• 아동학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.1-23
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• 1986

The present study investigated the current child care practices of professional working mothers in Korea and their needs for substitute child care outside the home. Three hundred twenty-two professional working mothers who have children under 6 years of age in Seoul, Pusan, Taegu, and Taejon were surveyed with the use of a questionnaire. It was found that during their working hours, most of the professional working mothers put their children in the care of either the paternal or the maternal grandmothers. Others put the children in the care of a full-time housekeeper or a part-time housekeeper. While all the mothers had worked out a way to care for their children, almost all of them would use day care if facilities were available. Specifically, 42 per cent prefer child care at their work site, 21 per cent prefer family day care, and only 3 per cent indicated that they would not use any child care facilities. Most of the working mothers think that their employer should manage the day care program. Others prefer social agency or government management. Regarding costs, most prefer that costs should be split 50-50 between the employer and the family. In addition, professional working mothers wanted quality programs with educational components rather than mere custodial care. It was concluded that variety in types of quality child care programs should be available to provide working mothers the options of choosing what they want for their children. The main type of programs suggested by this study is work site based child care for children under 3 years of age. The existing law for the Saemaul Nursery School program should be implemented so as to include programs for children under 3.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.199-213
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• 2021

The purpose of the study was to apply latent transition analysis to the work-family balance of working mothers with a child in elementary school by focusing on the effect of antecedents on both work-family balance typology and the transition between typologies. Data from 400 working mothers who participated in the eighth and eleventh waves of the Panel Study on Korean Children were used. The results can be summarized as follows. First, the latent profile analysis of working mothers whose children were in the first grade classified the work-family balance types as 'contradictory' or 'beneficial' and of working mothers whose children were in the fourth grade as 'conflictual', 'contradictory', 'high beneficial', 'low beneficial' or 'beneficial'. Second, working mothers whose work-family balance was 'contradictory' or 'beneficial' when their children were in the first grade mostly had, respectively, a 'low beneficial' or a 'high beneficial' balance when their children were in the fourth grade. Third, the probability of being classified into each type differed according to subjective happiness and marital conflict in the first grade, and marital conflict and social support in the fourth grade. Moreover, marital conflict and social support were significant in the transition between the types of work-family balance. The study showed that the types of work-family balance differed for each time point for individual working mothers. The study also highlighted the importance of parenting-related personal, family and social factors in determining the work-family balance type and transition between types.

• 아동학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.31-44
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• 2006

This study focused on the lives of working mothers in its examination of the meaning of an employer supported educare center. Ethnographic methods including participant observation, in-depth interview, and the analysis of documents were used for the case study at D educare center where management has been entrusted to K University. Results showed that employer supported educare center had significant meanings in the lives of working mothers. Meanings consisted of stories about relieving time conflicts, adapting themselves to life space, putting confidence in the educare center, and organizing community. Meanings gained from this study suggest that D educare center could be a model for employer supported educare centers focused on the lives of working mothers.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.87-108
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• 2015

본 연구는 만4세 유아의 인지발달이 생태체계변인에 따라 다른지를 살펴보고, 이 변인들이 유아의 인지발달을 유의하게 예측하는지, 어머니의 취업여부에 따라 상이한 예측을 보이는지를 살펴보았다. 연구대상은 한국아동패널 5차년도 자료인 만4세 유아 998명이었고, 어머니 및 교사 대상으로 질문지 조사를 실시하였다. 그 결과 만4세 유아의 인지발달은 유아성별, 모학력, 부학력, 모취업여부, 가정환경의 질, 자녀기관생활관심정도에 따라 달랐다. 자녀기관생활관심정도가 가장 큰 영향력을 가졌고, 유아성별, 가정환경의 질, 모취업여부의 순으로 인지발달에 영향을 미쳤다. 어머니의 취업여부에 따라서는 다른 양상이 나타났는데, 자녀기관생활관심정도와 성별이 공통적으로 영향력을 미쳤지만 취업모 가정에서 자녀기관생활관심정도의 영향력이 더 크게 나타났고, 가정환경의 질은 취업모 자녀의 인지발달에 대해서만 영향력을 미쳤다. 이 연구결과는 어머니의 취업여부에 따라 유아기 자녀의 인지발달을 도모하는 정책적 접근에 유용한 기초자료를 제공한다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.79-88
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to compare the dietary behavior of middle school and high school students who had working mothers with students whose mothers were not employed. Self-reports on their dietary behavior and one-day dietary records were obtained from 396 middle school students and 364 high school students using anonymous questionnaires. The results were summarized as follows; the students with working mothers were more likely to not to eat properly and their dietary behavior was generally inadequate, showing a greater irregularity for meals, more of a tendency to skip breakfast, less diversity of food intake, and a higher incidence of drinking and smoking. One-day dietary records obtained by 24k recall methods showed less diverse food intake and a higher rate of skipped meals in students with working mothers. Drinking and smoking were more prevalent among middle school students whose mothers were working than among those students with unemployed mothers, but in the case of high school student the difference was not significant. With more and more housewives seeking jobs, more attention needs to be given to the dietary and nutritional intake of their children, especially among middle school students. High school students seem to be less affected than middle school students by their mother's employment.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.419-431
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• 2013

This study examined the childcare use pattern of the working mothers with preschool children and the factors affecting their use of multiple childcare. The 7th wave data of "Korea Welfare Panel Study" were analyzed for this study. The working mothers with preschool children were selected from the data set and a total of 292 working mothers were included in the analysis. More than 70% of the working mothers were using only one kind of childcare, mostly childcare center and kindergarten and 22.5% of the mothers were using more than two of childcare arrangements. Child factors, maternal factors, household factors, and economic factors were included in the hierarchical logistic regression model in the presented order to predict the use of multiple childcare. The results showed that the child's age and maternal education were positively related to the use of multiple childcare, while whether both parents live with the child, number of children within household, and the poverty status were negatively related to the use of it. Based on these results, we can confer that the main motive for multiple childcare use is to provide various experiences for their children.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.71-84
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• 2000

The objective of this research is to investigate the relation between the parenting stress, recognized by the working mothers, and associated variables systematically. For the purpose, I analyzed the demographic of the working mothers and surrounding variables at the levels of microsystem, mesosystem, and macrosystems, to relate with respect to the parenting stress problem. The research composes the sample space of working mothers having children less than 6 years old. The data were analyzed by the statistical method based on frequency, percentile, Pearson's correlation, hierachical and multiple regression. The main results of the research can be summarized as follows: According to the independent effects of diverse ecological systematic variables, there are shown that 11 independent variables can describe about 55.6% of the parenting stress of the working mothers. Among these variables, 'satisfaction about the child care' is the most significant factor, which covers about 34.5%. Additionally, the next significances are observed from such variables as 'temperament of children' (8.2%), 'satisfaction of marriage' (5.1%), 'support of spouse' (1.5%), 'level of education' (1.9%) and so on. In conclusion, it is strongly recommended to compensate and restructure the child care systems more systematically, to afford more reliable parenting environment to the dual earner mothers and fathers and children simultaneously.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.714-728
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• 2016

본 연구는 Q방법론을 활용해 한명의 자녀를 둔 취업모가 둘째 자녀의 출산을 기피하는 요인을 유형화하고, 그 결과를 토대로 저출산 정책 방향에 대한 시사점을 얻는데 목적이 있다. 연구대상인 P표본은 대구 경북에서 한명의 자녀를 둔, 가임가능성이 있는 20세 이상 45세 미만의 직장 여성 50명을 대상으로 조사하였다. 먼저 총 72개의 진술문을 확보한 뒤, 2차 분류를 거쳐 최종 24개의 Q표본을 확정하였다. 연구결과, 취업모의 둘째 자녀 출산기피 유형은 3가지로 분류되었고 제1유형은 배우자가 비협조적인 '양육 비공유형', 제2유형은 직장에서 일-가정 양립이 어려운 '직장 내 일-가정 양립 미흡형', 제3유형은 '소득 제약형'으로 명명하였다. '양육 비공유형'은 취업모 22명(44%)이 동의한 유형으로, 자녀양육에 있어 배우자의 비협조와 보육기관에 대한 강한 불신이 둘째 자녀 출산기피 원인으로 분석되었다. '직장 내 일-가정 양립 미흡형'은 취업모 13명(26%)이 동의한 유형으로, 직장 내 출산 및 자녀 양육에 대한 복지 부실이 출산기피 이유였다. '소득 제약형'은 취업모 8명(16%)이 선택해 상대적으로 비중이 낮았다. 따라서 취업모는 경제적 어려움보다는 가정과 직장 내에서 자녀 양육에 대한 뒷받침이 부족해 둘째 자녀의 출산을 기피한다는 점을 확인할 수 있었다. 이에 따라 취업모의 둘째 자녀 출산을 장려하기 위해서는 보육료 지원보다 가정 내 양성 평등 문화의 확산과 직장 내 일-가정의 양립 정책에 집중해야함을 시사하고 있다.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.41-62
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• 2018

Objective: This study employed a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design to evaluate the effectiveness of the Respected Parents & Respected Children(RPRC) parent education program developed for working mothers of dual-income families with young children. Methods: A total of 32 working mothers were randomly assigned to two groups, an intervention group (n = 16) and a control group (n = 16). Mothers in the intervention group participated in the parent education program. After the termination of the program, differences between the pretest and posttest in terms of mothers'parenting behaviors, parenting efficacy and parental role satisfaction were compared in both groups. Results: Mothers in the intervention group were significantly improved in their parenting behaviors and parenting efficacy, whereas mothers in the control group did not show any significant differences between pretest and posttest scores. However, there was no significant difference in parental role satisfaction between the intervention group and the control group. Conclusion/Implications: These findings suggest that RPRC parent education program is effective in bringing about positive changes in working mothers'parenting confidence, which can be crucial for the future developmental outcomes of their children.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제48권9호
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• pp.79-87
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether employed mothers' extended working hours have effects on childcare style and work-family conflicts. The data came from the 2007 Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Family(KLoWF) of the Korean Women's Development Institute. 475 females with preschoolers or elementary-school children were used in this study. The major findings can be summarized as follows: (1) Weekly average working hours varied by education, salary, and the presence of preschoolers. (2) The time of childcare was significantly shorter in mothers who work more than 50 hours/week (3) Mothers who worked more than 50 hours/week felt significantly high work-family conflict. These analyses pointed to the importance of obeying the law related to working hours as the most important thing to sustain work-family balance. Institutional foundations should be enabled to keep legal working hours.