal could be presumed as the specific adsorption of M++ and the desorption of two H+ from the surface aquo(OH2) and/or hydroxo(-OH) group for each mole of M++ adsorbed. A ring structure between M++ and two surface aquo and/or hydroxo groups was postulated. Nonspecific adsorption involved the adsorption of MCl+ and the desorption of one H+ from the surface aquo and/or hydroxo groups for each mole of M++ adsorbed. A single bond structure in which MCl+ replaced one H+ from the surface aquo and/or hydroxo groups was postulated. The ratio of specific to nonspecific adsorption increased with increasing pH.

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