• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.104-112
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• 2006

ZigBee is the emerging industrial standard for ad hoc networks based on IEEE 802.15.4. It is used for low data rate and low power wireless network applications. Expected applications of ZigBee include wireless sensor networks for remote monitoring, home control, and industrial automation. Since one of the most important design goals of ZigBee is to reduce the installation and running costs, the ZigBee stack is embedded in the cheap and small micro-controller unit. The hierarchical routing algorithm is used for ZigBee end devices which have very limited resources. Using the block addressing scheme, end devices can send data to the destination without a routing table. However, hierarchical routing has the problem that the packets follow the tree hierarchy to the destination even if the destination is located nearby. In this paper, we propose a scheme to improve the hierarchical routing algorithm in ZigBee networks by employing the neighbor table that is originally used together with the routing table. We suggest selecting the neighbor node that has the minimum remaining hops to the destination as the next hop node. Simulation result shows that the proposed scheme saves more than 30% of the hop counts compared with the original hierarchical routing.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.7B
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• pp.703-709
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• 2009

Recently, we are using wireless system based on ZigBee technology. It solves a complicated space and frequency movement. Then, we had studied it for improved performance. So, we are must concerned about routing protocol for improvement of a weak point of physical feature. But many researchers are not focusiong on developing Routing Protocol. In this paper, we proposed improved routing protocol using AODV for wireless system based on ZigBee technology. And it is analyzed the simulation result which compare with original and improved AODV protocol based on ZigBee network.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.12B
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• pp.1475-1482
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• 2009

In ZigBee network, using energy efficiently is necessary because ZigBee node works by battery. To use energy efficiently, it is one of the way to reduce unnecessary network traffic. In this paper, it presents efficient shortcut routing algorithm using depth of destination node in ZigBee network. In traditional tree routing, each node transfers data only to its own parent or child node, which is inefficient way. Efficient shortcut routing algorithm is also based on tree routing. However, we suggests the algorithm with using neighbor table and depth of destination that is able to transfer data to other neighbor node, not only to parent or child node. It minimizes coordinator bottleneck state and unnecessary intermediate routing path which happens in traditional tree routing.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.920-926
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• 2007

Establishing a fixed path for the message delivery through a wireless network is impossible due to the mobility. Among the number of routing protocols that have been proposed for wireless ad-hoc networks, the AODV(Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector) algorithm is suitable in the case of highly dynamic topology changes, along with ZigBee Routing(ZBR), with the exception of route maintenance. Accordingly, this paper introduces a routing scheme focusing on the energy efficiency and route discovery time for wireless alarm systems using IEEE 802.15.4-based ZigBee. Essentially, the proposed routing algorithm utilizes a cluster structure and applies ZBR within a cluster and DSR (Dynamic Source Routing) between clusters. The proposed algorithm does not require a routing table for the cluster heads, as the inter-cluster routing is performed using DSR. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated and compared with ZBR using an NS2 simulator. The results confirm that the proposed Cluster-based AODV (CAODV) algorithm is more efficient than ZBR in terms of the route discovery time and energy consumption.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.137-148
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• 2012

In this paper, we proposed the location-aware coordinate routing algorithm for improving the performance of routing algorithm by using ZigBee in Smart Grid environment. A distributed address allocation scheme used an existing algorithm that has wasted in address space. The x, y and z coordinate axes from divided address space of 16 bit to solve this problems. However, coordinate routing does not take account of wireless link condition. If wiress link condition is not considered, when the routing table is updated, the nodes with bad link conditions are updated in the routing table and can be chosen as the next hop. This brings out the retransmissions because of received packet's errors. Also, because of these retransmissions, additional power is consumed. In this paper, we propose the location-aware coordinate routing algorithm considering wiress link condition, where reliable data transmission is made and the consumed enegy is minimize. and we compared and connected region and transition region of ZigBee location based routing in the aspect of average number of multi hops, subordinate packet delivery ratio, delay time, and energy consumption of proposed algorithm. It turned out that there were improvements in performances of each items.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.168-170
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• 2006

In this paper, authors realize water AMR(Automatic Meter Reading) network using low power ZigBee protocol included routing ability for improving wireless communitation error detection and network range. ZigBee wireless standard is an important standard of the field related Ubiquitous industry and recently has application to Home-Network. It's special features are to spend low power and to include routing ability each terminator. Because of these features, authors realize water AMR system on Embedded system using ZigBee protocol for applying to transfer data between a water meter and RF module equipped with a water meter in each house.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.704-711
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• 2011

This paper proposes hybrid distributed stochastic addressing (HDSA), which combines the advantages of distributed addressing and stochastic addressing, to solve the problems encountered when constructing a network in a ZigBee-based wireless sensor network. HDSA can assign all the addresses for ZigBee beyond the limit of addresses assigned by the existing distributed address assignment mechanism. Thus, it can make the network scalable and can also utilize the advantages of tree routing. The simulation results reveal that HDSA has better addressing performance than distributed addressing and better routing performance than other on-demand routing methods.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.1284-1294
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• 2010

The ZigBee is one of the most important technologies for composing USN. It is one of the IEEE 802.15.4 standards to support personal area networks. It uses a hierarchical routing or an on-demand route discovery strategy as an address allocation method. A hierarchical routing doesn't use a routing table but only uses a child node or a parent node as an intermediate node for data delivery. Therefore, the ZigBee network's topology greatly affects the overall network performance. In this paper, we propose a more trustworthy algorithm than only using the depth and widely variable LQI during network formation, and moreover we propose an algorithm to measure network's trustworthiness. We simulate our algorithm using the NS-2 and implement our network using the MG2400 ZigBee module for verifying performance.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.131-132
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• 2007

In this paper, we designed and implemented bio-signals transmission and storage system using wireless sensor network based on ZigBee. Wireless sensor network is organized with routing protocol based on tree structure. The data is transmitted to monitoring system based on SIP. ZigBee will be used as various combinations with other wireless network technologies for application purposes.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.11A
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• pp.1164-1172
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• 2007

To solve scalability problem in the ZigBee Network, this paper presents a new mesh routing protocol for ZigBee, called ZigBee Cluster Label (ZiCL). ZiCL divides the ZigBee network into one or more logical clusters and then assigns a unique Cluster Label to each cluster so that it discovers a route of a destination node based on Cluster Label. When a node collects new Cluster Label information of a destination node according to discovery based on Cluster Label, ZiCL encourages nodes with the same Cluster Label to share the information. Consequen tly, it contributes on reducing numerical potential route discoveries and improving network performances such as routing overhead, end-to-end delay, and packet delivery ratio. Simulation results using NS-2 show ZiCL performs well.