• 유통과학연구
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

Purpose: This study determines the effect of spending distribution, namely experiential, impulsive, self-expressive, prosocial, and conspicuous spending, on the financial well-being of young working women in Malaysia. Research design, data and methodology: This study employed a quantitative and deductive approach. A sample of 400 young working women was selected using a systematic sampling technique. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and analysed using Structural Equation Modelling (CB-SEM). Results: The findings revealed prosocial and impulsive spending as the significant spending distribution to affect financial well-being. The effect of prosocial spending is positive on financial well-being, while the effect of impulsive spending is a negative predictor of financial well-being. All other spending distribution - experiential, self-expressive, and conspicuous spending - do not have a significant effect on financial well-being. Conclusion: To achieve financial well-being, young working women need to distribute the spending budget for the happiness of others and reduce impulse buying. The findings provide useful insights on the significant role of spending distribution in influencing, how to fuel young working women to develop good spending habits that consequently improve their financial well-being, for themselves and Malaysian economics, as well as the plausible solution to overcome financial problems and high indebtedness.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.329-337
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was done to describe the essential structure of the lived experience of working women raising children. Method: Data were collected from 10 employed women with children who were under 2 years of age. The analysis of the data was done using the phenomenological analytic method suggested by Colaizzi (1978). Results: In this study, 6 essential themes were extracted: 'knowing by intuition child-rearing is difficult', 'having guilt-conscious of not being able to perform duties as a mother', 'hard work of maintaining two jobs', 'Lost self', 'realizing that one has become amother', 'thirsting for a social support system'. Conclusion: With a rapidly increasing number of working women, the significance of this study in the field of nursing is in understanding the child-rearing experience of working women. The findings indicate the need for a systemic and emotional support system for working women raising children.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.1-26
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• 2014

This study analyzes the effects of the three types of flexible work arrangements (part-time, flexitime, and reduced working hours for childcare) available in Korea on work-family conflict, facilitation, and job satisfaction for married working women ages 15-49. The study employs a panel analysis based on the first to the fourth data from the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women & Families (KLoWF). The major results are as follows. First, the availability of part-time jobs and reduced working hours to facilitate childcare is significantly related to work-family conflict for married women. If a married woman is employed in a part-time position or if reduced working hours for childcare are available, the conflict within the family caused by the job is reduced. Second, none of the three types of flexible work arrangements have a statistically significant influence on work-family facilitation for married women. Third, the availability of reduced working hours for childcare has a positive effect on the job satisfaction of married women. In conclusion, flexible working hours for women who are raising children are the main factor in reducing the negative effect of a job on a woman's family life as they contribute to work and family compatibility.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.231-244
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze body composition, obesity according to working pattern of working women. The subjects were workers in the automobile manufacturing industry. Methods: The subjects consisted of 514 industrial women workers who had received Korean oriental medicine health examination and submitted questionires about working pattern, during 8 months from April 2005 to November 2005. The body composition was measured by X-scan(Jawon medical, Seoul, Korea). We analyzed the relationship between body composition analysis, obesity and shift pattern with $X^2-test$ using the SPSS Ver. 12.0 Results: Regarding the realationship between body composition and working pattern, shift worker group had a significantly higher level of body weight, ratio of body fat, visceral fat and abdominal fat than normal worker. Conclusion: From this study, we can know that shift work can influence on working women's body composition and obesity.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.485-496
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• 2022

본 연구는 기혼직장여성의 일반적 특성, 부부특성, 근로특성 및 건강특성이 건강관련 삶의 질에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위하여 여성가족패널조사(KLoWF)자료를 활용하여 2차 분석을 수행한 서술적 조사연구이다. 본 연구는 7차년도(2017- 2018)조사에 참여한 기혼직장여성 총 2,060명을 대상으로 SPSS 25.0를 활용하여 분석하였다. 기혼직장여성의 일반적 특성, 부부특성, 근로특성 및 건강특성을 모두 투입한 결과, 가족의 경제상태, 진단받은 질환 유무, 스트레스 인지가 기혼직장여성의 건강 관련 삶의 질에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 토대로 기혼직장여성의 건강관련 삶의 질을 높이기 위해서는 가족의 경제 상태와 건강특성이 중요하고 이를 강화해야 할 방안 마련이 필요하다. 따라서 기혼직장여성의 건강 관련 삶의 질을 향상시키기 위하여 기혼직장여성 개개인의 건강특성을 고려한 맞춤형 건강 증진 프로그램 및 경제적 안정을 위한 다양한 정부 지원정책을 마련해야 함을 제언한다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.53-65
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the working married women's perception on the effect of work on household economy. The household economy was examined in three aspects; income, assets, and consumption patterns, along with the contribution and the satisfaction of working married women with respect to their income by work Four hundred thirty working married women with the first child of less than middle school were surveyed, with questionnaires from March 25 to April 22 of 2005, and analyzed with descriptive statistics. The results were as follows: the reasons of working married women for work were making an affluent living, showing their ability, wanting for work, and making a living in order. The perceived degree of their income contribution to household income was on the average about $42.53\%$. They perceived the spending in time-saving consumption items, child-rearing consumption items, and personal consumption items to be decreased, if they were not working. Their work was helpful in saving, insurance and investment, debt payment, money for old life, money for housing, money for emergency. About $69\%$ of working married women perceived their income contribution to their household income as being high.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.93-109
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• 2001

The purposes of this study are to identify stress and coping strategies of married working women. Data were collected from 185 married working women, living in the metropolitan area. The results were as follows: 1. Low family function and high occupational stress affected stress symptoms of married working women significantly, but type A personality was not related to the stress symptoms. 2. The more the married working women perceived stress symptoms, the more they utilized organizational coping strategies. 3. The women who used personal coping strategies effectively also used more effective organizational coping strategies. 4. Two paths were statistically significant : family function$\rightarrow$stress symptoms, occupational stress$\rightarrow$stress symptoms. But the others were not. Based on those results, the model was modified by adding four paths : A type personality$\rightarrow$personal coping strategies, occupational stress$\rightarrow$organizational coping strategies, personal coping strategies$\rightarrow$organizational coping strategies, organizational coping strategies$\rightarrow$stress symptoms. 5. The modified model produced a better fit than hypothetical model(GFI=0.9985, ACFI=0.9893, NFI=0.9920, NNFI=1.1330, RMSR=0.0030, PNFI=0.1984). In conclusion, the stress management for married working women needs to focus on both organizational coping strategies and personal coping strategies.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.210-217
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship among mother-daughter relationship, husband-wife relationship, and prenatal attachment according to pregnant women's internal working model. Method: A convenience sample of 68 pregnant women was recruited from two OBGYN hospitals in M city. Data collection was conducted through the use of an Adult Attachment Interview and questionnaires. This study used a descriptive correlational design and the period of investigation was from July 3-20, 2002. 41 of the 68 women were in a secure pregnant women's internal working model and 27 of the 68 in insecure ones. The data were analyzed by Chi-square test, t-test, and Pearson Correlation Coefficient. Result: The results of this study were as follows: Mean score of the prenatal attachment of the secure pregnant women and mean score of the mother-daughter relationship of the secure pregnant women was significantly higher than that of insecure ones. 3) Prenatal attachment was negatively and significantly related to mother-daughter attachment and husbandwife attachment in the secure pregnant women's internal working model. However it was not significantly relationship in insecure pregnant women's internal working model. Conclusion: It is found in this study that there is an intergenerational attachment relationship during pregnancy. Further findings support the development of creative strategies to enhance positive attachment relationships for pregnant women. It is recommended to develop nursing education of attachment for the insecure pregnant women's internal working model.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.517-521
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• 2021

Background: This study aimed to investigate whether working long hours was related to infertility among female Korean workers, while taking age into consideration. Methods: We used data from the 2018 National Survey on Fertility and Family Health and Welfare in Korea that is a cross-sectional, nationally representative, and population-based survey. Infertility was defined as women who were not pregnant after regular unprotected intercourse for a year. Working long hours was classified as ≥52 hours, and subgroups as per age were classified on the basis of being younger or older than 40 years of age. Differences in infertility risk between the long working hour group and none were estimated in crude and fully adjusted logistic regression models with age-group stratification. Results: Of 5,909 Korean female workers, the crude and adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of infertility for working long hours were 1.295 (0.948-1.737) and 1.303 (0.921-1.809), respectively. In the subgroup of patients below 40 years of age, the crude and adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) were 1.957 (1.216-3.039) and 1.921 (1.144-3.120), whereas those aged 40 years or older had 0.994 (0.647-1.471) and 0.939 (0.560-1.501), respectively. The weighted prevalence of infertility increased as weekly working hours increased only for the younger than 40-year subgroup. Conclusions: Infertility is associated with working long hours, especially in young-aged workers. Thus, the working schedule must be structured to better suit young female workers.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.107-118
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• 2006

Much research has focused on the conflict and balance between work and family. Yet few studies examine how women feel in balancing these two roles. In that regard, this study examines how married working women feel balanced between work and family as well as the levels of support availability/demand that exists. The level of sense of balance regarding work-family is average. Sense of balance is related to age, income, work hours, size of workplace, numbers of family friendly policies, the family's attitude to woman's work, and the level of balancing strategies used. The demand for support is higher than the availability of support. Both factors are related to working hours and balancing strategies, etc.