• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.413-420
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the effect of trunk stability exercise on various support base and posture on gait speed, static and dynamic balance performance. Methods : Included 17 persons with stroke who were living in the community. Trunk stability exercise program was conducted three times per week, 50 minutes per session, for 8 consecutive weeks. Subjects were tested with 10 m walking test(sec), multidirectional reach test (cm), timed get up and go test(sec) and K.A.T.3000 at both (pre and post treatment) time points. Paired t-test was used to exam mean differences between pre and post treatment by using SPSS 12.0. Results : After 8 weeks exercise program, there were significant differences in gait speed, static and dynamic balance performance(p<0.05). Conclusion : This study have shown that trunk stability exercise on various support base and posture improve physical functions(gait speed, static and dynamic balance performance).

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.185-192
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the cognition, balance, quality of life and the correlation of these variables in the elderly. Methods: This study was a descriptive survey research. The samples were 86 and variables were measured by structured questionnaire and physical balance movements. The data were analyzed with %, t-test, ${\chi}^2$-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation by SPSS ver. 19.0 for windows. Results: The cognition score was 24.02 which means within normal limits. The balance score was 11.83 and the score of QOL was 82.67 which were similar to other research results. There were significant differences in the balance (p<.001) and the QOL (p=.004) by the cognition level. A significant correlation among the cognition, balance and the QOL was observed. Conclusion: The cognition was closely related with the balance and the QOL. The cognitive stimulus and the balance exercise could help the improvement of QOL in the elderly.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.223-228
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of balance training using a training mat on the postural balance of the elderly individuals. Methods: Thirty-five participants were selected from a falling prevention class and were randomly allocated to two groups; 17 in an exercise group (EG, $72.7{\pm}5.1$ years) and 18 in the control group ($74.9{\pm}4.0$ years). The EG underwent balance training using training mats for 60 minutes a day, 2 days a week, for 4 weeks. Postural balance parameter (timed up and go test, functional reach test, and one leg standing) were measured pre- and post- training. Results: The EG showed significant improvements in all variables that were analyzed. Conclusion: This study confirmed that balance training using a training mat effectively improves the postural balance in elderly people at risk for falling.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.1-5
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• 2011

Purpose: This study examined the relationship between the center of pressure (COP) displacement time during the stance phase and dynamic balance ability when older adults cross a 10 cm obstacle. Methods: Fifteen older adults were enrolled in this study (all ${\geq}65$ years of age). The F-scan was used to measure the COP displacement time when subjects cross a 10 cm obstacle, and the Dynamic gait index. Berg's balance scale and the Four square step test were used to measure dynamic balance ability. Results: The Dynamic gait index, Berg's balance scale and the Four square step test were correlated with each other. Dynamic balance ability was correlated with COP displacement time during the stance phase at an obstacle crossing in older adults. Conclusion: People with higher dynamic balance ability show a smaller COP displacement time during the stance phase at an obstacle crossing. Therefore, dynamic balance ability can be predicted by measuring the center of pressure displacement time.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.73-84
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• 2007

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to determine risk factors and methods in balance assessment associated with fall in older adults. Methods : This article describes many of the tools that can be used to evaluate the physical parameters associated with fall risk in older adults. Results : Composite ratings of performance(Tinetti balance assessment, Guralnik test battery, Berg balance scale, modified-physical performance test) measures the score compounding the balance measure to determine fall risk. Static balance instruments are composed of FICSIT-4 that measures the ability of maintaining foot positions and CTSIB that measures postural stability. Dynamic balance instrument is composed of functional reach test. To measure walking velocity and mobility, 8-foot up-and-go test and walking around two cones are used. We can use 1-RM and to measure muscular strength, isokinetic dynamometery, and 30-second chair stand to measure lower extremity muscle strength. Conclusion : The described instruments are easy to use and widespread. To select and use these tool kits carefully is considered to be helpful in identifying those who are most likely to fall. The final part of the article includes a brief discussion of the potential role of exercise training interventions to improve these physical parameters and prevent falls.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.97-104
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• 2017

Purpose: This study seeks to determine the effect of a lower extremity strengthening exercise that uses proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on the gait and balance ability of a stroke patient. Methods: In this case study, a lower extremity strengthening exercise that used PNF was performed by the subject for 30 minutes 4 times per week for a 4-week period alongside typical rehabilitation therapy. The lower extremity pattern used flexion-abduction-internal rotation with knee flexion, extension-abduction-internal rotation, bilateral leg extension pattern. The 10 m walk test and 6 minute walk test were used to assess gait ability. The Berg balance scale was used to assess balance ability. Results: After the intervention, the time for the 10 m walk test decreased by 5.72 sec, the distance for the 6 minute walk test decreased by 20 meters, and the score on the Berg balance scale improved by 7 points, which indicates the effectiveness of this therapy for stroke patients. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that a lower extremity strengthening exercise using PNF can improve the gait ability and balance ability of stroke patients.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.121-127
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aims to compare the effect on balance during core and ankle muscle strengthening exercises using the Thera-Band. Methods: 21 healthy college students were recruited. The participants were divided into a core strengthening group (CSG), an ankle strengthening group (ASG), and a non-exercise group (NEG). CSG and ASG were performed twice a week for a total of 4 weeks, and static and dynamic balance were measured before and after the intervention. The static balance were measured as stability index and weight distribution index using Tetrax^®. The dynamic balance was measured in each direction by the Y balance test. The Thera-Band intensity was increased after 2 weeks of exercise, and the exercise was subsequently performed. Results: Participants showed static balance with Tetrax^®, a significant difference was noted between normal eye closes and pillow with eye closes in ASG (p<0.05). In the case of dynamic balance with the Y balance test, a significant difference was observed in posterolateral direction (PL) and composite score (CS) between each group for the pre- and post-intervention differences (p<0.05). A significant difference was observed between PL and CS in CSG (p<0.05). Conclusion: These findings show that the progressive Thera-Band exercise had a positive effect on balance abilities. It was confirmed that core strengthening was effective for dynamic balance, and ankle strengthening was effective for static balance.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.67-71
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• 2013

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of somatosensory stimulations with joints mobilization in foot on balance and gait speed in elderly women. Methods: This study included 2 female participants aged 72 years. Participants received somatosensory simulations with joints mobilization on both foot for 30 minutes a day, 3 days a week, during a 4 week period. All subjects were assessed using a BT(balance trainer)-4 balance measurement and timed up and go test (TUG), 10m walk test (10MWT). Results: It has been found that static length and static area were reduced and limits of stability was increased in 2 females. TUG test was improved but gait speed was not significantly difference. Conclusion: Those results indicate that somatosensory stimulations with joints mobilization is effective in elderly women to promoting a static and dynamic balance ability.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.29-35
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• 2003

Body weight support treadmill training is a new and promising therapy in gait rehabilitation of patients with hemiplegia. The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of body weight support treadmill training on gait and standing balance in patients with hemiplegia. Eighteen patients with hemiplegia participated in the study. A 10 m-timed walk test, measurements of step length and standing balance score were administered. Intervention consisted of body weight support treadmill training five times a week for 2 weeks. The data were analyzed by paired t-test. Body weight support treadmill training scoring of standing balance, step length and 10 m-timed walk test showed a definite improvement. Body weight support treadmill training offers the advantages of task-oriented training with numerous repetitions of a supervised gait pattern. The outcomes suggest that patients with hemiplegia can improve their gait ability and standing balance through body weight support treadmill training.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.603-607
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• 2002

Cavity pressure is a factor of what is occurring inside the mold and is used as one of the process parameters that control the overall injection molding cycle. The insight of cavity pressure is able to predict part quality and optimum process condition. In this paper, it is adapted ejector pin sensor to measure the cavity pressure and investigates the flow balance and the cavity pressure according to different runner thickness for adjusting the flow balance. Flow balance is very important to have not the poor results such as flash and warpage in the family mold. This paper predicted flow balance and cavity pressure using CAE analysis tool and compared with the test results. The results of analysis and test have a good agreement with the cavity pressure profile and flow pattern of the test.