• The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.145-165
• /
• 1998

We inquired into the prescription including Radix Aconiti(附子) on the records of the past. According to the role of Radix Aconiti(附子), we can divide into four group. (1) In the case of excess in the upper and deficiency in the lower(上盛下虛), heat in the upper and cold in the lower(上熱下寒), Radix Aconiti(附子) supplies the fire from the gate of life(命門火) and the fire of deficiency type(虛火) is recurred into the origine(根源) by it. (2) In the case that Yang(陽) is kept externally by Yin(陰)-excess in the interior(陰盛格陽), and there is heat syndrome in the exterior with cold syndrome in the interior(裏寒外熱), Radix Aconiti(附子) can remove cold(祛寒) and revitalizes(回陽). (3) In the case of the heat of excess type syndrome(實熱證), Radix Aconiti(附子) treats heat-syndrome(熱證) with heat-clearing(淸熱) drug. (4) In the case of wind-syndrome(風證) and phlegm-syndrome(痰證), Radix Aconiti(附子) supplies the kidney-Yang(元陽) and promotes movement of the other drugs. According to frequency in use of drugs, we can divide into four group. (1) In e case of the fire of deficiency type(虛火), Radix Aconiti(附子) is used with drugs of invigorating-Yin(補陰), invigorating-Yang(補陽) and diuresis(利水), such as Rhizoma rehmanniae(熟地黃), Cortex cinnamomi(肉桂), Fructus comi(山茱萸), Poria, etc. (2) In the case that Yang is kept externally by Yin(陰)-excess in the interior(陰盛格陽), Radix Aconiti(附子) is used with drugs of dispelling cold(祛寒) and revitalization(回陽), such as Rhizoma zingiberis siccatum(乾薑), Radix glycyrrhizae(甘草), Radix ginseng(人蔘), etc. (3) In the case of the heat of excess type syndrome(實熱證), Radix Aconiti(附子) is used with drugs of heat-clearing(淸熱), such as Rhizoma coptidis(黃蓮). (4) In the case of wind-syndrome(風證) and phlegm-syndrome(痰證), Radix Aconiti(附子) is used with drugs of dispersing(發散), invigorating(補氣), enriching the blood(補血), removing the phlegm(去痰), heat-clearing(淸熱). such as Radix oxterici koreani(羌活), Radix ledebouriellae(防風), Radix ginseng(人蔘), Radix angelicae gigantis(當歸), etc. Especially in many of cases, Radix Aconiti(附子) is used with drugs of nourishing-Yin(滋陰), but it is hardly used with drugs of treating middle-jiao energy(中氣).

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.89-101
• /
• 2010

Lee Jae Won is a scholar who wrote the most in Euirim, a representative Oriental Medical magazine after the liberation of Korea, on the Sa-am Acupuncture Method. In order to understand the principles of this method, he proposed rather distinctive theories called the Comparative Pulse Diagnosis and the Five Constitutions. Lee Jae Won distinguished the deficiency and exuberance of the Five Phases through the Comparative Pulse Diagnosis, and set harmonizing the Five Phases by tonifying the deficient and purging the exuberant as the object of the Sa-am Acupuncture Method. He took pulses from both the patient's hands and distinguished the deficiency and exuberance of the five viscera. Then, he balanced the Five Phases by tonifying the weakest viscus and purging the strongest viscus. Lee Jae Won argued that because the Five Constitutions are something that one has innately, people suffer from differnet diseases according to their constitutions. Therefore, he argued, when treating a patient, one should first decide the constitution of the patient and then treat the patient according to his/her deficiency or exuberance. From the late 50's to early 60's, Lee Jae Won wrote Acupuncture and Moxibustion According to Yin-Yang and the Five Phases, explaining the principles of the Sa-am Acupuncture Method and its applications. Seen from this, Lee Jae Won is a person from whom we can confirm the historical lineage of the Sa-am Acupuncture Method after the liberation of Korea.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.280-285
• /
• 2002

Pruritus is [CHECK DEFN] itchy feeling of one's skin. We often face stroke patients who complain about Pruritus. They occasionally fail to fall asleep or have a secondary infection as a result of scratching. For these reasons, severe Pruritus brings down general condition and interferes with recovery. The causes of Pruritus are distributed to from skin diseases and from internal diseases. Especially among the skin diseases, Xerotic Eczema, which is called Senile Eczema causes the dry skin in the elderly, especially lower limb's extensor part. According to the epidemiology, 20% of the old have Xerotic Eczema. In oriental medicine, Pruritus is called Pungsoyang(風瘙痒), Pungyang(風痒), Yangpung(痒風), Sinyang(身痒). The cause of Pruritus is divided into two. One is endogenous factors and the other is exogenous factors. The former are deficiency of blood(血虛), blood fever(血熱), wind-heat due to internal damage(內傷風熱), damp-heat in the liver and gallbladder(肝膽濕熱), endogenous wind stirring in the liver(肝風內動), deticiency syndrome of the spleen(脾虛), deficiency of Yin of the liver and kidneys(肝腎陰虛) and deficiency of the Penetration and Conception Vessels(衝任不足). The latter are wind-cold due to exogenous affection(外感風寒) and wind-heat due to exogenous affection(外感風寒). We report two stroke patients who complained of severe Pruritus They were diagnosed as having Xerotic Eczema by a dermatologist. We regarded their Pruritus as blood fever(血熱) and wind-heat(風熱) and prescribed Sopung-San to these patients. These patients showed significant improvement.

• Herbal Formula Science
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2002

From the 24 kinds of literature on the Consumptive disease, it can be concluded as follows. 1. The consumptive disease is the Imparement of deficiency type due to overstrain. it is a general term for these all symptom such as and Deficiency of primordial Qi and Essence of life and blood. 2. The excessive fire due to Yin-Deficiency and the injury of spleen-stomach is accounted much of the cause of Consumptive disease. 3. The main cause of the Hepatic asthenia are the Anger, Consumption and over-thinking. 4. The symptoms of the Consumptive disease are mainly caused by the functional disorder of Liver taking charge of tendons. storing and regulating blood, Heart being in charge of blood circulation. taking charge of mental activities. Spleen taking charge of muscles, transforting and transforming nutrients. Lung taking charge of skins and hairs, taking charge of respirations, Kidney taking charge of bones, storing essence of life. 5. The main symptoms of Hepatic asthenia are flaccidity of muscles and temeons which causes limited movement caused by muscular atonia and the loss of bightness of eyes. 6. The main treatments of Consumptive disease are the invigorating the Spleen-stomach and the invigorating the Kidney and storing essence of life. 7. The treatments of Hepatic asthenia are the moderating the middle and the nourishing the muscles and tendons.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.79-93
• /
• 2018

Objectives : The climate changes in the natural realm displays pheonomena of excess and deficiency due to the principle of Yiyinyiyangzhiweidao. Here, overabundant qi arises due to the works of multiplication and insultation. When this overabundant qi is in force, the retaliating qi appears without fail to create a parallel. This is the Autonomous Equilibrium Mechanism found in the natural world. Studying this mechanism is deeply significant in understanding the mechanisms of diseases. Methods : The paper is written by reviewing the texts found in Huangdineijing's Chapters of Yunqi, which are $Q{\grave{i}}jiaobiandalun$, Wuchangzhengdalun, $Liuyuanzhengj{\grave{i}}dalun$, Zhizhenyaodalun, and Suwenliuqixuanzhumiyu. Results & Conclusions : The overabundance and retaliation in Five Circuits take the form of the restrained child of the Five Circuits takes revenge on the overabundant qi on behalf of his mother. The overabundance and retaliation in Six Qi take the form of rapid healing of Benqi which was in stagnation. Traditionally, overabundant qi is the only one in existence when the Five Circuits are in excess and the year of Hai yin wu wei you xu's regular transformation. During this time, retaliating qi does not exist. When Five Circuits are in deficiency and in the year of Si shen zi chou mao chen's pattern transformation, both the overabundant and deficiency qis exist. However, regardless of regular transformation or pattern transformation, overabundant qi and retaliating qi cannot exist at the same time. This seems to be the rational conclusion. There are some regulations that overabundance and retaliation follow. First, the strong and weak, and number of days coincide. Second, overabundance qi appear during the first half of the period when the qi of controling heaven is in place. During the later half of the period when the qi of terrestrial effect is in force, retaliation qi is the one that appears. Third, overabundance and retaliation does not end with one time. Rather, they will continue to repeat appearance and disappearance without any set pattern. Fourth, the overabundance and retaliation of the guest qi and dominant qi only has overabundance and no retaliation.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.505-511
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the difference about pathogenesis of smoker and non-smoker. Author used DSOM to investigate oriental pathogenesis. Smoke group is consisted of people who have history of smoke, and they don't have history of lung disease(Athma, tuberculosis, COPD, suchlike). Non-smoke group is consisted of people who have no history of smoke and they also don't have history of lung disease. Author carried out each group's PFT(Pulmonary Function Test) by AST(American Thoracic Society) method. DSOM was used for pathogenesis investigation of two groups. There was significant difference between smoke group and non-smoke group in FVC (p<0.05), and In non-smoke group, there was significant difference between male and famale in FVC, FVC%, FEV1, FEV1%. There was significant difference between smoke group and non-smoke group in Heat(熱), Cold(寒)(p<0.05). In Male grouop there was significant difference between smoker and non-smoker in deficiency of Deficiency of Yin(陰虛), Heat(熱). In non-smoke group comparison of sex, there was significant difference between male and female in Deficiency of blood(血虛), dampness(濕)(p<0.05). This result showed that the difference of pathogenesis between smoke group and non-smoke group.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.93-100
• /
• 2004

This study was carried out for analyzing pathological and epidemiological factors of osteoporosis and doing pilot test using trial compounds of tuna bone and oriental herbs based on the factors. Osteoporosis is originated from osteoblast, osteoclast, organic and inorganic factors etc. Therefore the pathology of osteoporosis is not simple because the cytokine, growth factors and hormones of the components are various a lot. Taking a view of epidemiological factors of type I osteoporosis, ageㆍmenarcheㆍcholesterolㆍBMI etc. have definite relation to them. So we can approach to aging or consumptive disease in oriental medicine, specifically differential diagnosis of blood depletion with deficiency of qi, deficiency of kidney, deficiency of yin, bony weakness etc. And it should be considered together with rules for maintaining good health or habit concomitantly. Therefore IL1ㆍ6 or TNF αㆍβ are generally used as molecular biological index for osteoblast and osteoclast because the most important index is bone mineral density and strength, but the factors like collagen and noncollagen protein must be accounted as biomarkers. Trial compounds generally showed favorable effects on accompanying subjective symptoms of osteoporosis in the pilot test for menopausal woman. But if she didn't have specific symptoms of osteoporosis there wasn't any specific change. And osteocalcin was increased in case of being under standard level, but wasn't changed in case of normal level. Therefore these trial compounds can be used as a funcdonal diet for type I osteoporotic patients or preventive measures.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.590-595
• /
• 2005

The following conclusions are produced by the consideration of Bojungikki-tang(補中益氣湯) from the view point of Hyungsang medicine. A review on the explanation and provisions of Bojungikki-tang stipulated in 'Donguibogam(東醫寶鑑)' results in the idea that the main purpose of Dongwon(東垣) and various application in clinic by Jeesan(芝山) cannot be understood without the deep comprehension of ki(especially Jungki and Wonki) and the fire. Jungki(中氣, the middle warmer ki) is the ki of stomach. Wonki(元氣, the original ki) is a combination of innate Jung(先天之精, Ki stored between the two kidneys) and acquired Jung(後天之精, Ki of the stomach) and the sources of five Jang and six Bu, twelve meridians and triple warmer. Yin fire is referred to the ministerial fire of spleen, liver and kidney. Excess or lack of the ministerial fire can cause a disease and especially the excess of it is harmful to original ki. Deficiency of original ki is thought to be a cause of allergic diseases. Damages on the original ki by the abdominal surgery lead to a disease. Pale complexion, long face and the long limbs are considered as the Hyungsang of deficiency of Jung ki by Jeesan. Clinical cases of Bojungikki-tang in Hyungsang medicine draw the following conclusions ; Bojungikki-tang is usually prescribed to the person who has one of the following Hyungsang : Bangkwang type, pale complexion, long face, short-sight, astigmatism and wrinkles on face. Bojungikki-tang can be applied to the every disease caused by the deficiency of original ki regardless of name and symptoms of disease.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.585-592
• /
• 2014

This study is to develop a standard tool for pattern identifications in Korean Medicine for Lung Cancer. The advisor committee for this study was organized by 12 Korean Medicine professors from the Korean Association of Traditional Oncology. The item and structure of instrument were based on review of published literature. We took the consultation twice from the advisor committee and additional advices by e-mail correspondences. We divided the symptoms and signs of lung cancer into 6 pattern identifications. - lung spleen both deficiency (肺脾兩虛), lung kidney both deficiency (肺腎兩虛), dampness phlegm obstructing the lung (濕痰蘊肺), qi stagnation blood stasis (氣滯血瘀), yin deficiency toxin heat (陰虛毒熱), and heat toxin accumulation (熱毒蘊結). We obtained the mean weights which reflected the standard deviations from each symptoms of the 6 pattern identifications which were scored on a 5-point scale by 12 experts. We designed the Korean medicine pattern identification tool for lung cancer. It was composed of 57 questions in the question-and-answer format. Though there are some limits that this study is not proved about validity and reliability, the instrument is meaningful and expected to be applied to the subsequent research.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.661-689
• /
• 2000

We came to the conculsion after considering all of information from many kinds of books on the cause, pathogenesis and treatment of Flaccidity-syndrome. The results were as follows : 1. Flaccidity-syndrome means limb-relaxation due to muscle atony that isn't able to constraction. It's begun as mild degree from extremities, in some cases ended to quadriplegia or expire. 2. Cause factor and pathogenesis of Flaccidity-syndrome is various. After Lung fluid consuption caused by heat-evil was refered in The Yellow Emperor's Canon of Internal Medicine. They were refered as cause factor that Main channel asthenia, excess of sexual intercourse, wetness-evil, heat-evil gets into the interior, asthenia of the spleen and stomach. Since Ming Dynasty, It's classified to wetness-heat evil, wetness-phlegm, deficiency of vital energy, deficiency of blood, deficiency of yin, blood stasis and indygestion, etc. 3. In the view of treatment of Flaccidity-syndrome, Yangming was selected in The Yellow Emperor's Canon of Internal Medicine, and it's been mean to clear away wetness-heat evil located at Yangming. In the method of acupuncture it was same on the base, and many skills have been used that electronic acupuncture, point-injection theraphy, acupuncture point block, catgut implantaion at acupuncture point, cutaneous acupuncture, auriculo-acupuncture and head acupuncture by the through post generation. 4. Flaccidity-syndrome was defined to weak, disuse and non-pain. Beacause it was non-pain, so medicine to expel wind-evil was prevented to use. But through post generation Flaccidity-syndrome has been treated that is able to cause pain or numness as arthralgia-syndrome. Therefore there is tendency that medicine to expel wind-evil is capable within pathological basement of Flaccidity-syndrome in recent. 5. In the view of west-medicine, Flaccidity-syndrome is diplegia or quadriplegia with sensory disorder, muscle atropy in some cases. And there are spinal disease, peripheral nerve disease, muscular disease, nerve-muscle copula disease. The symptoms are able to amyotomia, numness, sensory disorder, pain.