• Computers and Concrete
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.537-543
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• 2023

To study the seismic behavior of recycled aggregate concrete filled circular steel tube (RACFCST) frames, the seismic behavior experiment of RACFCST frame was carried out to measure the hysteresis curve, skeleton curve and other seismic behavior indexes. Moreover, based on the experimental study, a feasible numerical analysis model was established to analyze the finite element parameters of 8 RACFCST frame specimens, and the influence of different variation parameters on the seismic behavior index for RACFCST frame was revealed. The results showed that the skeleton curve of specimens under different axial compression ratios were divided into three stages: elastic stage, elastic-plastic stage and descending stage, and the descending stage was relatively stable, indicating that the specimen had stronger deformation capacity in the descending stage. With the increase of axial compression ratio, the peak bearing capacity of all specimens reduced gradually, and the reduction was less than 5%. With the decrease of beam-column linear stiffness ratio, the peak bearing capacity decreased gradually. With the decrease of yield bending moment ratio of beam-column, the peak bearing capacity decreased gradually, and the decreasing rate of peak bearing capacity gradually accelerated. In addition, compared with the axial compression ratio, the beam-column linear stiffness ratio and the yield bending moment ratio of beam-column had a more significant influence on the peak bearing capacity of RACFCST frame.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.181-193
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• 2022

This paper seeks to investigate major macroeconomic factors and bond yield interactions in Thai bond markets, with the goal of forecasting future bond yields. This study examines the best predictive yields for future bond yields at different maturities of 1-, 3-, 5-, 7-, and 10-years using time series data of economic indicators covering the period from 1998 to 2020. The empirical findings support the hypothesis that macroeconomic factors influence bond yield fluctuations. In terms of forecasting future bond yields, static predictions reveal that in most cases, the BVAR model offers the best predictivity of bond rates at various maturities. Furthermore, the BVAR model has the best performance in dynamic rolling-window, forecasting bond yields with various maturities for 2-, 4-, and 8-quarters. The findings of this study imply that the BVAR model forecasts future yields more accurately and consistently than other competitive models. Our research could help policymakers and investors predict bond yield changes, which could be important in macroeconomic policy development.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.497-516
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• 2014

The ultimate carrying capacity of axially loaded welded square box section members made of medium and high strength steels (nominal yield stresses varying from 345 MPa to 460 MPa), with large width-to-thickness ratios ranging from 35 to 70, is analyzed by finite element method (FEM). At the same time, the numerical results are compared with the predicted results using Direct Strength Method (DSM), modified DSM and Effective Yield Strength Method (EYSM). It shows that curve a, rather than curve b recommended in Code for design of steel structures GB50017-2003, should be used to check the local-overall interaction buckling strength of welded square section columns fabricated from medium and high strength steels when using DSM, modified DSM and EYSM. Despite all this, EYSM is conservative. Compared to EYSM and modified DSM, DSM provides a better prediction of the ultimate capacities of welded square box compression members with large width-thickness ratios over a wide range of width-thickness ratios, slenderness ratios and steel grades. However, for high strength steels (nominal yield strength greater than 460 MPa), the numerical and existent experimental results indicate that DSM overestimates the load-carrying capacities of the columns with width-thickness ratio smaller than 45 and slenderness ratio less than 80. Further, for the purpose of making it suitable for a wider scope, DSM has been modified (called proposed modified DSM). The proposed modified DSM is in excellent agreement with the numerical and existing experimental results.

• Management Science and Financial Engineering
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.125-136
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• 2005

As the importance of time-based competition is increasing, information systems for supporting the immediate decision making is strongly required. Especially high -tech product firms are under extreme pressure of rapid response to the demand side due to relatively short life cycle of the product. Therefore, the objective of our research is proposing a framework of estimating demand curve based on e-auction data, which is extremely easy to access and well reflect the limited demand curve in that channel. Firstly, we identify the advantages of using e-auction data for full demand curve estimation and then verify it using Agent-Eased-Modeling and Tobin's censored regression model.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.86-95
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• 2003

During this study, constant stress ratio tests with previous compression anisotropic stress history are performed on compacted decomposed granite soil sampled at Iksan, Jeonbuk. Yielding points are determined from stress-strain curves. The shape and characteristics of compression anisotropic yield curves is examined. In addition, the measured value of yielding curve and stress-strain behavior is predicted by Yasufuku's anisotropic constitutive model based on non-associated flow rule. The main results are summarized as follows : 1) Shape of yielding curves shows almost ellipse but asymmetry with respect to stress path during previous consolidation stress. 2) Yasufuku's anisotropic constitutive model is suitable in evaluation of yielding curves on anisotropic consolidated decomposed granite soil. 3) The predicted stress-strain curve shows reasonable agreement to measured behaviours.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 인장과 압축실험 데이터를 사용하여 재료의 응력-변형률 곡선을 얻었다. 시편에 네킹 현상이 발생하기 전에는 인장실험의 결과를 토대로 각 재료의 영률값과 항복강도를 찾았다. 이후 비선형 거동은 압축실험의 데이터를 이용해 나타냈다. 이렇게 얻어진 재료의 실제응력-변형률 곡선을 구간 멱함수법을 사용해 변형률 구간별로 회귀하였다. 회귀하여 구한 곡선과 실제 재료의 응력-변형률 곡선을 비교해 최적 회귀방법과 상응하는 변형률 회귀구간을 찾았다. 하나와 두 변수에 의한 회귀를 혼용하면 가장 적절한 회귀 방법이 얻어진다. 우선 두 변수들로 회귀하여 항복강도를 찾는다. 뤼더변형률이 없는 재료의 항복강도를 예측에는 초기구간 데이터만을 이용해야 오차를 최소화 할 수 있다. 한편 뤼더변형률이 재료들은 곡선의 후반부 데이터를 사용해야 정확한 물성치를 찾아낼 수 있다. 이어 항복 강도가 구해진 상황에서 응력-변형률 곡선의 전체 데이터를 사용해, n을 단일변수로 하여 회귀한다. 여기서 얻은 항복강도와 n을 이용하면 실제 실험 응력-변형률 곡선을 가장 유사하게 따라가는 회귀곡선을 얻을 수 있다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.661-668
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• 2002

축산기술연구소 대관령지소에서 사육된 한우 암소 118두에 대해 산유량 및 비유곡선을 추정하고자 하였다. 분만 후 1, 2, 3 및 4개월의 일일 평균 산유량은 3.74${\pm}$0.96kg, 3.64${\pm}$0.97kg, 3.26${\pm}$1.15kg 및 2.99${\pm}$1.08kg 이었으며 4개월간의 일일 평균 산유량은 3.52${\pm}$0.84kg이었다. 일반적인 비유곡선의 상수 추정치는 A(분만직후 첫유량)가 2.4845, b(상향경사도)가 0.1734 및 c(하향경사도)가 0.0060이었다. 최고 추정유량은 3.75kg이었고 최고 유량 도달시기는 29.03일이었는데 초산우 보다는 경산우가 최고 추정 유량이 높고 최고 유량 도달시기가 늦어지는 것으로 나타났으며 봄철 분만우가 가을철 분만우에 비해 최고 추정 유량이 높고 최고 유량 도달시기가 늦어지는 것으로 나타났으며 봄철 분만우가 가을철 분만우에 비해 최고 추정 유량이 높고 최고 유량 도달시기도 빨라지는 경향을 보였다.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.214-228
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• 2022

The yield criterion, or called yield function, plays an important role in the study of plastic working of a sheet because it governs the plastic deformation properties of the sheet during plastic forming process. In this paper, we propose a novel anisotropic yield function useful for describing the plastic behavior of various anisotropic sheets. The proposed yield function includes the anisotropic version of the second stress invariant J₂ and the third stress invariant J₃. The anisotropic yield function newly proposed in this study is as follows. F(J₂)+ αG(J₃)+ βH (J₂ × J₃) = k^m The proposed yield function well explains the anisotropic plastic behavior of various sheets by introducing the parameters α and β, and also exhibits both symmetrical and asymmetrical yield surfaces. The parameters included in the proposed model are determined through an optimization algorithm from uniaxial and biaxial experimental data under proportional loading path. In this study, the validity of the proposed anisotropic yield function was verified by comparing the yield surface shape, normalized uniaxial yield stress value, and Lankford's anisotropic coefficient R-value derived with the experimental results. Application for the proposed anisotropic yield function to aluminum sheet shows symmetrical yielding behavior and to pure titanium sheet shows asymmetric yielding behavior, it was shown that the yield curve and yield behavior of various types of sheet materials can be predicted reasonably by using the proposed new yield anisotropic function.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• 제12권3_4호
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• pp.151-155
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• 2000

A semiconducting poly(naphthalene quinone) radical (PNQR) was synthesized from Friedel-Craft acylation between naphthalene and phthalic anhydride and used as dispersing particles of a dry-base electrorheological (ER) material in silicone oil. Under an applied electric field (E), the dynamic yield stress (${\tau}_{dyn}$) of this ER fluid, obtained from a steady shear experiment with a controlled shear rate mode, was observed to increase with $E^{1.45}$ Based on this relationship, we propose a universal correlation curve for shear viscosity, which is independent of E using a scaling analysis.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.397-407
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• 2017

To estimate the structural seismic demand, some methods are based on an equivalent linear system such as the Capacity Spectrum Method, the N2 method and the Equivalent Linearization method. Another category, widely investigated, is based on displacement correction such as the Displacement Coefficient Method and the Coefficient Method. Its basic concept consists in converting the elastic linear displacement of an equivalent Single Degree of Freedom system (SDOF) into a corresponding inelastic displacement. It relies on adequate modifying or reduction coefficient such as the inelastic deformation ratio which is usually developed for systems with known ductility factors ($C_{\mu}$) and ($C_R$) for known yield-strength reduction factor. The present paper proposes a rational approach which estimates this inelastic deformation ratio for SDOF bilinear systems by rigorous nonlinear analysis. It proposes a new inelastic deformation ratio which unifies and combines both $C_{\mu}$ and $C_R$ effects. It is defined by the ratio between the inelastic and elastic maximum lateral displacement demands. Three options are investigated in order to express the inelastic response spectra in terms of: ductility demand, yield strength reduction factor, and inelastic deformation ratio which depends on the period, the post-to-preyield stiffness ratio, the yield strength and the peak ground acceleration. This new inelastic deformation ratio ($C_{\eta}$) is describes the response spectra and is related to the capacity curve (pushover curve): normalized yield strength coefficient (${\eta}$), post-to-preyield stiffness ratio (${\alpha}$), natural period (T), peak ductility factor (${\mu}$), and the yield strength reduction factor ($R_y$). For illustrative purposes, instantaneous ductility demand and yield strength reduction factor for a SDOF system subject to various recorded motions (El-Centro 1940 (N/S), Boumerdes: Algeria 2003). The method accuracy is investigated and compared to classical formulations, for various hysteretic models and values of the normalized yield strength coefficient (${\eta}$), post-to-preyield stiffness ratio (${\alpha}$), and natural period (T). Though the ductility demand and yield strength reduction factor differ greatly for some given T and ${\eta}$ ranges, they remain take close when ${\eta}>1$, whereas they are equal to 1 for periods $T{\geq}1s$.