• 한국작물학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.237-240
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• 2000

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of split application of nitrogen(N) on development of vascular bundle(VB) and yield components of rice. Two cultivars were used in this study; IR58, an indica type and Shinunbongbyeim a japonica type. The number and total cross sectional area of the VB in the peduncle and leaf blade were more and bigger in N split application than 100 percent basal fertilizer. Nitrogen split application at necknode differentiation stage increased the number and size of the VB. Nitrogen split application resulted in increased panicle number with application of N before transplanting and at tillering stage; increased spikelets number with N application at necknode differentiation stage; and increased spikelet fertility and 1000 grain weight with N application at necknode differentiation and heading stages. Grain yield increased 7-10% in N split as compared to all basal application. The total cross sectional area of VB in peduncle closely correlated with the number of spikelets per panicle. Nitrogen management can have an impact on spikelet differentiation through more and bigger VB and increase grain yield potential.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2008

Growth and yield prediction methods, ranging from whole-stand models to individual-tree models, have been developed for forest types managed for wood production. The resultant models are used for a host of purposes including inventory updating, management planning, evaluation of silvicultural alternatives, and harvest scheduling. Because of the large investment in developing growth and yield models for improved genotypes and silvicultural practices for loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) in the Southern United States, this region serves to illustrate approaches for modelling intensively managed forests. Analytical methods and computing power generally do not restrict development of reliable growth and yield models. However, long-term empirical observations on stand development, which are time consuming and expensive to obtain, often limit modelling efforts. Given that growth and yield models are used to project present volumes and to evaluate alternative treatment effects, data of both the inventory type and the experimental type are needed. Data for developing stand simulators for loblolly pine plantations have been obtained from a combination of permanent plots in operational forest stands and silvicultural experiments; these data collection efforts are described and summarized. Modelling is essential for integrating and synthesizing diverse information, identifying knowledge gaps, and making informed decisions. The questions being posed today are more complex than in the past, thus further accentuating the need for comprehensive models for stand development.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.161-171
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• 2022

The edible paddy straw mushroom Volvariella volvacea (Bull. ex F.) Singer has high nutritional and medicinal values. They are grown on a wide variety of agricultural by-products using different several methods. The result of this present study showed that type of bed and cultivation condition (outdoor/indoor) had effects on the yield of paddy straw mushrooms grown on the spent oyster mushroom sawdust. The treatment of circular compact bed under indoor cultivation condition (CYIC) had the best yield and biological efficiency (B.E.) with 2,119.2 g/bed and 14.5%, respectively, followed by the treatment of conventional bed under outdoor cultivation condition (COOC) with the yield and B.E. of 1,935.5 g/bed and 13.2%, respectively, but the lowest yield and B.E. were observed in the treatment of conventional bed under indoor cultivation condition (COIC) with 1,226.1 g/bed and 8.4%, respectively. Paddy straw mushrooms cultivated on spent oyster mushroom sawdust should be proper in both outdoor and indoor conditions by conventional and circular compact methods as well. However, in indoor conditions, paddy straw mushrooms should be grown in a circular compact bed to ensure the temperature of the bed is suitable for the mushroom growth.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제29권12호
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• pp.77-82
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• 2015

Ozone is a powerful disinfectant and oxidizing agent, and it is used in a wide range of applications, such as waste water treatment, food processing, etc.. There is also a great potential of using ozone in new emerging medical applications, such as ozone dentistry and ozone oxygen therapy. For these purposes, simple, small, compact and efficient sources of ozone are needed. In this study, in order to increase the current-voltage range of the discharge and to avoid the overheating of the gas in the ozonizer we suggested ozonizer of injection needle and plate electrode type(INP Type) with the gas through the needle. A ozonizer of INP type have been investigated by focusing on ozone concentration and yield according to flow rates and Gap of two electrodes. The results of studies of ozone production for DC corona discharge in oxygen at atmospheric pressure about the ozonizer of INP type. The ozone concentration and the generation yield increased as the gap of two electrodes and gas flow were decreased. Also, when the gap of two electrodes and gas flow with no change, the ozone concentration and generation yield each have variation of direct proportion and inverse proportion with discharge voltage.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.3.1-3.7
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• 2017

Background: The modelling of lactation curve provides guidelines in formulating farm managerial practices in dairy cows. The aim of the present study was to determine the suitable non-linear model which most accurately fitted to lactation curves of five lactations in 134 Gir crossbred cows reared in Research-CumDevelopment Project (RCDP) on Cattle farm, MPKV (Maharashtra). Four models viz. gamma-type function, quadratic model, mixed log function and Wilmink model were fitted to each lactation separately and then compared on the basis of goodness of fit measures viz. adjusted $R^2$, root mean square error (RMSE), Akaike's Informaion Criteria (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC). Results: In general, highest milk yield was observed in fourth lactation whereas it was lowest in first lactation. Among the models investigated, mixed log function and gamma-type function provided best fit of the lactation curve of first and remaining lactations, respectively. Quadratic model gave least fit to lactation curve in almost all lactations. Peak yield was observed as highest and lowest in fourth and first lactation, respectively. Further, first lactation showed highest persistency but relatively higher time to achieve peak yield than other lactations. Conclusion: Lactation curve modelling using gamma-type function may be helpful to setting the management strategies at farm level, however, modelling must be optimized regularly before implementing them to enhance productivity in Gir crossbred cows.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.183-189
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• 2006

건물 생산 및 수량 관련 특성들을 비교 검토하고자, 시대별로 보급 면적이 넓었던 Japonica 6품종과 통일형 3품종에 대하여 건물 생산 특성인 광소멸계수(K), 광이용효율(RUE), 누적엽면적지수(LAD) 등과 수량 및 수량구성요소를 조사하였고, 각 특성들을 비교 검토하였다. 벼 군락의 K는 70년대 이전에 보급된 품종은 0.5이상으로 높은 값을 보였으나, 그 이후에 나온 Japonica 품종과 통일형 품종은 0.5보다 낮은 값을 보였다. 출수전 RUE는 japonica 품종 중에서는 팔달벼가 가장 낮았고, 조동지와 낙동벼가 높았으며, 통일형 품종 중에서는 밀양23호가 유의하게 낮았으나 품종육성연대에 따른 일정한 변화경향은 없었다. 한편 등숙기 RUE는 품종간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. LAD는 품종간에 유의적인 차이가 있었는데, 최근에 육성된 품종일수록 LAD가 큰 경향이었다. 출수기까지의 LAD는 출수기 건물중과 유의한 상관이 인정되지 않았으나, 출수 후 LAD 및 전 생육기간의 LAD는 등숙기 건물생산량 및 수확기 건물중과 각각 유의한 정의 상관이 있었다. 출수기 및 수확기 건물중은 품종간에 유의적인 차이는 없었으나 통일계 품종의 경우는 최근에 육성된 품종일수록 높은 경향이었다. 수량은 자포니카 품종의 경우 1900년대 이전 품종인 조동지만이 유의하게 수량이 낮았으며, 그 이후에 육성된 japonica 품종 간에는 수량의 차이는 없었다. 통일형 품종은 최근에 육성된 품종일수록 수량이 높은 경향이었다, 수량은 단위면적당 영화수와 유의한 정의 상관관계가 있었는데 통일계 품종은 최근에 육성된 품종일수록 단위면적당 영화수가 많았다. 이상의 결과를 요약하면 japonica 품종의 경우 육성보급 연대에 따른 건물생산 특성인 K, RUE 및 LAD의 일정한 변화 경향이 없었으나, 통일계 품종의 경우는 최근에 육성된 품종일수록 수량이 증가하였는데, 이는 영화수 증대에 따른 sink size 증대와 더불어 LAD증대에 따른 건물생산성 증대에 기인하는 것이었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.85-92
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• 1969

우리나라 수도작개량의 방향은 단위당 수량을 향상시키되 어디까지나 지역전체에 고도기술의 적용으로 고단수를 평준화시키면서 능률면에서도 공동작업관리로 이끌어 노동생산성을 높혀야 한다는데 있으므로 이를 구현하는 생산체제인 수도집단재배의 수행을 위한 이론을 연구하고 그 발전을 위한 기대효과와 전망을 구명하여야 하는바 현재까지의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 수도작지대에서 고단수의 평준화를 위한 생산기술을 보급하고 고능율의 경영을 위해서는 집단재배가 가장 효과적인 방법의 하나이다. 2. 효과적인 집단재배를 실천하기 위하여는 단지의 수리, 토양, 품종 기타 영농상황을 보다 체계화하여야 한다. 3. 이와같은 기간재배기술은 경작농가의 협의에 의하여 재배력을 작성하고 단지내에서의 모든 재배법은 재배력에 의하여 통일되며 기간기술의 작업은 공동으로 하고 기타 세부작업은 개발로 한다. 4. 개별경영에서는 충실하게 도입되기 어려웠던 기술이 집단재배에서는 용이하게 도입될 수 있었으며 1968년도의 전국 집단재배 성적을 보면 일반재배에 비하여 평균 23.3%의 증수를 보이고 있다. 5. 현재 우리나라 집단재배의 형태는 초보적인 협정 영농형을 중심으로 추진되고 있는데 일부작업에는 공동작업형 및 청부작업형도 드물게 결합되고 있는 것이 보이고 있으나 앞으로 보다 안정다수확을 위한 성력화 또는 대규모의 기계화를 위해서는 공동작업형을 촉진시키면서 입지조건에 따라 기술신탁형이나 청부작업형을 결합시켜 나가는 방향으로 발전되어야 할것이다.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-26
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• 1975

These studies were attempted to find out the optimum silk reeling system by use of automatic silk reeling machine to increase raw silk yield and reeling efficiency with various silk reelable cocoons. The obtained results are as follows; 1. The mean silk reelability ratio(X)of the Korean cocoons during the last ten years was 61 per cent, beside 64.7 per cent in autumn cocoon and 57.3 per cent in spring cocoon. However, the ratio variation of autumn cocoons was larger than that of spring cocoons. 2. A positive correlation between cocoon filament breaks during its process and silk reelability levels was shown to be significant. The cocoons of both poor and good reelability evidenced "J" shape distribution on the filament break graph by the order of reeling cocoon end. Many bave breaks were found at the inner shell of the cocoons, or in case of poor reelability cocoons. 3. The morphology of broken cocoon ends during the process was classified into A, B, C, D, E and F types, The occurrence of B type was majority, but that of F type was minority among them. 4. In case of the cocoon cooking, H-type ion-exchanged soft water was better for good reelability cocoons, Na and H-type ion exchanged neutral soft water for those of fair reelability, and alkaline (Na-type) soft water for those of poor reelability, respectively. 5. The modification of cooking water by mixing the above different types of water (50％ Na-type and 50％ H-type passed by standard natural water; 75％ Na-type and 25％ H-type passed by hard natural water; 25％ Na-type and 75％ H-type passed by soluble natural water) made higher yield of raw silk with tess breaks of thread. 6, In case cocoon ends groping water included sodium hexametaphosphate as much as 800 ppm. the groping efficiency and raw silk yield of cocoon was improved. The effect was pronounced in case of poor reelability cordons. 7. The most reasonable cocoon cooking and silk reeling condition for automatic silk reeling process were observed to be rather incomplete cook with good reelability cocoons and optimum cook with poor reelability cocoons succeeded by the reeling bath temperature of 45$^{\circ}C$, 8. The reasonable silk reeling velocities were observed to be about 150m per min. for good reelability cocoons, 120m per min. for fair reelability ones and 90 to 120m per min. for poor reelability ones. 9. In order to improve the raw silk yield of cocoons and reeling efficiency, the cocoon stand-by-ratio for reeling should be kept at the level of 40 per cent for good reelability cocoons or at 60 per cent for poor reelability ones beside necessary end found cocoon condition.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.187-190
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• 2006

저 마약형 대마 품종이 육성되지 않았을 경우 그 대안으로서 섬유용 대마의 THC 함량을 낮추기 위해 저 마약형 도입 유전자원중 경장은 작지만 개화기가 재래종과 비슷한 IH3 과 재래종 종자를 1:1, 2:1, 3:1로 혼합하여 채종시험을 실시하고 각 혼합비율별로 채종한 종자를 섬유용으로 재배하여 종실용 및 섬유용 대마 생육특성과 수량, 그리고 cannabinoid 함량분포를 검정한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 채종시험에서 IH3 의 비율이 클수록 천립중은 무거웠으나 종실수량은 100 kg/10a 내외로 차이가 없었다. 혼합비율별로 집단 채종한 종자를 섬유용으로 재배하였을 때 섬유수량은 $193{\sim}198kg/10a$로 비슷하였으나 THC 함량은 종자 IH3 혼합비율이 클수록 낮아져 3:1 에서는 0.39%이었다. THC 및 CBD 함량분포에서도 IH3 혼합비율이 높을수록 마약형 및 중간형 비율이 낮아졌고 저 마약형 비율은 증가하였다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.339-339
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• 2017

The long grain rice varieties adaptable to South-east Asia tropical regions were tried to develop in Cambodian Agriculture Research and Development Institute (CARDI), Cambodia. The final goal is to develop rice varieties which can culture in diverse environmental conditions of tropical regions of South-east Asia under climate change. We collected and evaluated for agronomic traits of 131 rice germplasm from Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Philippines and Vietnam in CARDI. We selected core germplasm including leading varieties of target countries and made 813 F1 cross combinations between leading varieties of each country and promising germplasm of high yield potential, resistance to biotic/abiotic stresses, aromatic rice, and so on. Out of 607 F1s evaluated to heading date, plant type, agronomic traits, and grain type, 106 F1s selected and advanced to F2 populations. 106 F2 populations were evaluated to major agronomic traits, grain type and yield-component traits, and selected 2,560 plants in 62 F2 populations. During six seasons in 2014~2016, the lines of F3 subsequent-generation were cultured a total of 6,256 lines. In yield trial for promising lines in F5 generation, the growth duration from sowing to harvesting was 97~114 days. These lines were 88~129 in number of grain per panicle, an average of 84.6% in the range of 79.3~91.9% in the percentage of ripened grain and 17.5~22.8g in 1000-brown rice weight. The rough rice yields were in the range of 4.33~6.06 ton/ha with an average of 5.23 ton/ha. The yield was increased to 5~47% than Chulsa and 12~41% than IR66. Five lines, KR54-28-1, KR55-14-2, KR57-5-2, KR67-57-2 and KR128-19-1 were 5.33~6.06 ton/ha in rough rice yield. These high yield potential lines would be evaluated to adaptability in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam during 2017.