• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.292-301
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• 2001

The ichthyofauna and fish community of the Gap stream water system were studied at 17 sites from March to December, 2000. It was confirmed the presence of 36 species,29 genera in 8 families. Twenty-five species in Cyprinidae was accounted for 69.4% of the total, four species in Cobitidae 11.1% of the total species number. The dominant species in the Gap stream water system was Zacco platypus (relative abundant 52.0%), the subdominant species was Carassius auratus (9.2%). The major dominant species in the each tributary of the Gap stream water system were Zacco platypus (Daejeon stream, 87.0%; Yoodeung stream, 41.5%; Gap stream, 47.5%). Number of Korean endemic species was 12 species in the Gap stream water system and that was a 24.5% of the total Korean endemic species. Ten rare species accounted for less than 0.3% of the total individual numbers. The mean species dominance, diversity and evenness indices of the fish community from the Daejeon stream were 0.76, 0.25 and 0.28, respectively: from the Yoodeong stream, 0.20, 0.65 and 0.83, respectively; from the Gap stream, 0.25, 0.83 and 0.77, respectively. The fish community of the Yoodeung stream was showed closer relationship to that of the Gap stream than to that of the Daejeon stream.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.554-557
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• 1999

Hatchery waste including infertile eggs, dead embryos in shell, dead or low grade chicks was cooked at $100^{\circ}C$ for 15 minutes and then oven dried and ground. Hatchery waste meal (HWM) thus prepared contained 44.25% protein, 4,573 kcal/kg gross energy, 3,600 kcal/kg metabolizable energy, 30% ether extract, 1.9% fibre, 14% ash, 9.8% nitrogen free extract, 7.26% Ca, 0.84%P, 1.86% lysine and 0.66% methionine with no Salmonella and E. coli. In biological evaluation trial, significantly higher weight gain was observed in ration containing 12% HWM compared with that containing similar amount of fish meal. Protein efficiency ratio on the two rations was 3.96 vs 2.85; protein digestibility, 86.02 vs 71.9; net protein utilization, 64.9 vs 42.37 and biological value, 75.37 vs 58.84, respectively, indicating better balance of amino acids in HWM compared with fish meal. Growth performance trial on broiler chicks also revealed better weight gain and feed efficiency on ration containing 12% HWM than that containing similar level of fish meal.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.123-133
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• 2014

We assessed the physical habitats of Microphysogobio longidorsalis in the Han river basin. Field monitoring was conducted for ecological and habitat conditions for 11 sites from October 2008 to November 2011. Twenty species (50.0%) including M. longidorsalis and Zacco koreanus were found endemic out of the 40 species in 10 families sampled during this study period. The most frequently found species was Z. platypus (26.2%) followed by Z. koreanus (17.7%), Coreoleuciscus splendidus (14.0%) and M. longidorsalis (13.4%). For M. longidorsalis, total fist length showing the highest number of samples were 8~10 cm (50.9%). the favored habitat conditions were estimated to be 0.4~0.5 m (56.1%) for water depth, 0.2~0.9 m/s (90.4%) for flow velocity, sand (0.1~1.0 mm)~cobbles (100.0~300.0 mm)(94.5%) for substrate size and run (60.2%) for habitat type, respectively.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.845-856
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• 2011

In order to establish fundamental data for stream restoration and environmental flow, we investigated inhabitation and species diversity of fish to substrate size in the typical streams of Geum River Basin. Field monitoring including fish sampling was conducted from October 2007 to October 2009. Substrate size was determined according to six different : silt (Si), sand (Sa), fine gravel (Fg), coarse gravel (Cg), cobbles (Co) and boulders (Bo). A total number of fish caught in the 18 sites was 7,649 representing 10 families 50 species, and Si, Sa, Fg, Cg, Co and Bo stations occupied 30, 29, 38, 30, 27 and 17 species, respectively. The most frequently found species in number was pale chum (Zacco platypus, 29.7%, n=2,275) followed by Z. koreanus (22.5%, n=1,720) in total stations. Biological diversity with increase of substrate size from the dominance of part species showed higher values as dominance index, lower and diversity, richness and evenness index. Index of biological integrity (IBI) and qualitative habitat evaluation index (QHEI) scores decreased with increase of substrate size. Therefore, it is necessary to make an effort on stream rehabilitation with evaluation of physical habitat condition by indicator species in order to maintain biodiversity and perform ecological restoration.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.45-50
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• 2001

The fish fauna of the Buan Dam, Chollabuk-do, Korea which was constructed in 1995 was surveyed in 1994 and 1998. 14 fish species were collected in the Buan Dam and 19 species were recognized in the brackish waters along the lower course of the dam in 1998. It was remarked that the dominant species in the dam has been changed dramatically from Zacco platypus and Z. temmincki to Pseudorasbora parva and Squalidus gracilis majimae within the three years after the dam construction. And also the number of Carassius auratus and Sirulus asotus were gradually increased in the dam. However, lksookimia pumila, the threatened fish species of Korea, was decreased sharply and restricted conspicuously by fragmentation of the habitat. The positive strategies should be considered for the species conservation of lksookimia pumila in the Buan Dam.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.125-135
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• 2016

Background: The objectives of this study were to establish a swimming capability model for largemouth bass using the FishXing (version 3) program, and to determine the swimming speed and feasibility of fish passage through a waterway tunnel. This modeling aimed to replicate the waterway tunnel connecting the Andong and Imha Reservoirs in South Korea, where there is a concern that largemouth bass may be able to pass through this structure. As largemouth bass are considered an invasive species, this spread could have repercussions for the local environment. Results: Flow regime of water through the waterway tunnel was calculated via the simulation of waterway tunnel operation, and the capability of largemouth bass to pass through the waterway tunnel was then estimated. The swimming speed and distance of the largemouth bass had a positive linear function with total length and negative linear function with the flow rate of the waterway tunnel. The passing rate of small-size largemouth bass (10-30 cm) was 0%at a flow of $10m^3/s$ due to rapid exhaustion from prolonged upstream swimming through the long (1.952 km) waterway tunnel. Conclusions: The results of FishXing showed that the potential passing rate of large size largemouth bass (>40 cm) through the waterway tunnel was greater than 10%; however, the passage of largemouth bass was not possible because of the mesh size ($3.4{\times}6.0cm$) of the pre-screening structures at the entrance of the waterway tunnel. Overall, this study suggests that the spread of largemouth bass population in the Imha Reservoir through the waterway tunnel is most likely impossible.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.422-431
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• 2009

This study was to provide basic data for aquatic ecosystem research using fishes. Field sampling was carried out at five selected sites of Gap Stream, and fish samples, especially for a selection of sentinel species were collected three times in June, September, and October 2007. We analyzed total length distribution of Zacco platypus in relation with the season and the sampling sites, and then compared with total body weight, condition factor (K), and age distribution of the fish. The fish population data were compared with physico-chemical water quality, obtained from the Ministry of Environment, Korea. Water quality analysis showed a significant nutrient enrichment, based on total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP), and organic matter pollution, based on biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the Site 5, which is directly influenced by wastewater disposal plant (WDP). Population analysis of the sentinel species showed that the total number of individuals, age distribution, and the population size-structure were influenced by the effluents from the WDP, and that reproductive failure of young-age population were evident in Site 5. According to the relation analysis of total weight to K, the disturbed population was mainly attributed to combined effects of habitat modifications and chemical degradations. Regression analysis of K values against water quality parameters showed significant (p<0.05) positive relations with nutrient and organic matter contents. Our data suggest that the population structure using a sentinel fish species reflected the ambient water quality in the stream and that diagnosis of aquatic ecosystem health using Z. platypus population may be practical for water resource and ecosystem conservations.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.435-441
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• 2011

The feeding habits of yellow goosefish Lophius litulon and John Dory Zeus faber were studied by analyzing the stomach contents of specimens collected in the South Sea of Korea. In total, 132 hauls were taken during six experimental trawl survey (Tamgu 1) cruises conducted on a seasonal basis (March 2005-October 2007). The main prey items of the two species were similar. Fishes and crustaceans were the most important prey, with neither species showing ontogenetic changes in preferred species. Specifically, Pennahia argentata was the preferred prey item of L. litulon, whereas Trichiurus lepturus and Engraulis japonicus were preferred by Z. faber. Larger Z. faber (>24 cm) preferred bigger prey such as T. lepturus and Larimichthys polyactis, while smaller Z. faber preferred E. japonicus and Acropoma japonicum.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.40-49
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• 2001

The ichthyofauna and fish community of the Dongjin River system were surveyed at 21 sites from October 1998 to September 1999. We confirmed the presence of 53 species in 14 families belonging to seven orders. Thirty-two species of cyprinid fishes accounted for 60.4% of the total, four species of cobitid and gobiid fishes 7.5% of the total, and two species of bagrid and centrarchid fishes for 3.8% of the total. The dominant species in the Dongjin River system was Zacco platypus (relative abundant 26.0%), the subdominant species was Carassius auratus (14.7%). The dominant and subdominant species in each stream of the Dongjin River system were determined. In the Dongjin River, the dominant species was Z. platypus (40.6%), the subdominant Acheilognathus lanceolatus (20.5%); in Wonpyeong stream, Pseudorasbora parva (22.6%) and Hypomesus olidus (13.2%); in Gobu stream C. auratus (67.5%) and Cyprinnus carpio (15.4%). Fourteen of the 53 species from the the Dongjin River system comprised 28.6% of the total Korean endemic species; seven rare species accounted for less than 0.1% of the total. Four exotic fish species were found: Cyprinus carpio (Islaeli carp), Carassius cuvieri, Micropterus salmoides and Lepomis macrochirus. The species dominance, diversity, and evenness index of the fish community from the Wonpyeong stream were 0.12, 1.08, and 0.91, respectively, indicating better conditions than those of the Dongjin River and the Gobu stream. The fish community of the Wonpyeong stream showed closer relationship to that of the Dongjin River than to that of the Gobu stream.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.331-339
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• 2006

Inhabitant patterns of the legally protected species and the characteristics of fish fauna in the Pyeongchang River, Korea, were studied from April to July 2004 by selecting 6 sites. The number of fish samples in this period were 2,448 in 35 species of 9 families. A total of nineteen endemic species (54.29%) were presented and those were Hemibarbus mylodon and Acheilognathus signifer. The highest frequency was shown in Zacco korean us (34.84%) and Pungtungia herzi (10.25%) and Coreoleuciscus splendidus (6.86%) were the next. In addition, The highest biomass was found in Z. koreanus (5,580.2g) and Coreoperca. herzi (1.241.2g) and C. splendidus (1,207.0g) were the next. When comparing the distribution of the legally protected species in within the Han River system, the highesting distributions were determined in the Pyeongchang and Dong River (6 species). The ratio of individuals in the Pyeongchang River was shown to be higher (10.62%) than that of other lakes and streams. In conclusion, more precise protection and protective plans were needed in order to maintain the lake ecology in good status because the Pyeongchang River is relatively well protected from the anthropogenic disturbance in the legally protected species including the endemic species.