• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.179-191
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• 2007

본 연구는 2006년 3월부터 8월까지 제주도에서 성업 중인 육상 수조식 양식장 21개소를 대상으로 하여 미생물학적 위해요소를 양어 용수, 양어 사료, 양식 넙치에서 조사하였다. 식품 병원성 미생물 중 일반세균과 총 대장균군, 그리고 Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli O157:H7, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus를 조사하였다. 이번 연구를 진행하는 동안 특이할만한 점은 여름에 들어서면서 집중적이면서도 빈번하게 비가 내렸다. 양어용수를 검사한 결과 S. aureus, B. cereus and Salmonella spp.는 각각 $0-3.3{\times}10^2 CFU/ml,\;0-2.2{\times}10^2CFU/ml\;and\;0-5.1{\times}10^1 CFU/ml$ 검출이 되었다. 또한 사료 내 미생물을 조사하여 본 결과 조사한 MP사료 85%에서 S. aureus, B. cereus and total coliforms이 검출이 되었다 반면 양식 넙치를 조사한 결과 Escherichia coli O157:H7, total coliforms은 검출이 되지 않았다. 추후 이와 관련하여 좀더 체계적인 연구 시스템을 양식현장에 적용한다면 근래 들어 문제가 되고 있는 식품위생상 수산물이 야기하는 문제점들이 해결이 되어 안전한 식품으로서의 가치를 인정받을 수 있을 것 같다.

• 한국조사연구학회지:조사연구
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-30
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 6시그마에서 기대한 성과를 얻으려면 도입과정에서 일련의 단계를 거쳐야 한다는 가정을 하였으며 특히 조직성숙이 성과에 미치는 영향을 분석하고 있다. 6시그마에서 성과를 얻는 단계를 준비단계, 수용단계, 성숙단계로 정의하여 단계적 모형을 제시하였다. 준비단계는 다시 조직변화오인, 추진시스템요인으로 세분하였고, 결과변수인 성과는 시장경쟁력성과, 조직구성원성과, 재무성과로 구분하였다. 6시그마를 도입하여 기대한 성과를 얻으려면 이 단계를 순차적으로 거쳐야 한다는 가정을 토대로 단계모형과 경쟁모형을 설정하여 구조방정식 모형을 통하여 비교 분석하였다. 기업을 표본단위로 한 판단표집(judgement sampling)을 통해 설문자료를 수집 처리하였다. 최종적인 분석에는 281 업체에서 수집된 자료가 사용되었다. 6시그마를 도입하고자 하는 기업은 준비단계, 수용단계, 그리고 성숙단계까지 도달해야만 기대한 성과를 얻을 수 있다는 것을 분석결과로 제시한다. 즉, 준비와 수용만 되었다고 큰 성과를 얻는다기보다는 성숙단계까지 가야만 성과를 제대로 얻을 수 있음을 시사하고 있다.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.245-255
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• 2012

근래 들어 기업 간의 경쟁과 환경변화의 격화로 인하여 구성원들의 자발적 참여와 긍정적 태도의 중요성이 점차 커지고 있다. 따라서 구성원들에게 기본적 업무영역을 넘어서 보다 적극적으로 조직혁신, 유연성제고, 생산성제고 및 환경변화에 대한 적응력을 요구하고 있다. 이러한 역할 영역외적인 행위로서 대표적으로 조직시민행동을 들 수 있다. 그리고 고객지향적 경영을 추구하면서 대 고객에 대한 서비스가중시되면서 서비스품질의 유지 및 제고도 중시되고 있다. 또한 극심한 경쟁 상황에서 구성원들의 담당업무에 관한 혁신적 태도와 행동은 기업 간 차별화와 내외부 고객의 만족도를 높이는 중요한 요인이 되고 있다. 어떤 국가나 사회가 질서를 유지하고 건전하게 존속 발전하려면 구성원들 대다수가 수긍할 수 있는 사회적 기준이 존재하여야 하며, 또 그러한 기준이 지켜질 때 우리는 그 사회가 정의롭고 공정성이 유지된다고 말할 수 있다. 이와 같은 논리는 작은 단위의 조직에서도 마찬가지이다. 기업조직의 경우 구성원들의 승진과 보수에 대한 공정한 기준이 제시되어 있고, 또한 그러한 기준이 편파적이지 않고 공정하게 적용되지 않을 때 구성원들은 조직목표 달성에 보다 적극적이며, 조직의 발전과 성장에 대하여 적극적인 태도를 견지하게 될 것이다. 이처럼 정의와 공정성의 문제는 조직과 사회를 유지하는데 매우 중요한 문제이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 내부 구성원들의 공정성인지도가 기업 경쟁력 제고에 중요한 요인인 조직 시민행동, 서비스품질 및 혁신행동 간의 관계에 대하여 문헌적으로 정리하고자 한다. 이러한 연구를 바탕으로 추후 실증적 분석의 토대를 마련하고자 한다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.177-187
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine whether dating affected young people's concern for their looks and their oral health state, and to motivate students to promote their oral health, as national oral health depended on students who would grow into eligible members of society in the near future. Relevant literature and data were reviewed, and a survey was conducted on residents in and around Seoul, who were in their 20s, for approximately three months from June through August 2006 to find out about their oral health status. The findings of the study were as follows: 1. Whether they were seeing someone or not was investigated, and it's found that 37.5 percent had a girl friend or boy friend, and that 6.7 percent hadn't. 2. Concerning the state of dating, 40.3 percent, the largest percentage, had been dating for less than a year, and the largest number of them that accounted for 23.6 percent had been dating one person till then, 4.0 percent were considering getting married with those whom they were seeing. The most dominant type of love was eros(romantic or ardent love; 41.7%), followed by stroge(friendly love; 33.3%), and agape(altruistic, devoted love; 12.5%). 3. As for the impact of dating on oral health status, those who were seeing someone were similar to those who weren't in toothbrushing frequency, toothbrushing time and simplified oral hygiene index. There was no significant gap between the two. 4. Concerning the influence of dating on dental-treatment experience, no statistically significant intergroup differences were found in experiences of taking dental-caries treatment, bad-breath treatment and teeth-whitening treatment. There was a statistically significant intergroup gap only in scaling experience(pE0.05). 5. Regarding the impact of dating on oral health care, 59.7 percent of those who were dating thought that it affected oral health care, and the same rate of the others who weren't stood at 38.3 percent. There was a statistically significant gap between the two(pE0.01). 6. As to the influence of general characteristics on oral hygiene index, their age and gender made no statistically significant differences to that. By occupation, however, many of the company employees were in good oral health, and many of them were in bad oral health, too. The office workers were statistically significantly different from the others in that regard(pE0.01).

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.131-139
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• 2011

Objectives: Masked hypertension is associated with metabolic risks and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to identify the frequency of and risk factors of masked hypertension in Korean workers. Methods: The study was conducted among 121 employees at a hotel in Gyeongju, Korea, from December 2008 to February 2009. We measured blood pressure (BP) both in the clinic and using 24-hour ambulatory BP monitors for all subjects. Hypertension was defined independently by both methods, and subjects were classified into four groups: true normotension, masked hypertension, white coat hypertension, and sustained hypertension. Results: The frequency of masked hypertension in our study group was 25.6%. Compared with true normotension, the factors related to masked hypertension were male gender (odds ratio [OR], 10.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.41 to 81.09), aging one year (OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.78 to 0.99), clinic BP 120-129 /80-84 mmHg (OR, 8.42; 95% CI, 1.51 to 46.82), clinic BP 130-139 / 85-89 mmHg (OR, 12.14; 95% CI, 1.80 to 81.85), smoking (OR, 5.51; 95% CI, 1.15 to 26.54), and increase of total cholesterol 1 mg / dL (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.08). In males only, these factors were clinic BP 120-129/ 80-84 mmHg (OR, 15.07; 95% CI, 1.55 to 146.19), clinic BP 130-139/ 85-89 mmHg (OR, 17.16; 95% CI, 1.56 to 189.45), smoking (OR, 11.61; 95% CI, 1.52 to 88.62), and increase of total cholesterol 1 mg/dL (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.09). Conclusions: The frequency of masked hypertension was high in our study sample. Detection and management of masked hypertension, a known strong predictor of cardiovascular risk, could improve prognosis for at-risk populations.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.587-598
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• 1993

Hydrofluoric acid is one of the strongest irritating, corrosive and poisonous inorganic chemicals. Hydrofluoric acid burns are occurring with ever-increasing frequency due to the wide use of this acid in industries. Hydrofluoric acid burns are characterized by severe progressive tissue destruction and excruciating pain due to the unique properties of the freely dissolvable fluoride ion. The authors reviewed medical records of 32 cases (36 spells) of hydrofluoric acid burns which occurred in a hydrofluoric acid manufacturing factory from Sep. 1, 1990 to June 30, 1993. The results are as follows; 1. Eleven measurements of air concentrations of hydrofluoric acid by detection tube method from 1990 to 1992 were all below TLV (Department of Labor, R.O. K). 2. There were 19 cases (22 spells) of hydrofluoric acid burns which occurred during the study period among regular employees. The overall incidence density of hydrofluoric acid was 17.8 cases (20.6 spells) per 100 person-year. Incidence density was 19.0 cases (22.0 spells) per 100 person-year among male workers and there were no female cases. Incidence density was 32.9 cases (38.3 spells) per 100 person-year among production workers and 1.9 cases (1.9 spells) per 100 person-years among management workers with the difference being statistically significant (P<0.01). 3. Of 32 cases (36 spells) of hydrofluoric acid burns among workers who were regularly employed or temporarily employed, 26 spells (81.2%) were between age 20 to 39. In 15 spells(41.7%) burns occurred between 12:00 and 17:59 with 16 spells(44.3%) having arrived at hospital within 2 hours after the accident. 4. Of 36 spells, the main cause of hydrofluoric acid burns were by splashes (8 spells, 22.2 %). The most frequent site of burns were fingers and pain was the most frequent symptom. Thirty spells (83.3%) of the hydrofluoric acid burns were treated with local injection of antidote (calcium gluconate). Complete recovery without scarring were observed in most of the cases (34 out of 36 cases, 94.4%). The study results suggest that to prevent hydrofluoric acid burns, environmental control and the wearing of hydrofluoric acid resistant protective clothes and gloves are important. It is also stressed that establishment of an emergency management and a transfer system for hydrofluoric acid burn victims is necessary.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.117-131
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• 2011

본 연구는 특급호텔의 정규직 조리사 집단의 고용불안정이 직무불안정성 및 경력몰입에 미치는 영향을 고찰하고자 하였다. 총 389명의 특급호텔 정규직 조리사들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였고 구조 방정식 모형을 통해 2개의 가설을 검증하였다. 가설의 검증을 위해 구조방정식 모형을 사용하였고 분석결과, 고용환경 변화요인 중 정리해고 증가인식(${\beta}$=0.326), 조직구조 변화인식(${\beta}$=0.237), 비정규직 증가인식(${\beta}$=0.200) 순으로 직무 불안정성에 정(+)의 영향을 주었으며 직무 불안정성(${\beta}$=0.340)은 경력몰입에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 이를 통해 특급호텔의 고용환경 변화가 종사원에게 직무 불안정성을 느껴 결론적으로는 경력을 쌓으면서 조직에 머물기 위해 더욱 노력하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 그러므로 직무 불안정을 잘 관리할수록 종사원의 경력몰입을 늘릴 수 있기 때문에 기업에서는 종사원의 경력몰입을 위해 동기부여를 해야 한다.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.121-133
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• 2011

This study suggests criteria to conduct a risk assessment of VOCs and formaldehyde in uncontrolled public facilities. Pollutants and facilities were selected based on two years of monitoring data and exposure scenarios in 573 uncontrolled public facilities, composed of 10 types of public institutions. With the exception of social welfare facilities, lifetime ECRs of formaldehyde and benzene in each facility were higher in employees than in users, except in social welfare facilities. In social welfare facilities, the risk of benzene for users ($1{\times}10^{-5}$) was higher than that of workers ($1{\times}10^{-6}$) because facility users live in the facility 24 hours per day, compared to workers who spend an average of 8 hours per day in the facility. The risk of benzene to workers in restaurants, academies, performance halls, internet cafe and pubs were estimated as high as $1{\times}10^{-4}$ and the risk to workers in the theaters and karaoke bars were recorded as $1{\times}10^{-5}$. Because lifetime ECRs of carcinogens exceeded $1{\times}10^{-4}$ for workers and users in most facilities, risk management of formaldehyde and benzene in these facilities is necessary. Although HQs of toluene and xylenes did not exceed 1.0, their HQs did exceed 0.1 in some facilities, so they were evaluated as potentially harmful materials. Additionally, criteria for health protection in IAQ by facility are suggested at $60-100\;{\mu}g/m^3$ for formaldehyde, $400-500\;{\mu}g/m^3$ for TVOCs, $10-20\;{\mu}g/m^3$ for benzene, $150-170\;{\mu}g/m^3$ for toluene and $100\;{\mu}g/m^3$ for xylenes, based on the survey on IAQ and HRA methodology. The excess rates of IAQ to health protection criteria in all facilities were 16% for formaldehyde, 8% for TVOCs and benzene, 9% for toulene, and 5% for xylenes.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권8호
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• pp.94-104
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 조직시민행동(OCB)의 개념적 영역에 대한 실제 기업 구성원들의 인식유형들을 파악하는 데에 있다. 이는 OCB가, 주지하는 바와 같이, 본질적으로 지극히 주관적이고, 변동적인 속성을 띠는 비정형의 개념이기에, 구성원들이 자신의 관점과 입장에서 이를 어떻게 인식 및 해석하는 지를 탐구할 필요가 제기되고 있기 때문이다. 이러한 맥락에서 본 연구에서는 질적방법론 가운데 하나인 Q방법론을 활용하여 이에 대한 확인작업을 행하고 있다. 우선 본 연구를 위한 Q표본은 관련 기존연구들에 대한 심도 있는 이론적 검토를 통해 완성되었으며, P표본은 외생변수의 영향을 최소화하기 위해 동일한 한 개 기업에 근무하는 14명의 근로자들로 구성된다. 설문조사 및 통계분석의 결과 본 연구에서는 모두 세 가지의 인식유형들이 도출되고 있으며, 본 연구에서는 이들에 대해 각각 동료지향형, 조직지향성, 그리고 업무지향형이라는 명칭들을 부여하고 있다. 그 명칭에서도 알 수 있듯이, 이들 각각의 유형들은 서로 구별되는 나름대로의 독특한 속성들을 띠고 있으며, 결과적으로는 OCB가 가진 비정형성을 다시 한 번 확인시켜 주고 있다. 끝부분에서는 이러한 연구결과가 갖는 의미에 대해 심층적인 토론을 제공하고, 나아가 이러한 연구결과를 진일보시킬 수 있는 향후 연구방향에 대해서도 토론하고 있다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2013

Purpose - Inducing consumers' behavioral intent to use an outlet shopping center is a critical issue for managers since it can be used as a guide for developing marketing strategies. Low prices could lead to a growth in retail purchases, but there might also be a positive relationship between prices and customer perceptions of product quality. The extent to which consumers use price as a predictor of quality may differ according to the availability of important alternative cues such as brand, store name, and identity salience triggered by the store. Consumers can obtain non-economic benefits from marketing exchanges that go beyond basic economic achievement. We argue that identity salience can play a crucial mediating role when consumers, acting as exchange partners, seek to obtain social benefits. This study shows that identity salience could mediate the relationship between identity salience-inducing factors such as multi-finality, prestige and role performance, and consumers' behavioral intent to use an outlet shopping center. Research design, data and methodology - The survey was conducted on college students enrolled in marketing classes. A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed, of which only 194 were returned. After five incomplete questionnaires were excluded, a final sample of 189 was used for empirical analysis. Using a covariance structural analysis in Amos17, we confirmed the fit of the research model and estimated its parameters by using the maximum likelihood method. Results - The results of the hypotheses testing are as follows. First, both identity salience and economic benefits have positive effects on the behavioral intent to use an outlet shopping center. Second, role performance, prestige, and multi-finality have positive effects on identity salience. Finally, the additive analysis of the direct effects of identity salience-inducing factors shows that the role performance, prestige, and multi-finality factors have no direct effects on the behavioral intent to use an outlet shopping center, suggesting that identity salience plays a positive mediating role. Conclusions - This study informs marketers that not only price but shoppers' identity salience directly affects their intent to visit an outlet shopping center. To strengthen shoppers' identity salience, marketers should find ways to help shoppers fulfill their multiple social roles, realize their multiple goals, and achieve prestige. In other words, outlet shopping centers must improve their personal service environment in order to enhance their employees' service quality and assist the execution of multi-finality by minimizing the perceived costs (e.g., travel time, effort) associated with shopping trips, thus making it easier for consumers to combine visits to multiple stores in outlet shopping centers and buy the items required for their consumption goals. Outlet shopping centers must also offer assortments with both breadth and depth in order to help consumers play the social roles their social networks have given them.