• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.57 no.6
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• pp.604-608
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• 2004

A 47-year-old-man was admitted to the emergency department with dyspnea, right pleuritic pain, and high fevers for 3 days. He had a nonproductive cough that exacerbated the chest pain. A clinical examination revealed distressed and slightly tachypneic patient, with blood pressure of 110/90 mmHg, temperature of $39^{\circ}C$, pulse of 90 beats/min, respiratory rate of 24 breaths/min. A chest examination showed significantly diminished breath sounds in the right lung with dullness to percussion. Laboratory investigation demonstrated leukocytosis and a raised C-reactive protein. The results of arterial blood gas analysis revealed moderate hypoxemia. A radiograph and a CT scan of the chest showed extensive consolidation with multifocal low densities, and pleural effusion in the right lung. A diagnostic thoracentesis revealed straw-colored fluid, which was found to be a neutrophil-predominant exudate. At 7 days after admission, the clinical symptoms had not improved and the temperature was still $39^{\circ}C$ despite the aggressive therapy of community-acquired pneumonia. After comprehensive history taking, we realized then that he accidentally aspirated kerosene while siphoning from fuel tank to put into the boiler 3 days ago. Bronchoscopy with bronchial washings could be successful in establishing the diagnosis of hydrocarbon pneumonitis by demonstration of a high lipid-laden macrophage index. Thereafter, the symptoms and radiographic opacities gradually improved, and he was discharged several days later.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.199-205
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• 2018

Purpose: This study evaluated the effect of nonthermal plasma treatment on the bond strength of autopolymerizing relining resin to the injection molded thermoplastic denture base resins (TDBRs) with different surface treatments. Materials and methods: Acrylic Resin (Acrytone), Polyester (Estheshot-Bright), Polyamide (Valplast) and Polypropylene (Weldenz) were subjected to various surface treatments: No treatment, Nonthermal plasma, Sandblasting, Sandblasting and nonthermal plasma. Specimens were bonded using an autopolymerizing relining resin. Shear bond strength was tested using universal testing machine with crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Statistical analysis by two-way analysis of variance with Tukey's test post hoc was used. Results: Acrytone showed significantly higher shear bond strength value among other TDBR group while Weldenz had the lowest. The sandblasting and nonthermal plasma condition had significantly higher shear bond strength value in all of the resin groups (P < .05). Conclusion: The use of nonthermal plasma treatment showed limited effect on the shear bond strength between TDBRs and relining resin, and combination of nonthermal plasma and sandblasting improved the shear bond strength between TDBR and reline material.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.61-67
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• 2014

With a view to resolving environmental problems of hazardous cement, this study seeks to identify the unconfined compressive strength and bending strength of the vegetation block designed herein by utilizing high-strength natural soil stabilizer instead of cement. Soil stabilizer is mainly made of mixture of short fiber extracted from natural fiber and lime, etc. Soil stabilizer reinforces the shearing strength of soil to improve block supportive power and durability while preventing flood and frost damages. For the unconfined compressive strength test, test pieces were prepared by mixing soil stabilizer and weathered soil in different ratios of 6 %, 12 % and 18 %. Experiments were carried out according to curing periods of 5th, 7th, 14th and 28th of the day. For bending strength test, blocks were made in the same mixture ratios as for the unconfined compressive test and tested for each stage. Also, to evaluate for the field applicability, proposed optimum water content considering the characteristics of the soil stabilizer. Permeability test result for the vegetation block, satisfied by the KS F 4419 quality standards.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.39-46
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• 2007

In this study, the centrifuge tests were performed to investigate the lateral flow behavior and stability of the ground improved by SCP. The centrifuge tests were fulfilled in the case of the back of abutment filled by EPS (case 1) and soil (case 2), and the potentiometer was installed on the abutment and embankment to measure the vertical and horizontal displacement at the top of abutment. As a result, the vertical displacement measured at the back of abutment was maximum 2.1 m, which was about 12% if compared with the height of embankment. In the case of the back of abutment filled by soil, the vertical and horizontal displacement measured at the top of abutment was 10 cm and 1.1 m, respectively, which exceeded the allowable horizontal displacement. On the other hand, in the case of the back of abutment filled by EPS, the vertical displacement of abutment did nor occur and the horizontal displacement was 1.4 cm. Therefore, the effect of SCP improvement with EPS method adopted to prevent the lateral flow and assure the stability of embankment on the soft ground was far superior.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.22
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• pp.205-224
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• 1994

It was aimed to study the costume of Koryo dynasty based upon the thirty pictures of Bud-dha to hang on the wall among the existing Buddist paintings. The costume to study were made about 64 years during the King Chung-yol(1286) to the King Chung-jong(1350) which style was mostly related in Won Dynasty. 가) Men's wear ; 1. Hair style and hair dress ; Man tied up a top knot and they put on the hat such as a Kuan Kun and Mo. The young boys binds his hair up one, two, and three knot-s, and tied up with a hair ribbon, A kinds of Kuan-mo were Mine-lu-kuan Yuan-yu-kuan, Nong-kuan, Hae-chi-kuan Pok-du Yun-wha-kuan Yip-mo- and Tu-ku(Helmeto) 2. clothes ; 1) Colour of Koryo King's Mien-ku Kuan costume was not agree with blue and reddish black colour which was used in Yo, Song, Kum and Won Dynasty, however black and greenhish blue colour was agreed with. 2) The king wore T'ung-t'ien-kuan(Yuan-yu-kuan) and the government officials wore Chin-hien-kuan Hae-chi-kuan and Nong-kuan as a court dress. In general the king and the Crown Prince wore a hats which was used in T'ung-t'ien system however sometimes they wore small hats which was cited in literature. 3) Gate guard and upper garment wore colourful costume figured gold colour pattern which was distin-gtive costume system of Koryo. 4) A monk wore big sleeve long skirt big sleeve long jacket long skirt and shoulder scar-f full shoulder scarf or right hand shoulder opened scarf. 5) The Soldiers wore helmet shoulder or scarf pee-back hung-kap, pok-kap, yang-dan-g-kap we-yu-kap kun-kap, and boots and they carried arms. 6) The young boys wore scarf, loin cloth, long skirt, belt neckless, wan-silk, boots and foots wear and wristless. 나) Women's wear ; 1. Hair style and hairs and tied up with a hair ribbon and wore precious ston decorated hair dress wheel shape hair dress pan shaped head dress handkerchif covered hair dress decorated precious stone hair pin silk chippon made of head dress muf-fler shaped hairdress. Boots mocasin hae lee, suk and sandle wored as a shoes depends on the classes. They wore neckless, earing wres-tless and wan-pu-sik. 2. Closthe 1) High rank lade's wore un-kyun attached jacket and jacket sleeves decorated pleats and pleats decorated long skirt apron back apron knot belt, scarf this type is the same with Dang Dynasty five dynasty of china Song, Kum Won, Myung Dynasty and our cos-tume of Poe-hae, and Shilla Dynasty.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.82 no.4
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• pp.347-353
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• 1993

Accumulation of air pollutants such as $SO_2$ and HF, chlorophyll contents, wax concentrations in needle tissue and needle growth of Pinus thunbergii were studied to verify possibilities of bioindicators of air pollution in Yochon Industrial Complex from July to October, 1991. The concentrations of water-soluble sulfur and fluorine increased nearer to the pollution sources regardless of sampling time, but water-soluble sulfur varied little during investigation and fluorine accumulated more with the passage of time. Total chlorophyll contents decreased a little in the slightly polluted site but sharply in the heavily polluted site. The higher the pollution level was, the more decreased chloroform-extractable wax. Air pollution exposure inhibited needle growth of Pinus tbunbergii during the latter part of growth period. Water soluble sulfur, fluorine and wax concentrations in needle of Pinus thunbergii were rather wood sensitive indicators of susceptibility to ambient air pollution from early July to early October. Chlorophyll contents seemed to be able to be used as a bioindicator of air pollution in early stage of needle development and in the severely polluted area. In the meanwhile needle length must be used as a bioindicator in latter part of growing season.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.588-595
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• 1989

Log K, ${\Delta}$H and ${\Delta}$S for the complexation of $La^{3+},\;Ce^{3+}$ and $Eu^{3+}$with various multidentate ligand containing crown ether, diaza crown ether and diamine ether have been determined in methanol and acetonitril solutions at $25^{\circ}C$ by solution calorimetric titration method. The greater stability constant of $La^{3+}$-15C5 than those of 18C6 diaza [2.2] in methanol are discussed in terms of the size of metal ion and the ligand cavity and of metal ion solvation. The stabilities of $Ce^{3+}$ and $La^{3+}$ ion complexes with a various multidentate ligand in acetonitril are in the order of (diamine ether)<18C6<15C5$Ce^{3+}$, $La^{3+}$ and $Eu^{3+}$-diaza [2.2] complexes in acetonitril are increased with the following order: $Eu^{3+}$ < $La^{3+}$ < $Ce^{3+}$, that is increasing order of the optimum size and of the charge density of metal ion.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.23-33
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• 1998

The entire sequence of a 4,214,810 bp genome of the Bacillus subtilis 168 has been determined by an international project, and the completion has been announced on July 19, 1997. For the sequencing project an international consortium was established and 25 European, 7 Japanese laboratories, 2 biotechnology companies, and our laboratory participated in the project. Within this framework we determined the complete nucleotide sequence of a 53,289 bp fragment upstream of the odhA gene (181 $^{\circ}$) of the B. subtilis 168 chromosome. On the basis of the published DNA sequences of the B. subtilis sspC and odhA genes, we obtained genomic fragments by plasmid rescue and long-range PCR. The sequenced fragment contains 56 putative open reading frames (designated yojA-yolI and 9 known genes (sspC, cge cluster, orfE5, orfRMl and odhA), in which we found many interesting features. In addition, the entire nucleotide sequence of a 53,289 bp region enabled us to revise the current genetic map of this region.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.167-170
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• 2005

The two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) diamond-like carbon (DLC) stamps for ultraviolet nanoimprint lithography (UV-NIL) were fabricated using two kinds of methods, which were a DLC coating process followed by the focused ion beam (FIB) lithography and the two-photon polymerization (TPP) patterning followed by nano-scale thick DLC coating. We fabricated 70 nm deep lines with a width of 100 nm and 70 nm deep lines with a width of 150 nm on 100 nm thick DLC layers coated on quartz substrates using the FIB lithography. 200 nm wide lines, 3D rings with a diameter of $1.35\;{\mu}m$ and a height of $1.97\;{\mu}m$, and a 3D cone with a bottom diameter of $2.88\;{\mu}m$ and a height of $1.97\;{\mu}m$ were successfully fabricated using the TPP patterning and DLC coating process. The wafers were successfully printed on an UV-NIL using the DLC stamp. We could see the excellent correlation between the dimensions of features of stamp and the corresponding imprinted features.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.3418-3426
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of field operation protocol for cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) in person with non-traumatic arrest. This study was performed from May 1 through June 27, 2008, and subjects were 150 students who are attending the department of Emergency Medical Service in J and K universities which located in Jeollabuk-do and Jeollanam-do areas. Practical conformance was verified using by nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. This study divided into two groups; experimental group that employed field operation protocol and control group that applied conventional CPR protocol, and comparative analyzed statistically the necessary time of the items of each protocol. The results indicated that each performance time of 18 items was reduced over 3 seconds except 5 items(assessment of consciousness, airway control, two times of artificial respiration, check of circulation, and five cycles of CPR). And time of 6 items(intubation, peripheral intravenous line, reassessment of consciousness, pupil reaction, carotid artery pulse, and vital sign) was minimized more than 60 seconds, and total performing time was shortened 110.85 seconds. The results suggested that total performing time in pre and post test where the protocol was applied for two groups showed a statistically significant decrease(t=-6.580, p=.000). Consequently, field operation protocol for cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) in person with non-traumatic arrest will be a available manual which support prompt and accurate decision making, and improve emergency medical service.